Cho a>0, b>0 và a+b ≤1. Tìm GTNN của biểu thức A= a2+b2+\(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\)
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\(P=2+\dfrac{2}{b}+a+\dfrac{a}{b}+2+\dfrac{2}{a}+b+\dfrac{b}{a}=\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)+\left(a+\dfrac{1}{2a}\right)+\left(b+\dfrac{1}{2b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{2a}+\dfrac{3}{2b}\right)+4\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{a}}+2\sqrt{a.\dfrac{1}{2a}}+2\sqrt{b.\dfrac{1}{2b}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2a}.\dfrac{3}{2b}}+4=6+2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
Ta lại có: \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2.b^2}=2ab\left(BĐT.Cauchy\right)\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge4ab\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge6+2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge6+2\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}=6+5\sqrt{2}\)
\(minP=6+5\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
a)Có \(a^2+1\ge2a\) với mọi a; \(b^2+1\ge2b\) với mọi b
Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+2\ge2\left(a+b\right)\)
Dấu = xảy ra <=> a=b=1
b) Áp dụng BĐT bunhiacopxki có:
\(\left(x+y\right)^2\le\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\le2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\sqrt{2}\le x+y\le\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)_{max}=\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=\sqrt{2}\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\left(x+y\right)_{min}=-\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-\sqrt{2}\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
c) \(S=\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}\)
Với x,y>0, ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\) (1)
Thật vậy (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+x}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (lđ)
Áp dụng (1) vào S ta được:
\(S\ge\dfrac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}\)
Lại có: \(ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\) \(\Leftrightarrow2ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\Leftrightarrow2ab\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2ab}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow S\ge\dfrac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+2=6\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{min}=6\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}-2\right)=\dfrac{1-a+b}{b}+\dfrac{1-b+a}{a}\)
Vì \(a^2+b^2=1\) và \(a,b>0\Leftrightarrow0< a< 1;0< b< 1\Leftrightarrow1+a-b>0;1-b+a>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(1-a+b\right)\left(1-b+a\right)}{ab}}=2\sqrt{\dfrac{1-a^2-b^2+2ab}{ab}}=2\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2+b^2=1\\\dfrac{1-a+b}{b}=\dfrac{1-b+a}{a}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Đầu tiên ta chứng minh bđt:\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Áp dụng \(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}\ge\dfrac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}=\dfrac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{4}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow MINP=\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow a=b=2\)
Lời giải:
$P=\frac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{abc}$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM, dạng $(x+y+z)^2\geq 3(xy+yz+xz)$ ta có:
$(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)^2\geq 3(a^2b^4c^2+a^4b^2c^2+a^2b^2c^4)$
$=3a^2b^2c^2(a^2+b^2+c^2)=3a^2b^2c^2$
$\Rightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq \sqrt{3}abc$
$\Rightarrow P=\frac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{abc}\geq \sqrt{3}$
Vậy $P_{\min}=\sqrt{3}$. Giá trị này đạt tại $a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$
Làm lại :v
\(\dfrac{a}{1+b}+\dfrac{b}{1+a}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{a}{a+2b}+\dfrac{b}{2a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2ab}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ab+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2+2ab}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}=\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{2}{3}+1=\dfrac{5}{3}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Thật ra bài này t đã làm rồi,mà méo rảnh đi mò link,bạn rảnh thì có thể tìm nhé
\(A=a^2+\dfrac{1}{16a^2}+b^2+\dfrac{1}{16b^2}+\dfrac{15}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)\)
\(A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2}{16a^2}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2}{16b^2}}+\dfrac{15}{32}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2\)
\(A\ge1+\dfrac{15}{32}\left(\dfrac{4}{a+b}\right)^2\ge1+\dfrac{15}{32}.4\)