Cho a, b là hai số dương thoả mãn \(a^2-b^2\ge0\). Chứng minh:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}=\sqrt{a+\sqrt{b}}\)
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27 tháng 4 2023
Với \(ab+bc+ca=1\) và a,b,c>0 ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\\\sqrt{b^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}\\\sqrt{c^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\). Do đó:
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{a^2+1}.\sqrt{b^2+1}}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}=a+b\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{\sqrt{b^2+1}.\sqrt{c^2+1}}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=b+c\) ; \(\dfrac{\sqrt{c^2+1}.\sqrt{a^2+1}}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}=c+a\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2=4\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge4.3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=4.3.1=12\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Vậy \(MinP=2\sqrt{3}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
19 tháng 4 2022
Đề bài sai
Đề đúng: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}+2\sqrt{a}+3}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
30 tháng 8 2021
\(VT=\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2b^2}{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2c^2}{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2c^2}{b\left(a+b+c\right)+ac}}\\ VT=\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2b^2}{ac+ab+bc+c^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2c^2}{a^2+ac+ab+bc}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2c^2}{ab+bc+b^2+ac}}\\ VT=\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2b^2}{\left(c+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2c^2}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2c^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{\dfrac{b^2c^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{bc}{a+b}+\dfrac{bc}{a+c}}{2}\\\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2c^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{ca}{a+b}+\dfrac{ca}{b+c}}{2}\\\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2b^2}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{ab}{b+c}+\dfrac{ab}{a+c}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{bc}{a+b}+\dfrac{ca}{a+b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{ca}{b+c}+\dfrac{ab}{b+c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{bc}{a+c}+\dfrac{ab}{a+c}\right)}{2}\\ \Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=\dfrac{2}{2}=1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
8 tháng 2 2022
Với mọi \(0< a< \dfrac{1}{2}\) ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{2a}-1\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow2a+1\ge2\sqrt{2a}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge2\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{a}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{a}}\ge2\sqrt{a}\)
Do đó:
\(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2a}}{2-a}=\dfrac{2-a+a+\sqrt{2a}}{2-a}=1+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{a}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{a}\right)}=1+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{a}}\ge1+\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{a}=2a+1\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2b}}{2-b}\ge2b+1\)
Cộng vế:
\(\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2a}}{2-a}+\dfrac{2+\sqrt{2b}}{2-b}\ge2a+1+2b+1=4\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
27 tháng 4 2021
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{a};\sqrt{b};\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(x^2;y^2;z^2\right)\) với \(x;y;z>0\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
Đặt vế trái của BĐT cần chứng minh là P
Ta có: \(P=\dfrac{1}{x^2+2y^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{y^2+2z^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{z^2+2x^2+3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+1\right)+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)+\left(z^2+1\right)+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)+2}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2xy+2y+2}+\dfrac{1}{2yz+2z+2}+\dfrac{1}{2zx+2x+2}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{xy+y+1}+\dfrac{1}{yz+z+1}+\dfrac{1}{zx+x+1}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{xy+y+1}+\dfrac{xyz}{yz+z+xyz}+\dfrac{y}{xyz+xy+y}\right)\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{xy+y+1}+\dfrac{xy}{y+1+xy}+\dfrac{y}{1+xy+y}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
\(\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}\right)^2\\ =\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a^2-b}+a-\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+\sqrt{a^2-b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{a^2-b}\right)}{4}}\\ =\dfrac{2a}{2}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2-a^2+b}{4}}\\ =a+2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{4}}=a+\dfrac{2\sqrt{b}}{2}=a+\sqrt{b}\\ \Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}=\sqrt{a+\sqrt{b}}\)