cho a, b, c > 0 và a + b + c = 1. tìm GTLN của
\(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\)
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\(A=\frac{a-1}{a}+\frac{b-1}{b}+\frac{c-4}{c}=1-\frac{1}{a}+1-\frac{1}{b}+1-\frac{4}{c}\)
\(=3-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)\le3-\frac{\left(1+1+2\right)^2}{a+b+c}=3-16=-13\)có GTNN là - 13
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{4};c=\frac{1}{2}\)
A=\frac{a-1}{a}+\frac{b-1}{b}+\frac{c-4}{c}=1-\frac{1}{a}+1-\frac{1}{b}+1-\frac{4}{c}A=aa−1+bb−1+cc−4=1−a1+1−b1+1−c4
=3-\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)\le3-\frac{\left(1+1+2\right)^2}{a+b+c}=3-16=-13=3−(a1+b1+c4)≤3−a+b+c(1+1+2)2=3−16=−13có GTNN là - 13
Dấu "=" xảy ra \Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{4};c=\frac{1}{2}⇔a=b=41;c=21
\(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}=\text{a}-\frac{a^2}{a+1}+b-\frac{b^2}{b+1}+c-\frac{c^2}{c+1}\)
\(=1-\left(\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy dạng phân thức :
\(\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{1}{1+3}=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\left(\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\right)\le1-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow GTLN=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
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\(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}=a-\frac{a^2}{a+1}+b-\frac{b^2}{b+1}+c-\frac{c^2}{c+1}\)
\(=1-\left(\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy dạng phân thức ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{1}{1+3}=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\left(\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\right)\le1-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow GTLN=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
Từ gt \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b+1}=2-\frac{1}{b+c+1}-\frac{1}{c+a+1}=\frac{b+c}{b+c+1}+\frac{c+a}{c+a+1}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(b+c+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}}\text{ }\left(1\right)\) (bđt Cauchy)
Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{b+c+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{\left(a+b+1\right)\left(a+c+1\right)}}\text{ }\left(2\right)\\\frac{1}{c+a+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+b+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)}}\text{ }\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1);(2);(3) \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b+1}.\frac{1}{b+c+1}.\frac{1}{c+a+1}\ge8\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a+c\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+1\right)^2\left(b+c+1\right)^2\left(c+a+1\right)^2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+b+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}\ge8.\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+1\right)\left(b+c+1\right)\left(c+a+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge8\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\le\frac{1}{8}\)Hay \(M\le\frac{1}{8}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{4}\)
Áp dụng bdtd quen thuộc :
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}=\frac{9}{3}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Chứng minh bđt nha ( quên mất )
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\\\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\end{cases}}\)
Nhân từng vế của 2 bđt ta được đpcm
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{ab+c}{c+1}=\frac{ab+c}{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\)\(\le\frac{ab+c}{4\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{ab+c}{4\left(b+c\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{bc+a}{a+1}\le\frac{bc+a}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{bc+a}{4\left(a+c\right)}\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{ac+b}{b+1}\le\frac{ac+b}{4\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{ac+b}{4\left(b+c\right)}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng theo vế của (1),(2) và (3) ta có:
\(Q\le\frac{a+b+c+3}{4}=1\)
Dấu = khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
1) Tìm GTNN :
Ta có : \(\frac{x}{y+1}+\frac{y}{x+1}=\frac{x^2}{xy+x}+\frac{y^2}{xy+y}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2xy+\left(x+y\right)}\ge\frac{1}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}+1}=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}+1}=\frac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
2) Áp dụng BĐT Svacxo ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{c^2}{1+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3+a+b+c}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
2/ Áp dụng bđt Cô- si cho 2 số dương ta có :
\(\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{1+b}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{1+b}\frac{1+b}{4}}=a\)
Tương tự ta có \(\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{1+c}{4}\ge b;\frac{c^2}{1+a}+\frac{1+a}{4}\ge c\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{c^2}{1+a}\ge a+b+c-\left(\frac{1+b}{4}+\frac{1+c}{4}+\frac{1+a}{4}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+c}+\frac{c^2}{1+a}\ge3-\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{4}=3-\frac{1}{4}.3-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
Dễ CM đc: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{ab+a+1}=1\) với abc=1
\(B=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{ab+a+2}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(9\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+3\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left(9.1+3\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
"=" \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
\(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}=a-\frac{a^2}{a+1}+b-\frac{b^2}{b+1}+c-\frac{c^2}{c+1}\)
\(=1-\left(\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy dạng phân thức
\(\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{1}{1+3}=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\left(\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\right)\le1-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow GTLN=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!