11. Cho 0,31g Na2O vào 100g H20 có dH20= 1g/ mol .Tính Cm dung dịch thu được sau phản ứng
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
b) PTHH: \(2NaOH+CuSO_4\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+Na_2SO_4\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=0,2\cdot2,5=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuSO4 còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Na_2SO_4}\\n_{CuSO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\cdot98=9,8\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4+0,2}\approx0,17\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{CuSO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,6}\approx0,67\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có : nNa \(=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\uparrow\)
a) Theo pt :\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Na}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b) Theo pt : \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=4,6+100-0,1.2=104,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{104,4}.100\%=7,66\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2
0,1---0,2-----0,1-----0,1
n Mg=0,1 mol
=>VH2=0,1.22,4=2,24l
C% HCl dư=\(\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{100}100\)=7,3%
=>C%MgCl2=\(\dfrac{0,1.95}{2,4+100-0,1.2}100=9,29\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{100.14,4\%}{100\%.40}=0,36mol\\
T=\dfrac{0,36}{0,28}\\
\Rightarrow1< T< 2\)
Phản ứng tạo 2 muối
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=a;n_{NaHCO_3}=b\\
2NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\\
NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow NaHCO_3\\
\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+b=0,36\\a+b=0,28\end{matrix}\right.\\
\Rightarrow a=0,08;b=0,2\\
C_{\%Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,08.106}{0,28.44+100}\cdot100\%=7,55\%\\
C_{\%NaHCO_3}=\dfrac{0,2.84}{0,28.44+100}\cdot100\%=14,96\%\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(C1:\\ n_{NaOH}=1.0,1=0,1mol\\ NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1mol\\ C_{M\left(NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\\ C2:\\ n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1mol\\ Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=0,2mol\\ C_{\%NaOH}=\dfrac{0,2.40}{100+6,2}\cdot100=7,53\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ n_{NaOH}=2.0,25=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ a,C_{MddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\\ b,2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4}=0,25.98=24,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5.100}{20}=122,5\left(g\right)\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}\approx107,456\left(ml\right)\\ c,V_{ddsau}=V_{ddNaOH}+V_{ddH_2SO_4}\approx0,5+0,107456=0,607456\left(l\right)\\C_{MddNa_2SO_4}\approx\dfrac{ 0,25}{0,607456}\approx0,411552\left(M\right)\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, \(Na_2O+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
b, Số mol \(H_2SO_4\) là: \(n_1=V.C_M=0,5.0,5=0,25\) (mol)
Số mol \(Na_2SO_4\) là \(n_2=\dfrac{28,4}{142}=0,2\) (mol)
Do \(n_2< n_1\) nên \(H_2SO_4\) còn dư
Suy ra số mol \(Na_2O\) tham gia phản ứng là: \(n=n_2=0,2\) (mol)
Khối lượng là: \(m_{Na_2O}=0,2.62=12,4g\)