CMR
a căn b-1 + b căn a-1 <= ab
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trần đắc lợi lần sau nhớ gõ latex nha bạn, như này người làm dễ bị sai đề lắm
\(a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}\)
Áp dụng AM-GM :
\(a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}\)
\(=a\sqrt{1\cdot\left(b-1\right)}+b\sqrt{1\cdot\left(a-1\right)}\le a\cdot\frac{1+b-1}{2}+b\cdot\frac{1+a-1}{2}\)
\(=\frac{ab}{2}+\frac{ab}{2}=ab\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=2\)
Ta có: a + b + c = 2 nên \(2c+ab=c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab=ac+bc+c^2+ab\)
\(=\left(ca+c^2\right)+\left(bc+ab\right)=c\left(a+c\right)+b\left(a+c\right)\)\(=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số không âm:
\(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)(Vì a,b,c thực dương)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{2c+ab}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\)(cmt)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+2c}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{ab}{a+c}\right)\)(nhân 2 vế cho ab thực dương) (1)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{b+c}=\frac{1}{c+a}\Leftrightarrow b+c=c+a\Leftrightarrow a=b\))
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{bc}{\sqrt{bc+2a}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{bc}{b+a}+\frac{bc}{a+c}\right)\)(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow b=c\)) (2)
\(\frac{ca}{\sqrt{ca+2b}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ca}{c+b}+\frac{ca}{b+a}\right)\)(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=c\)) (3)
Cộng các BĐT (1) , (2) , (3), ta được:
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ab}{c+a}+\frac{ab}{c+b}+\frac{bc}{b+a}+\frac{cb}{c+a}+\frac{ac}{b+a}+\frac{ac}{c+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b\left(c+a\right)}{c+a}+\frac{a\left(c+b\right)}{c+b}+\frac{c\left(b+a\right)}{b+a}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)=1\)
Vậy \(P=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+2c}}\)\(+\frac{bc}{\sqrt{bc+2a}}\)\(+\frac{ca}{\sqrt{ca+2b}}\le1\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\))
Ta có:
\(\frac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+2c}}=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+\left(a+b+c\right)c}}=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}}\le\frac{ab}{c+a}+\frac{ab}{c+b}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{bc}{\sqrt{bc+2a}}\le\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+c}\)
\(\frac{ca}{\sqrt{ca+2b}}\le\frac{ca}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{b+a}\)
Khi đó:
\(P\le\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{c+b}+\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+c}+\frac{ca}{b+c}+\frac{ca}{b+a}\)
\(=\frac{b\left(a+c\right)}{a+c}+\frac{a\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{c\left(a+b\right)}{b+a}\)
\(=a+b+c=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c+ab}}=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{ac+bc+c^2+ab}}=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(tt\Rightarrow2\text{ lần biểu thức}=2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)}}+2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+2\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{a}{a+b}\left(\sqrt{ab}\le\frac{a+b}{2}\right)=3\Rightarrow dpcm\)
Ta có: \(a^2-ab+3b^2+1=\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+ab+\left(b^2+1\right)+b^2\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2+ab+\left(b^2+1\right)+b^2\ge ab+2b+b^2\)
\(=b\left(a+b+2\right)\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+3b^2+1}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{b\left(a+b+2\right)}}\)(1)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^2-bc+3c^2+1}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{c\left(b+c+2\right)}}\)(2); \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^2-ca+3a^2+1}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{a\left(c+a+2\right)}}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT (1), (2), (3) và sử dụng AM - GM kết hợp liên tục BĐT \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\), ta được:
\(P\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{b\left(a+b+2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c\left(b+c+2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{a\left(c+a+2\right)}}\)
\(=\Sigma\frac{2}{\sqrt{4b\left(a+b+2\right)}}\)\(\le\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{4b}+\frac{1}{a+b+2}\right)\)(AM - GM)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\text{}\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{a+b+2}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\text{}\Sigma\left[\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\right]\)
\(\le\frac{3}{4}+\text{}\left[\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{8}+\text{}\Sigma\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{3}{4}+\text{}\left[\frac{3}{8}+\text{}\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]\le\frac{3}{4}+\frac{3}{8}+\frac{3}{8}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Dòng thứ 10 sửa lại cho mình là \(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\Sigma\left[\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{2}\right)\right]\)
Do olm có lỗi là mỗi lần bấm dấu ngoặc là số nó tự động nhảy ra ngoài
Ta có: \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)\)
khi đó:
\(P\le\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(a+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{2}{c+a}\)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{a+b}=\frac{4}{a+b}\)=> \(\frac{2}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
=> \(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1
Vậy max P = 3 tại a = b = c =1.
Không thích làm cách này đâu nhưng đường cùng rồi nên thua-_-
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+y}=a;\sqrt{y+z}=b;\sqrt{z+x}=c\) suy ra
\(x=\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2};y=\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2};z=\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2}\). Ta cần chứng minh:
\(abc\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)
Đây là bất đẳng thức Schur bậc 3, ta có đpcm.
a)
\(7\sqrt{12}+\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{27}-\sqrt{75}\)
\(=14\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}-5\sqrt{3}\)
\(=10\sqrt{3}\)
b)
\(\left(2\sqrt{20}+\sqrt{125}-3\sqrt{80}\right):5\)
\(=\left(4\sqrt{5}+5\sqrt{5}-12\sqrt{5}\right):5\)
\(=-3\sqrt{5}:5\)
\(=\frac{-3\sqrt{5}}{5}\)
c)
\(3\sqrt{12a}-5\sqrt{3a}+\sqrt{48a}\)
\(=6\sqrt{3a}-5\sqrt{3a}+4\sqrt{3a}\)
\(=5\sqrt{3a}\)