Cho cotα=2. Giá trị của biểu thức P=\(\frac{sin\alpha+cos\alpha}{sin\alpha—cos\alpha}\)
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\(cot\alpha=\dfrac{1}{2}tacó:\)
\(cot\alpha=\dfrac{cos\alpha}{sin\alpha}\)
\(A=\dfrac{4sin\alpha+5cos\alpha}{2sin\alpha-3cos\alpha}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{4sin\alpha}{sin\alpha}+\dfrac{5cos\alpha}{sin\alpha}}{\dfrac{2sin\alpha}{sin\alpha}-\dfrac{3cos\alpha}{sin\alpha}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{4+5cot\alpha}{2-3cot\alpha}\)
\(A=\dfrac{4+5\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)}{2-3\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)}\)
\(A=13\)
Lời giải:
\(M=\frac{\frac{\sin a}{\cos a}+1}{\frac{\sin a}{\cos a}-1}=\frac{\tan a+1}{\tan a-1}=\frac{\frac{3}{5}+1}{\frac{3}{5}-1}=-4\)
\(N = \frac{\frac{\sin a\cos a}{\cos ^2a}}{\frac{\sin ^2a-\cos ^2a}{\cos ^2a}}=\frac{\frac{\sin a}{\cos a}}{(\frac{\sin a}{\cos a})^2-1}=\frac{\tan a}{\tan ^2a-1}=\frac{\frac{3}{5}}{\frac{3^2}{5^2}-1}=\frac{-15}{16}\)
a/ \(A=\frac{cot^2a-cos^2a}{cot^2a}-\frac{sina.cosa}{cota}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{cos^2a}{sin^2a}-cos^2a}{\frac{cos^2a}{sin^2a}}-\frac{sina.cosa}{\frac{cosa}{sina}}\)
\(=\left(1-sin^2a\right)-sin^2a=1\)
b/ \(B=\left(cosa-sina\right)^2+\left(cosa+sina\right)^2+cos^4a-sin^4a-2cos^2a\)
\(=cos^2a-2cosa.sina+sin^2a+cos^2a+2cosa.sina+sin^2a+\left(cos^2a+sin^2a\right)\left(cos^2a-sin^2a\right)-2cos^2a\)
\(=2+\left(cos^2a-sin^2a\right)-2cos^2a\)
\(=2-sin^2a-cos^2a=2-1=1\)
\(A=\dfrac{4\sin\alpha+5\cos\alpha}{2\sin\alpha-3\cos\alpha}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{4\sin\alpha}{\sin\alpha}+\dfrac{5\cos\alpha}{\sin\alpha}}{\dfrac{2\sin\alpha}{\sin\alpha}-\dfrac{3\cos\alpha}{\sin\alpha}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{4+5\cot\alpha}{2-3\cot\alpha}\)
Thay cot α= \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) vào A, ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{4+5\times\dfrac{1}{2}}{2-3\times\dfrac{1}{2}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{4+\dfrac{5}{2}}{2-\dfrac{3}{2}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{13}{\dfrac{2}{\dfrac{1}{2}}}\)
A=13
\(P=\dfrac{2sin\alpha-3cos\alpha}{3sin\alpha+2cos\alpha}\\ =\dfrac{\dfrac{2sin\alpha}{cos\alpha}-\dfrac{3cos\alpha}{cos\alpha}}{\dfrac{3sin\alpha}{cos\alpha}+\dfrac{2cos\alpha}{cos\alpha}}\\ =\dfrac{2tan\alpha-3}{3tan\alpha+2}=\dfrac{2.3-3}{3.3+2}=\dfrac{3}{11}\)
Ta có: \(1 + {\tan ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }}\quad (\alpha \ne {90^o})\)
\( \Rightarrow \frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}\alpha }} = 1 + {3^2} = 10\)
\( \Leftrightarrow {\cos ^2}\alpha = \frac{1}{{10}} \Leftrightarrow \cos \alpha = \pm \frac{{\sqrt {10} }}{{10}}\)
Vì \({0^o} < \alpha < {180^o}\) nên \(\sin \alpha > 0\).
Mà \(\tan \alpha = 3 > 0 \Rightarrow \cos \alpha > 0 \Rightarrow \cos \alpha = \frac{{\sqrt {10} }}{{10}}\)
Lại có: \(\sin \alpha = \cos \alpha .\tan \alpha = \frac{{\sqrt {10} }}{{10}}.3 = \frac{{3\sqrt {10} }}{{10}}.\)
\( \Rightarrow P = \dfrac{{2.\frac{{3\sqrt {10} }}{{10}} - 3.\frac{{\sqrt {10} }}{{10}}}}{{3.\frac{{3\sqrt {10} }}{{10}} + 2.\frac{{\sqrt {10} }}{{10}}}} = \dfrac{{\frac{{\sqrt {10} }}{{10}}\left( {2.3 - 3} \right)}}{{\frac{{\sqrt {10} }}{{10}}\left( {3.3 + 2} \right)}} = \dfrac{3}{{11}}.\)
\(\frac{1}{cos^2a}=1+tan^2a\Rightarrow cos^2a=\frac{1}{1+tan^2a}=\frac{1}{10}\)
a/ \(\frac{sina-cosa}{sina+cosa}=\frac{\frac{sina}{cosa}-\frac{cosa}{cosa}}{\frac{sina}{cosa}+\frac{cosa}{cosa}}=\frac{tana-1}{tana+1}=\frac{3-1}{3+1}\)
b/ \(\frac{2sina+3cosa}{3sina-5cosa}=\frac{3tana+3}{3tana-5}=\frac{3.3+3}{3.3-5}\)
c/ \(\frac{1+2cos^2a}{1-cos^2a-cos^2a}=\frac{1+2cos^2a}{1-2cos^2a}=\frac{1+2.\frac{1}{10}}{1-2.\frac{1}{10}}\)
d/ \(\frac{\left(1-cos^2a\right)^2+\left(cos^2a\right)^2}{1+1-cos^2a}=\frac{\left(1-\frac{1}{10}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{10}\right)^2}{2-\frac{1}{10}}\)
Do \(90< a< 180\Rightarrow cosa< 0\Rightarrow tana< 0\Rightarrow\) đề bài sai do tana không thể bằng 3
Nhưng kệ cứ tính thì:
Chia cả tử và mẫu của A cho \(cos^3a\) và lưu ý \(\frac{1}{cos^2a}=1+tan^2a\)
\(A=\frac{tana.\frac{1}{cos^2a}+tan^2a+1}{tan^3a-tana-1}=\frac{tana\left(1+tan^2a\right)+tan^2a+1}{tan^3a-tana-1}\)
Tới đây thay số vào và bấm máy là xong
Ta có: \(A = 2{\sin ^2}\alpha + 5{\cos ^2}\alpha = 2({\sin ^2}\alpha + {\cos ^2}\alpha ) + 3{\cos ^2}\alpha \)
Mà \({\cos ^2}\alpha + {\sin ^2}\alpha = 1;\cos \alpha = - \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}.\)
\( \Rightarrow A = 2 + 3.{\left( { - \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}} \right)^2} = 2 + 3.\frac{1}{2} = \frac{7}{2}.\)
\(P=\frac{sina+cosa}{sina-cosa}=\frac{\frac{sina}{sina}+\frac{cosa}{sina}}{\frac{sina}{sina}-\frac{cosa}{sina}}=\frac{1+cota}{1-cota}=\frac{1+2}{1-2}=-3\)