Chứng minh rằng:
1 < a a + b + b b + c + c c + a < 3
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a)a2+b2+c2+3=2(a+b+c)
=>a2+b2+c2+1+1+1-2a-2b-2c=0
=>(a2-2a+1)+(b2-2b+1)+(c2-2c+1)=0
=>(a-1)2+(b-1)2+(c-1)2=0
=>a-1=b-1=c-1=0 <=>a=b=c=1
-->Đpcm
b)(a+b+c)2=3(ab+ac+bc)
=>a2+b2+c2+2ab+2ac+2bc -3ab-3ac-3bc=0
=>a2+b2+c2-ab-ac-bc=0
=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2ac-2bc=0
=>(a2- 2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+c2) + (c2-2ca+a2) = 0
=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2=0
Hay (a-b)2=0 hoặc (b-c)2=0 hoặc (a-c)2=0
=>a-b hoặc b=c hoặc a=c
=>a=b=c
-->Đpcm
c)a2+b2+c2=ab+bc+ca
=>2(a2+b2+c2)=2(ab+bc+ca)
=>2a2+2b2+c2=2ab+2bc+2ca
=>2a2+2b2+c2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0
=>a2+a2+b2+b2+c2+c2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0
=>(a2-2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+c2)+(a2-2ca+c2)=0
=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(a-c)2=0
Hay (a-b)2=0 hoặc (b-c)2=0 hoặc (a-c)2=0
=>a-b hoặc b=c hoặc a=c
=>a=b=c
-->Đpcm
1a)Xét a2 + 5 - 4a =a2 - 4a + 4+1=(a - 2)2+1\(\ge\)1 hay (a -2)2 + 1 > 0
\(\Rightarrow\)Đpcm
b)Xét 3(a2 + b2 + c2) -(a + b +c)2 =3a2 + 3b2 + 3c2 - a2 - b2 - c2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc
=2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc
=(a - b)2 + (a - c)2 + (b - c)2\(\ge\)0 (với mọi a,b,c)
\(\Rightarrow\)Đpcm
2)Xét A=\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(a+c+b\right)=3+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}\)
áp dụng cô-sy
\(\Rightarrow\)A\(\ge\)9
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}=3\)
thử bài bất :D
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{a^3\left(b+c\right)}.\dfrac{a^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) ( AM-GM cho 5 số ) (*)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{b^3\left(c+a\right)}.\dfrac{b^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (**)
\(\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{c}{2}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge5\sqrt[5]{\dfrac{1}{c^3\left(a+b\right)}.\dfrac{c^3}{2^3}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) (AM-GM cho 5 số) (***)
Cộng (*),(**),(***) vế theo vế ta được:
\(P+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\) \(\Leftrightarrow P+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\dfrac{15}{2}\)
Mà: \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}=3\) ( AM-GM 3 số )
Từ đây: \(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{15}{2}-2\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
1. \(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3=2\left(c^3-d^3\right)+c^3+d^3=3c^3-d^3\) :D
a.
Bình phương 2 vế, BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành:
\(\sqrt{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)}+\sqrt{\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}+\sqrt{\left(c^2+1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)}\ge6\)
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(1+b^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2}=a+b\)
Tương tự cộng lại:
\(\sqrt{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(b^2+1\right)}+\sqrt{\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}+\sqrt{\left(c^2+1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)}\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)=6\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
b.
\(\sum\dfrac{a+1}{a^2+2a+3}=\sum\dfrac{a+1}{a^2+1+2a+2}\le\sum\dfrac{a+1}{4a+2}\)
Nên ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\sum\dfrac{a+1}{4a+2}\le1\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{4a+4}{4a+2}\le4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{1}{2a+1}\ge1\)
Đúng đo: \(\dfrac{1}{2a+1}+\dfrac{1}{2b+1}+\dfrac{1}{2c+1}\ge\dfrac{9}{2\left(a+b+c\right)+3}=1\)
Bài 6 . Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có :
a2 + b2 ≥ 2ab ( a > 0 ; b > 0)
⇔ ( a + b)2 ≥ 4ab
⇔ \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)≥ ab
⇔ \(\dfrac{a+b}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) ( 1 )
CMTT , ta cũng được : \(\dfrac{b+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) ( 2) ; \(\dfrac{a+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)( 3)
Cộng từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3 ) , Ta có :
\(\dfrac{a+b}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{b+c}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{a+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) + \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) + \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) + \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) + \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)
Bài 4.
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho các số dương a , b, c , ta có :
\(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}}\) ( a > 0 ; b > 0) ( 1)
\(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c}}\) ( b > 0 ; c > 0) ( 2)
\(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a}}\) ( a > 0 ; c > 0) ( 3)
Nhân từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3) , ta được :
\(\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\) ≥ \(8\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{a}}=8\)
\(https://scontent.fhph1-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t34.0-12/19987311_122536408488931_1351154453_n.jpg?oh=553755e5363013e1853ab6f5ed63a600&oe=59BF5CA7\)https://scontent.fhph1-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t34.0-12/19987311_122536408488931_1351154453_n.jpg?oh=553755e5363013e1853ab6f5ed63a600&oe=59BF5CA7
Ấn vào linh đấy ế
a. \(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2=a^2+b^2-2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2=-2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=0\Leftrightarrow a=-b\) (đpcm)
b. \(a^2+b^2+c^2+3=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3-2a-2b-2c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)+\left(c^2-2c+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(a-1\right)^2;\left(b-1\right)^2;\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2=\left(b-1\right)^2=\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-1=b-1=c-1=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
c. \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Tương tự câu b ta có a = b = c
+) Chứng minh:
Ta có:
+) Chứng minh:
Ta có:
Vậy