Kiểm tra bài : Nhân, chia số hữu tỉ
Thực hiện phép tính :
(1) \(-\frac{3}{2}.\frac{7}{10}=\frac{-3.7}{2.10}=\frac{-21}{20}\)
(2) \(\frac{-5}{3}.\frac{6}{11}=\frac{-5.6}{3.11}=\frac{-30}{33}\)
(3) \(2\frac{1}{3}.\left(-1\frac{2}{3}\right)=\frac{7}{3}.\left(-\frac{5}{3}\right)=\frac{7.\left(-5\right)}{3.3}=-\frac{35}{9}\)
(4) \(\frac{9}{10}:\left(-\frac{15}{11}\right)=\frac{9}{10}.\left(\frac{-11}{15}\right)=\frac{9.\left(-11\right)}{10.15}=-\frac{99}{150}=-\frac{33}{50}\)
(5) \(\left(-1\right):\frac{3}{8}=\frac{\left(-1\right).8}{3}=-\frac{8}{3}\)
(6) \(\frac{1}{2}.\left(-\frac{5}{4}\right).\frac{8}{7}=\frac{1.\left(-5\right)}{2.4}.\frac{8}{7}=-\frac{5}{8}.\frac{8}{7}=-\frac{5.8}{8.7}=-\frac{5}{7}\)
(7) \(\frac{-9}{2}.\frac{2}{18}.\frac{1}{7}=\left(-\frac{9}{2}.\frac{2}{18}\right).\frac{1}{7}=\left(-\frac{9.2}{2.18}\right).\frac{1}{7}=-\frac{18}{36}.\frac{1}{7}=-\frac{18.1}{36.7}=-\frac{1}{14}\)
(8) \(\left(\frac{9}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right).\frac{6}{17}=\left(\frac{27}{6}-\frac{2}{6}\right).\frac{6}{17}=\frac{27-2}{6}.\frac{6}{17}=\frac{25}{6}.\frac{6}{17}=\frac{25.6}{6.17}=\frac{25}{17}\)
(9) \(\left(-\frac{12}{13}:\frac{36}{39}\right).\frac{3}{5}=\left(-\frac{12}{13}.\frac{39}{36}\right).\frac{3}{5}=\left(\frac{-12.39}{13.36}\right).\frac{3}{5}=-\frac{1.3}{5}=-\frac{3}{5}\)
(10) \(\left(-\frac{3}{7}+\frac{7}{9}\right):\frac{4}{7}+\left(-\frac{4}{7}+\frac{2}{9}\right):\frac{4}{7}=\left(\left(-\frac{3}{7}+\frac{7}{9}\right)+\left(-\frac{4}{7}+\frac{2}{9}\right)\right):\frac{4}{7}\)
\(=\left(\left(-\frac{27}{63}+\frac{49}{63}\right)+\left(-\frac{36}{63}+\frac{14}{63}\right)\right):\frac{4}{7}=\left(\left(-\frac{27+49}{63}\right)+\left(\frac{-36+14}{63}\right)\right):\frac{4}{7}\)
\(=\left(\left(\frac{22}{63}\right)+\left(-\frac{22}{63}\right)\right):\frac{4}{7}\)
\(=\frac{22+\left(-22\right)}{63}:\frac{4}{7}=\frac{0}{63}:\frac{4}{7}=0\)
Mình đăng các bài toán này lên thứ nhất là để kiểm tra năng lực thứ hai các bạn có thể xem đây và rút ra lời giải cho các bài khác và nếu mình sai chỗ nào các bạn chỉ mình sẽ chỉnh
Bài 1:
\(a,22\frac{1}{2}.\frac{7}{9}+50\%-1,25\)
=\(\frac{45}{2}.\frac{7}{9}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{5}{4}\)
=\(\frac{35}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{5}{4}\)
=\(\frac{70}{4}+\frac{2}{4}-\frac{5}{4}\)
=\(\frac{67}{4}\)
\(b,1,4.\frac{15}{49}-\left(\frac{4}{5}+\frac{2}{3}\right):2\frac{1}{5}\)
=\(\frac{7}{5}.\frac{15}{49}-\left(\frac{12}{15}+\frac{10}{15}\right):\frac{11}{5}\)
=\(\frac{3}{7}-\frac{22}{15}.\frac{5}{11}\)
=\(\frac{3}{7}-\frac{2}{3}\)
=\(-\frac{5}{21}\)
\(c,125\%.\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2:\left(1\frac{5}{6}-1,6\right)+2016^0\)
=\(\frac{5}{4}.\frac{1}{4}:\left(\frac{11}{6}-\frac{8}{5}\right)+1\)
=\(\frac{5}{16}:\frac{7}{30}+1\)
=\(\frac{131}{56}\)
\(d,1,4.\frac{15}{49}-\left(20\%+\frac{2}{3}\right):2\frac{1}{5}\)
=\(\frac{7}{5}.\frac{15}{49}-\left(\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{3}\right):\frac{11}{5}\)
=\(\frac{3}{7}-\frac{13}{15}:\frac{11}{5}\)
=\(\frac{3}{7}-\frac{13}{33}\)
=\(\frac{8}{231}\)
Bài đ làm giống hệt như bài c
Bài 2 :
\(a,\left|\frac{3}{4}.x-\frac{1}{2}\right|=\frac{1}{4}\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{3}{4}.x-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\\\frac{3}{4}.x-\frac{1}{2}=-\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{3}{4}.x=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{4}\\\frac{3}{4}.x=-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3}{4}:\frac{3}{4}=1\\x=\frac{1}{4}:\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x ∈{1;\(\frac{1}{3}\)}
\(b,\frac{5}{3}.x-\frac{2}{5}.x=\frac{19}{10}\)
=>\(\frac{19}{15}.x=\frac{19}{10}\)
=>\(x=\frac{19}{10}:\frac{19}{15}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy x ∈ {\(\frac{3}{2}\)}
c,\(\left|2.x-\frac{1}{3}\right|=\frac{2}{9}\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2.x-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{2}{9}\\2.x-\frac{1}{3}=-\frac{2}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2.x=\frac{2}{9}+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{5}{9}\\2.x=-\frac{2}{9}+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{5}{9}:2=\frac{5}{18}\\x=\frac{1}{9}:2=\frac{1}{18}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy x∈{\(\frac{5}{18};\frac{1}{18}\)}
\(d,x-30\%.x=-1\frac{1}{5}\)
=\(70\%x=-\frac{6}{5}\)
=\(\frac{7}{10}.x=-\frac{6}{5}\)
=>\(x=-\frac{6}{5}:\frac{7}{10}=-\frac{12}{7}\)
Vậy x∈{\(-\frac{12}{7}\)}
Bài 2
a/
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{3}{4}.x-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\\\frac{3}{4}.x-\frac{1}{2}=-\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{3}{4}.x=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\\\frac{3}{4}.x=-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\frac{3}{4}.x=\frac{3}{4}\\\frac{3}{4}.x=\frac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{3}{4}:\frac{3}{4}\\x=\frac{1}{4}:\frac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\frac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=1\) hoặc \(x=\frac{1}{3}\)
b/ Đặt x làm thừa số chung rồi tính như bình thường
c/ Tương tự câu a
d/ Tương tự câu b