tìm x thực để \(x+\sqrt{15}\)và \(\frac{1}{x}+\sqrt{15}\)là số nguyên
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1. Ta có: A = \(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-3+4}{\sqrt{x}-3}=1+\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
Để A \(\in\)Z <=> \(4⋮\sqrt{x}-3\) <=> \(\sqrt{x}-3\inƯ\left(4\right)=\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)
Lập bảng:
\(\sqrt{x}-3\) | 1 | -1 | 2 | -2 | 4 | -4 |
\(\sqrt{x}\) | 4 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 7 | -1 (loại) |
x | 16 | 4 | 25 | 1 | 49 |
Vậy ....
2. Ta có: B = \(\frac{x^2+15}{x^2+3}=\frac{\left(x^2+3\right)+12}{x^2+3}=1+\frac{12}{x^2+3}\)
Do x2 + 3 \(\ge\)3 \(\forall\)x => \(\frac{12}{x^2+3}\le4\forall x\)
=> \(1+\frac{12}{x^2+3}\le5\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 0
Vậy Max B = 5 khi x = 0
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0;x\ne1\)
\(A=\frac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{x+2\sqrt{x}-3}+\frac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{1-\sqrt{x}}-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(=\frac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\frac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}-1}-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(=\frac{15\sqrt{x}-11-\left(3\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)-3\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{15\sqrt{x}-11-3x-7\sqrt{x}+6-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-3x+5\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-3x+3\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-3\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)+2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(-3\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{-3\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
Để A nguyên thì \(\frac{-3\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\in z\)
\(\frac{-3\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}+3}=\frac{-3\sqrt{x}-9+11}{\sqrt{x}+3}=-3+\frac{11}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+3\inƯ\left(11\right)=\left(-11;-1;1;11\right)\)
* \(\sqrt{x}+3=-11\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=-14VN\)
* \(\sqrt{x}+3=-1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=-4VN\)
*\(\sqrt{x}+3=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=-2VN\)
*\(\sqrt{x}+3=11\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=8\Rightarrow x=64\)
a: \(P=\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}-1-\sqrt{x}+1}{x-1}\cdot\dfrac{4\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\cdot4\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{4}{x-1}\)
Để P nguyên dương thì x-1 thuộc {1;4;2}
=>x thuộc {2;5;3}
b: x+y+z=0
=>x=-y-z; y=-x-z; z=-x-y
\(P=\dfrac{x^2}{y^2+z^2-\left(y+z\right)^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{z^2+x^2-\left(x+z\right)^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{x^2+y^2-\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2}{-2yz}+\dfrac{y^2}{-2xz}+\dfrac{z^2}{-2xy}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3+y^3+z^3}{2xyz}\cdot\left(-1\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)}{2xyz}\)
\(=-\dfrac{\left(-z\right)^3+z^3-3xy\cdot\left(-z\right)}{2xyz}=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(x^2-1+\sqrt{143}=a\Leftrightarrow x^2-1=a-\sqrt{143}\)
\(\frac{1}{x^2-1}-\sqrt{143}=\frac{1}{a-\sqrt{143}}-\sqrt{143}=\frac{a+\sqrt{143}}{a^2-143}-\sqrt{143}\)
\(=\frac{a}{a^2-143}+\frac{\sqrt{143}}{a^2-143}-\sqrt{143}\)
Để \(\frac{1}{x^2-1}-\sqrt{143}\)là số nguyên thì \(\frac{\sqrt{143}}{a^2-143}-\sqrt{143}\)hữu tỉ suy ra \(\frac{1}{a^2-143}-1=0\Leftrightarrow a=\pm12\).
Từ đây suy ra giá trị của \(x\).