công thức giúp mình với
Mệnh đề quan hệ (mệnh đề tính từ) dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước. Mệnh đề quan hệ được bắt đầu bằng các quan hệ từ:
a) Đại từ quan hệ (relative pronouns): Who, Whom, Which, Whose, That
1. WHO:
+ làm chủ từ (S) trong mệnh đề quan hệ
+ thay thế cho danh từ / đại từ chỉ người
Example:
Mary is a girl. She is wearing a red hat.
" Mary is the girl who is wearing a red hat.
2. WHICH:
+ làm chủ từ (S) hoặc túc từ (O) trong MĐQH
+ thay thế cho danh từ / đại từ chỉ vật
Example:
a. The bike is very nice. I bought it last week.
" The bike which I bought last week is very nice.
b. The book is mine. The book is on the table.
" The book which is on the table is mine.
3. WHOM:
+ làm túc từ (O) trong MĐQH
+ thay thế cho danh từ/đại từ chỉ người
Example:
Do you know the woman? I saw the woman on TV last night.
" Do you know the woman whom I saw on TV last night.
4. WHOSE:
+ chỉ sở hữu, dùng cho người hoặc vật
Example: The man is very kind. I borrowed his pen.
" The man whose pen I borrowed is very kind.
+ thay thế cho: - sở hữu tính từ (my, your, our, their, his, her, its)
- sở hữu cách (N's)
- cấu trúc: of + N
+ sau WHOSE luôn luôn là danh từ (N)
5. THAT:
+ thay thế cho WHO, WHOM, WHICH
+ bắt buộc dùng THAT khi trước đó có 1 số từ: a few, a little, the only, the first, the last, cụm từ vừa có người lẫn vật (the man and the animals), so sánh nhất …
b) Trạng từ quan hệ (relative adverbs): When, Where, Why
1. WHEN: + đứng sau danh từ chỉ thời gian: time, holiday, …
+ Dùng “when” thì bỏ cụm trạng từ chỉ thời gian (at that time, then…)
Example: Do you remember the time? We met each other at that time.
" Do you remember the time when we met each other?
2. WHERE: + đứng sau danh từ chỉ nơi chốn: place, house, city, country …
+ Dùng “where” thì bỏ cụm trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn (in that place, in that city, there…)
Example: The house is very old. He was born and gew up in that house.
" The house where was born and gew up is very old.
3. WHY: + đứng sau danh từ chỉ lý do: reason, cause …
+ Dùng “why” thì bỏ cụm trạng từ chỉ lý do: for that reason
A woman's jewels were stolen.A police officer was staying in the same hotel.The woman was interviewed by him.
=>The woman whose jewels were stolen was interviewed by him who was staying in the same hotel.
A goal was score by a teenager.He had come on as a substitute.The goal won the match.
=>The goal which was scored by a teenager who had come one as substitute won the match.
My wallet contained $100.It was found in the street by a boy.He returned it.
=>My wallet which contained over 100 Fr, was found in the street by a schoolboy who returned it.
I got on a train.I wanted to go to a station.The train đin't stop there.
=>The train i got didn't stop at the station which i wanted to go to
The ship hit an icebeg and sank.Warning messages had been sent to it.The ship ignored these.
=>The ship which ignored the warning messages had been sent to, hit an iceberg and sank