Cho \(a\ge1,b\ge1.\)Chứng minh rằng \(\frac{1+ab}{1+a^2}+\frac{1+ab}{1+b^2}\ge2\)
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xét hiệu \(\frac{1}{1+a^2}-\frac{1}{1+ab}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}-\frac{1}{1+ab}\)
quy đồng làm nốt nha
\(\frac{1}{\left(1+a^2\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(1+b^2\right)}>=\frac{2}{\left(1+ab\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+a^2\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(1+b^2\right)}-\frac{2}{\left(1+ab\right)}>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\frac{1}{\left(1+a^2\right)}-\frac{1}{\left(1+ab\right)}\right]+\left[\frac{1}{\left(1+b^2\right)}-\frac{1}{\left(1+ab\right)}\right]>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\frac{a\left(b-c\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\right]+\left[\frac{b\left(a-b\right)}{\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\right]>=0\)
\(\frac{\left[a\left(b-a\right)\left(1+b^2\right)-b\left(b-a\right)\left(1+a^2\right)\right]}{\left[\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)^2\right]}>=0\)
\(\frac{\left[\left(b-a\right)\left(a+ab^2-b+ba^2\right)\right]}{\left[\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)^2\right]}>=0\)
\(\frac{\left[\left(b-a\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)+ab\left(b-a\right)\right]\right]}{\left[\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)^2\right]}>=0\)
\(\frac{\left[\left(b-a\right)^2\left(ab-1\right)\right]}{\left[\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)^2\right]}>=0\left(1\right)\)
Mẫu số luôn lớn hơn 1
\(\left(b-a\right)^2>=0\) voi moi a,b
Vì a,b >=1 nên ( ab-1) > = 0
Nên (1) dụng
a/ Đề sai, đề đúng phải là \(p=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{2+a^2b}+\frac{2}{2+b^2c}+\frac{2}{2+c^2a}\ge2\)
\(VT=1-\frac{a^2b}{1+1+a^2b}+1-\frac{b^2c}{1+1+b^2c}+1-\frac{c^2a}{1+1+c^2a}\)
\(VT\ge3-\left(\frac{a^2b}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2b}}+\frac{b^2c}{3\sqrt[3]{b^2c}}+\frac{c^2a}{3\sqrt[3]{c^2a}}\right)\)
\(VT\ge3-\frac{1}{9}\left(3\sqrt[3]{a^2.ab.ab}+3\sqrt[3]{b^2.bc.bc}+3\sqrt[3]{c^2.ca.ca}\right)\)
\(VT\ge3-\frac{1}{9}\left(a^2+2ab+b^2+2bc+c^2+2ca\right)\)
\(VT\ge3-\frac{1}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=2\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Bạn cần biết \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\) (nếu bạn chưa biết thì xét hiệu)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{1+a^2+1+b^2}\)
\(=\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+2}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{2ab+2}=\frac{2}{ab+1}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
\(a+b+c=0\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=-\left(b+c\right)\\b=-\left(a+c\right)\\c=-\left(a+b\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=b^2+2bc+c^2\\b^2=a^2+2ac+c^2\\c^2=a^2+2ab+b^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b^2+c^2-a^2=-2bc\\a^2+c^2-b^2=-2ac\\a^2+b^2-c^2=-2ab\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow P=\frac{1}{-2bc}+\frac{1}{-2ac}+\frac{1}{-2ab}=\frac{a+b+c}{-2abc}=0\)
a) \(P=\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2-c^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+c^2-b^2}\) ( Sửa đề )
\(P=\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^2-2ab-a^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab-c^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+c\right)^2-2ac-b^2}\)
Vì a + b + c = 0
Nên a + b = -c
=> ( a + b )2 = (-c)2 = c2
Tương tự: ( b + c )2 = a2 và ( a + c )2 = b2
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{1}{a^2-2bc-a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2-2ab-c^2}+\frac{1}{b^2-2ac-b^2}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{-2bc}+\frac{1}{-2ab}+\frac{1}{-2ac}\)
\(P=\frac{a+b+c}{-2abc}=\frac{0}{-2abc}=0\)
1. Ta có : \(\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}< \frac{a}{a+b+c}< \frac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}< \frac{b}{b+c+d}< \frac{a+b}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}< \frac{c}{a+c+d}< \frac{b+c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}< \frac{d}{a+b+d}< \frac{c+d}{a+b+c+d}\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta được :
\(1< \frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}< 2\) ( đpcm )
2. Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô - si cho 2 số ko âm b-1 và 1 ta có :
\(\sqrt{\left(b-1\right)\cdot1}\le\frac{\left(b-1\right)+1}{2}=\frac{b}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> b - 1 = 1 <=> b = 2
\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{b-1}=a\sqrt{\left(b-1\right)\cdot1}\le a\cdot\frac{b}{2}=\frac{ab}{2}\)
Tương tự ta có : \(b\sqrt{a-1}\le\frac{ab}{2}\) Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = 2
Do đó : \(a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}\le\frac{ab}{2}+\frac{ab}{2}=ab\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = 2
Cách khác:
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{1+a^2}-\frac{1}{1+ab}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{1+b^2}-\frac{1}{1+ab}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a\left(b-a\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}+\frac{b\left(a-b\right)}{\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left[b\left(1+a^2\right)-a\left(1+b^2\right)\right]}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(ab-1\right)}{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\ge0\) (luôn đúng).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2+a^2+b^2\right)\left(1+ab\right)\ge2\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2+2ab+a^2+b^2+ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge2+2a^2+2b^2+2a^2b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)-\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab-1\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng với mọi \(a\ge1;b\ge1\))
Ta có: \(\frac{1+ab}{1+a^2}+\frac{1+ab}{1+b^2}=\left(1+ab\right)\left(\frac{1}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}\right)\)
mà \(\frac{1}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}\ge\frac{4}{2+a^2+b^2}\)( Áp dụng BĐT phụ \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\))
Mặt khác: \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
=> \(\frac{1}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}\ge\frac{4}{2+2ab}=\frac{2}{1+ab}\)
=> \(\left(1+ab\right)\left(\frac{1}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}\right)\ge\left(1+ab\right)\left(\frac{2}{1+ab}\right)=2\)(đpcm)