\(A=1-\frac{3}{4}+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^3+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^4-...-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2009}+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2010}\)
CMR: A k thuộc Z
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Ta có: \(A=1-\left[\frac{3}{4}-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^3-...-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2010}\right]\)
=> Để \(A\in N\)thì \(\frac{3}{4}-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^3-...-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2010}\in Z\)
=> \(3-3^2+3^3-...-3^{2010}\)phải chia hết cho 4.
Ta có: 3 - 32 + 33 - ... . 32010 = (3 - 32) + (33 - 34) + ... + (32009 - 32010) =
= (3.1-3.3)+...+(32009.1+32010.3) -> có 2010 / 2 = 1005 nhóm tất cả.
(3.1-3.3)+...+(32009.1+32010.3) = 3.(-2)+33.(-2)+...+32009.(-2) = (-2).(3+33+...+32009) không chia hết cho 4.
Vậy \(A\notin Z\)
Ta có: A=1−[34 −(34 )2+(34 )3−...−(34 )2010]
=> Để A∈Nthì 34 −(34 )2+(34 )3−...−(34 )2010∈Z
=> 3−32+33−...−32010phải chia hết cho 4.
Ta có: 3 - 32 + 33 - ... . 32010 = (3 - 32) + (33 - 34) + ... + (32009 - 32010) =
= (3.1-3.3)+...+(32009.1+32010.3) -> có 2010 / 2 = 1005 nhóm tất cả.
(3.1-3.3)+...+(32009.1+32010.3) = 3.(-2)+33.(-2)+...+32009.(-2) = (-2).(3+33+...+32009) không chia hết cho 4.
Vậy A∉Z
\(A=1-\frac{3}{4}+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^4-...-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2009}+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2010}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{4}A=\frac{3}{4}-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^4+...+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2010}-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2011}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{4}A+A=\frac{3}{4}-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^4+...+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{20010}-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2011}\)
\(+1-\frac{3}{4}+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^4-...-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2009}+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2010}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{7}{4}A=1-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2011}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{4}{7}-\frac{4}{7}.\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2011}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{4}{7}-\frac{3^{2011}}{7.4^{2010}}\)
Vậy A không là số tự nhiên
\(A=1-\frac{3}{4}+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^3+...+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2010}\)
\(\frac{3}{4}A=\frac{3}{4}-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^3-...-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2011}\)
\(\frac{3}{4}A-1=-\left[1-\frac{3}{4}+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^3+...+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2010}\right]-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2011}\)
\(\frac{3}{4}A-1=A-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2011}\)
\(\frac{3}{4}A-A=-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2011}+1\)
\(-\frac{1}{4}A=1-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2011}\)
\(A=\frac{1-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2011}}{-\frac{1}{4}}=1:-\frac{1}{4}-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2011}:\left(-\frac{1}{4}\right)=-4+3\cdot\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^{2010}\)
=>A không phải là số nguyên