cho 2c/a = b+c/a+c. Tính A= ab+2bc+3ca
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1.
\(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{\left(a+2b\right)^2+\left(b+2c\right)^2+\left(c+2a\right)^2}{\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(b-2c\right)^2+\left(c-2a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2+4b^2+4ab+b^2+4c^2+4bc+c^2+4a^2+4ca}{a^2+4b^2-4ab+b^2+4c^2-4bc+c^2+4a^2-4ca}\)
\(=\dfrac{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{-10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-6}{-14}=\dfrac{3}{7}\)
b.
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right)-3abc\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab+2bc+3ca}{3a^2+4b^2+5c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+2a^2+3a^2}{3a^2+4a^2+5a^2}=\dfrac{6}{12}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Tìm MAX thì được ,
ta có a+b+c=1 suy ra b+c=1-a;a+b=1-c
S=ab+2bc+3ca=ab+ac+2bc+2ca=a(b+c)+2c(b+a)=a(1-a)+2c(1-c)=3/4-[(a-1/2)^2+2(c-1/2)^2]<=3/4
Dấu "=" có khi a=c=1/2;b=0
Ta có : a + b + c = 0
\( \implies\) b + c = - a ; a + b = - c
Ta có : ab + 2bc + 3ca
= ab + 2bc + ca + 2ca
= ( ab + ca ) + ( 2bc + 2ca )
= a ( b + c ) + 2c ( a + b )
= a ( - a ) + 2c ( - c )
= - a2 - 2c2
= - ( a2 + 2c2 ) ( * )
Mà : a2 \(\geq\) 0 ; 2c2 \(\geq\) 0
\( \implies\) a2 + 2c2 \(\geq\) 0 ( ** )
Từ ( * ) ; ( ** )
\( \implies\) - ( a2 + 2c2 ) \(\leq\) 0
\( \implies\) ab + 2bc + 3ca \(\leq\) 0
Ta có: a + b + c = 0 nên suy ra: b = – (a + c) thay vào biểu thức:
ab + 2bc + 3ca = -a.(a + c) – 2c.(a + c) + 3ac = -a² – ac – 2ac – 2c² + 3ac = – (a² + 2c²) ≤ 0 (đpcm).
hok tôts
\(ab+2bc+3ac\)
\(=\left(ab+ac\right)+\left(2bc+2ac\right)\)
\(=a\left(b+c\right)+2c\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=-a^2-2c^2\le0\)
Ta có : a + b + c = 0
\( \implies\) b + c = - a ; a + b = - c
Ta có : ab + 2bc + 3ca
= ab + 2bc + ca + 2ca
= ( ab + ca ) + ( 2bc + 2ca )
= a ( b + c ) + 2c ( a + b )
= a ( - a ) + 2c ( - c )
= - a2 - 2c2
= - ( a2 + 2c2 ) ( * )
Mà : a2 \(\geq\) 0 ; 2c2 \(\geq\) 0
\( \implies\) a2 + 2c2 \(\geq\) 0 ( ** )
Từ ( * ) ; ( ** )
\( \implies\) - ( a2 + 2c2 ) \(\leq\) 0
\( \implies\) ab + 2bc + 3ca \(\leq\) 0