cho ba số dương a,b,c thõa mãn a2+b2+c2=12
chứng minh:\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\ge\frac{8}{a^2+28}+\frac{8}{b^2+28}+\frac{8}{c^2+28}\)
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Nhân 2 vế của \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\) có: \(ab+bc+ca=abc\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{a+bc}=\frac{a^3}{a^2+abc}=\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+bc+ca}=\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{a+bc}=\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{a+b}{8}+\frac{a+c}{8}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\cdot\frac{a+b}{8}\cdot\frac{a+c}{8}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta có:
\(\frac{b^2}{b+ca}+\frac{a+b}{8}+\frac{b+c}{8}\ge\frac{3b}{4};\frac{c^2}{c+ab}+\frac{a+c}{8}+\frac{b+c}{8}\ge\frac{3c}{4}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(VT+\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{8}\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT+\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)}{8}\ge\frac{6\left(a+b+c\right)}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\frac{a+b+c}{4}=VP\). Ta có ĐPCM
\(VT\ge\dfrac{a^2}{\sqrt{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}+\dfrac{b^2}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+c^2\right)}}+\dfrac{c^2}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{b^2+c^2};\sqrt{c^2+a^2};\sqrt{a^2+b^2}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=\dfrac{y^2+z^2-x^2}{2}\\b^2=\dfrac{x^2+z^2-y^2}{2}\\c^2=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{2}VT\ge\dfrac{y^2+z^2-x^2}{x}+\dfrac{z^2+x^2-y^2}{y}+\dfrac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{2}VT\ge\dfrac{y^2+z^2}{x}+\dfrac{z^2+x^2}{y}+\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{z}-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(2\sqrt{2}VT\ge\dfrac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{2x}+\dfrac{\left(z+x\right)^2}{2y}+\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2z}-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(2\sqrt{2}VT\ge\dfrac{4\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2x+2y+2z}-\left(x+y+z\right)=x+y+z=\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{2019}}{2\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{2019}{8}}\) (đpcm)
\(abc=1\Rightarrow\left(abc\right)^2=a^2b^2c^2=1\Rightarrow a^2=\frac{1}{b^2c^2}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{b^2c^2}{a\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{\left(bc\right)^2}{ab+ac}\)
Chứng minh tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}=\frac{\left(ca\right)^2}{bc+ba};\frac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{\left(ab\right)^2}{ca+cb}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{\left(ab\right)^2}{bc+ca}+\frac{\left(bc\right)^2}{ab+ca}+\frac{\left(ca\right)^2}{ab+bc}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel: \(\frac{\left(ab\right)^2}{bc+ca}+\frac{\left(bc\right)^2}{ab+ca}+\frac{\left(ca\right)^2}{ab+bc}\ge\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{bc+ca+ab+ca+ab+bc}=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng bđt Cauchy với 3 số dương ta được: \(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{ab.bc.ca}}{2}=\frac{3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}}{2}=\frac{3\sqrt[3]{1}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
=> \(\frac{\left(ab\right)^2}{bc+ca}+\frac{\left(bc\right)^2}{ab+ca}+\frac{\left(ca\right)^2}{ab+bc}\ge\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
xet tam giác OBC có OB=OC=BC suy ra tam giác OBC đều suy ra CBA=60 độ