B = \(n^2-\left(n-1\right)+...+2^2-1^2\)
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AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
8 tháng 7 2018
Lời giải:
a) \(A=\left(\frac{1}{2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{3}-1\right)...\left(\frac{1}{n-1}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{n}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1-2}{2}.\frac{1-3}{3}.\frac{1-4}{4}...\frac{-(n-2)}{n-1}.\frac{-(n-1)}{n}\)
\(=\frac{(-1)(-2)(-3)...[-(n-2)][-(n-1)]}{2.3.4...(n-1)n}\)
\(=\frac{(-1)^{n-1}(1.2.3....(n-2)(n-1))}{2.3.4...(n-1)n}=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{1}{n}\)
b) \(B=\left(\frac{1}{2^2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-1\right)...\left(\frac{1}{n^2}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1-2^2}{2^2}.\frac{1-3^2}{3^2}.....\frac{1-n^2}{n^2}\)
\(=\frac{(-1)(2^2-1)}{2^2}.\frac{(-1)(3^2-1)}{3^2}....\frac{(-1)(n^2-1)}{n^2}\)
\(=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{(2^2-1)(3^2-1)...(n^2-1)}{2^2.3^2....n^2}\)
\(=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{(2-1)(2+1)(3-1)(3+1)...(n-1)(n+1)}{2^2.3^2....n^2}\)
\(=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{(2-1)(3-1)...(n-1)}{2.3...n}.\frac{(2+1)(3+1)...(n+1)}{2.3...n}\)
\(=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{1.2.3...(n-1)}{2.3...n}.\frac{3.4...(n+1)}{2.3.4...n}\)
\(=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{1}{n}.\frac{n+1}{2}=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{n+1}{2n}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
22 tháng 4 2022
Xét khai triển:
\(\left(1+x\right)^n=C_n^0+xC_n^1+x^2C_n^2+...+x^nC_n^n\)
Đạo hàm 2 vế:
\(n\left(1+x\right)^{n-1}=C_n^1+2xC_n^2+...+nx^{n-1}C_n^n\)
Tiếp tục đạo hàm 2 vế:
\(\left(n-1\right)n\left(1+x\right)^{n-2}=2C_n^2+2.3xC_n^3+...+\left(n-1\right)nx^{n-2}C_n^n\)
Thay \(x=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(n-1\right)n.2^{n-2}=1.2C_n^2+2.3C_n^3+...+\left(n-1\right)nC_n^n\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(n-1\right)n.2^{n-2}+n=C_n^1+1.2C_n^2+...+\left(n-1\right)n.C_n^n\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left(n-1\right)n.2^{n-2}+n\)
10 tháng 10 2021
\(1,\)
\(a,\) Sửa: \(A=10^n+72n-1⋮81\)
Với \(n=1\Leftrightarrow A=10+72-1=81⋮81\)
Giả sử \(n=k\Leftrightarrow A=10^k+72k-1⋮81\)
Với \(n=k+1\Leftrightarrow A=10^{k+1}+72\left(k+1\right)-1\)
\(A=10^k\cdot10+72k+72-1\\ A=10\left(10^k+72k-1\right)-648k+81\\ A=10\left(10^k+72k-1\right)-81\left(8k-1\right)\)
Ta có \(10^k+72k-1⋮81;81\left(8k-1\right)⋮81\)
Theo pp quy nạp
\(\Rightarrow A⋮81\)
\(b,B=2002^n-138n-1⋮207\)
Với \(n=1\Leftrightarrow B=2002-138-1=1863⋮207\)
Giả sử \(n=k\Leftrightarrow B=2002^k-138k-1⋮207\)
Với \(n=k+1\Leftrightarrow B=2002^{k+1}-138\left(k+1\right)-1\)
\(B=2002\cdot2002^k-138k-138-1\\ B=2002\left(2002^k-138k-1\right)+276138k+1863\\ B=2002\left(2002^k-138k-1\right)+207\left(1334k+1\right)\)
Vì \(2002^k-138k-1⋮207;207\left(1334k+1\right)⋮207\)
Nên theo pp quy nạp \(B⋮207,\forall n\)
10 tháng 10 2021
\(2,\)
\(a,\) Sửa đề: CMR: \(1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+n\left(n+1\right)=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{3}\)
Đặt \(S_n=1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+n\left(n+1\right)\)
Với \(n=1\Leftrightarrow S_1=1\cdot2=\dfrac{1\cdot2\cdot3}{3}=2\)
Giả sử \(n=k\Leftrightarrow S_k=1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+k\left(k+1\right)=\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{3}\)
Với \(n=k+1\)
Cần cm \(S_{k+1}=1\cdot2+2\cdot3+...+k\left(k+1\right)+\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(k+3\right)}{3}\)
Thật vậy, ta có:
\(\Leftrightarrow S_{k+1}=S_k+\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow S_{k+1}=\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{3}+\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow S_{k+1}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(k+3\right)}{3}\)
Theo pp quy nạp ta có đpcm
\(b,\) Với \(n=0\Leftrightarrow0^3=\left[\dfrac{0\left(0+1\right)}{2}\right]^2=0\)
Giả sử \(n=k\Leftrightarrow1^3+2^3+...+k^3=\left[\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)}{2}\right]^2\)
Với \(n=k+1\)
Cần cm \(1^3+2^3+...+k^3+\left(k+1\right)^3=\left[\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{2}\right]^2\)
Thật vậy, ta có
\(1^3+2^3+...+k^3+\left(k+1\right)^3\\ =\left[\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)}{2}\right]^2+\left(k+1\right)^3\\ =\dfrac{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2+4\left(k+1\right)^3}{4}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)^2\left(k^2+4k+4\right)}{4}\\ =\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)^2\left(k+2\right)^2}{4}=\left[\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{2}\right]^2\)
Theo pp quy nạp ta được đpcm
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
7 tháng 2 2021
\(a=\lim4^n\left(1-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^n\right)=+\infty.1=+\infty\)
\(b=\lim\left(4^n+2.2^n+1-4^n\right)=\lim2^n\left(2+\dfrac{1}{2^n}\right)=+\infty.2=+\infty\)
\(c=limn^3\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{n}-\dfrac{3}{n^4}+\dfrac{11}{n^6}}-1\right)=+\infty.\left(-1\right)=-\infty\)
\(d=\lim n\left(\sqrt{2+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}-\sqrt{3-\dfrac{1}{n^2}}\right)=+\infty\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)=-\infty\)
\(e=\lim\dfrac{3n\sqrt{n}+1}{\sqrt{n^2+3n\sqrt{n}+1}+n}=\lim\dfrac{3\sqrt{n}+\dfrac{1}{n}}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{n}}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}+1}=\dfrac{+\infty}{2}=+\infty\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
20 tháng 1 2021
\(a=\lim\sqrt{n^3}\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{n^3}+\dfrac{2}{n^2}-1}=\infty.\left(-1\right)=-\infty\)
\(b=\lim\left(\sqrt{n^2+2n+3}-n+n-\sqrt[3]{n^2+n^3}\right)\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{2n+3}{\sqrt{n^2+2n+3}+n}+\lim\dfrac{-n^2}{n^2+n\sqrt[3]{n^2+n^3}+\sqrt[3]{\left(n^2+n^3\right)^2}}\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{2+\dfrac{3}{n}}{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{2}{n}+\dfrac{3}{n^2}}+1}+\lim\dfrac{-1}{1+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{n}+1}+\sqrt[3]{\left(\dfrac{1}{n}+1\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(c=\lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{n}}+\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}+\dfrac{3}{n}\right)}{\left(1+\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{2}{n}\right)}=\dfrac{0.0}{1.1}=0\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
20 tháng 1 2021
\(d=\lim\dfrac{4-3\left(\dfrac{2}{4}\right)^n}{9.\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^n+\left(\dfrac{2}{4}\right)^n}=\dfrac{4}{0}=+\infty\)
\(e=\lim\dfrac{7-25\left(\dfrac{5}{7}\right)^n+3.\left(\dfrac{1}{7}\right)^n}{12.\left(\dfrac{6}{7}\right)^n-\left(\dfrac{3}{7}\right)^n+3\left(\dfrac{1}{7}\right)^n}=\dfrac{7}{0}=+\infty\)
\(f=\lim\dfrac{n^4-4n^6}{n\left(\sqrt{n^4+1}+\sqrt{4n^6+1}\right)}=\lim\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{n^2}-6}{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{n^6}+\dfrac{1}{n^{10}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{n^4}+\dfrac{1}{n^{10}}}}=\dfrac{-6}{0}=-\infty\)
23 tháng 8 2018
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{3}-1\right)...\left(\frac{1}{2002}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{2003}-1\right)\)
\(=\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(-\frac{2}{3}\right)...\left(-\frac{2001}{2002}\right)\left(-\frac{2002}{2003}\right)\)
\(=\frac{-1.\left(-2\right).....\left(-2001\right)\left(-2002\right)}{2.3....2002.2003}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2003}\)
Với n là STN chẵn nữa nhé
Sửa đề: Tính \(B=n^2-\left(n-1\right)^2+...+2^2-1^2\)
Ta có: \(k^2-\left(k-1\right)^2=\left(k-k+1\right)\left(k+k-1\right)=\left(2k-1\right)\)
Do vậy: \(B=\left(2n-1\right)+...+\left(2.2-1\right)\)
\(=3+5+...+\left(2n-1\right)\) (viết thêm số 5 vô cho dễ nhìn :V)
Tức là ta cần tính tổng các số lẻ từ 3 đến (2n - 1)
Do mỗi số lẻ cách nhau 2 đơn vị nên dãy số trên có số số hạng là: \(\frac{\left(\left(2n-1\right)-3\right)}{2}+1=\frac{2n-4}{2}=\frac{2\left(n-2\right)}{2}=n-2\)
Suy ra \(B=\frac{\left(n-2\right)\left(2n-1+3\right)}{2}=\frac{\left(n-2\right)\left(2n+2\right)}{2}=\frac{2\left(n-2\right)\left(n+1\right)}{2}=\left(n-2\right)\left(n+1\right)\)
P/s: Không chắc đâu ạ!