Cho tam giác ABC có A (1;-2) B(0;1) C(-2;0)
a. phương trình tổng quát (PTTQ) các cạnh của tam giác ABC
b. PTTQ của đường trung tuyến kẻ từ B
c. PTTQ của đường cao AH
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Bài 1:
a: Xét ΔABC có \(AC^2=AB^2+BC^2\)
nên ΔABC vuông tại B
b: XétΔABC có BC<AB<AC
nên \(\widehat{A}< \widehat{C}< \widehat{B}\)
Tọa độ điểm C:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_C=3x_I-x_A-x_B=1\\y_C=3y_I-y_A-y_B=-4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow C\left(1;-4\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\overrightarrow{AH}=\left(a-3;b+1\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{BH}=\left(a+1;b-2\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{BC}=\left(2;-6\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{AC}=\left(-2;-3\right)\)
Theo giả thiết
\(AH\perp BC\Rightarrow2\left(a-3\right)-6\left(b+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow a-3b=6\left(1\right)\)
\(BH\perp AC\Rightarrow-2\left(a+1\right)-3\left(b-2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow2a+3b=4\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{10}{3}\\b=-\dfrac{8}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow a+3b=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Gọi tọa độ điểm H(a;b)
Ta có: A H → = a + 1 ; b − 1 , B H → = a ; b − 2 , B C → = 1 ; − 1 , A C → 2 ; 0
Do H là trực tâm tam giác ABC nên:
A C → . B H → = 0 B C → . A H → = 0 ⇒ 2. a + 0. b − 2 = 0 1. a + 1 − 1. b − 1 = 0 ⇒ a = 0 b = 2
Vậy H (0; 2).
Chọn A
\(AB=\sqrt{\left(-2-2\right)^2+\left(-1+2\right)^2}=\sqrt{17}\)
\(AC=\sqrt{\left(1-2\right)^2+\left(2+2\right)^2}=\sqrt{17}\)
Vậy tam giác ABC cân tại A.
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a, AB: qua A(1;-2), 1 VTCP \(\overrightarrow{AB}=\left(-1;3\right)\) => VTPT: \(\left(3;1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow AB:3\left(x-1\right)+y+2=0\Leftrightarrow3x+y-1=0\)
AC : qua A(1;-2), 1 VTCP \(\overrightarrow{AC}=\left(-3;2\right)\) => VTPT: \(\left(2;3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow AC:2\left(x-1\right)+3\left(y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+3y+4=0\)
BC: qua B(0;1) , 1 VTCP \(\overrightarrow{BC}=\left(-2;-1\right)\) => VTPT: \(\left(-1;2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow BC:-x+2y-2=0\)
b, Gọi I là trung điểm AC => \(I\left(-\frac{1}{2};-1\right)\)
Pt đg trung tuyến kẻ từ B: qua \(B\left(0;1\right)\) ; 1 VPCP \(\overrightarrow{BI}=\left(-\frac{1}{2};2\right)\)
=> VTPT: \(\left(2;\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
=> BI : \(2x+2\left(y-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x+y-1=0\)
c, AH: qua A(1;-2) , 1 VTPT \(\overrightarrow{BC}=\left(-2;-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow AH:-2\left(x-1\right)-\left(y+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x+2-y-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x-y=0\)