Tính giá trị biểu thức sau
a) A = x5 - 5x4 + 5x3 - 5x2 + 5x -1 tại x = 4
b) B = x2006 - 8x2005 + 8x2004 - .... + 8x2 - 8x -5 tại x = 7
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\(x=7\Rightarrow8=x+1\left(1\right)\)
Thay \(1\) vào \(F\) ta có:
\(F=x^{2006}-\left(x+1\right)^{2005}+\left(x+1\right)^{2004}-...+\left(x+1\right)x^2-\left(x+1\right)x-5\)
\(F=x^{2006}-x^{2006}-x^{2005}+x^{2005}+x^{2004}-...+x^3+x^2-x^2-x-5\)
\(F=-7-5\)
\(\Rightarrow F=-12\)
x=4
=>x+1=5
A=(x+1)x^5 -(x+1)x^4+(x+1)x^3-(x+1)x^2+(x+1)x-1
=x^6+x^5-x^5-x^4+x^4+x^3-x^3-x^2+x^2-x+1
=x^6-x-1
=4^6-4-1
=4091
\(a,A=5\cdot4^5-5\cdot4^4+5\cdot4^3-5\cdot4^2+5\cdot4+1\\ A=4^4\left(20-5\right)+4^2\left(20-5\right)+\left(20-5\right)\\ A=15\left(4^4+4^2+1\right)=15\cdot273=4095\)
\(b,x=7\Leftrightarrow x+1=8\\ \Leftrightarrow B=x^{2006}-\left(x+1\right)x^{2005}+\left(x+1\right)x^{2004}-...+\left(x+1\right)x^2-\left(x+1\right)x-5\\ B=x^{2006}-x^{2006}-x^{2005}+x^{2005}+x^{2004}-...+x^3+x^2-x^2-x-5\\ B=-x-5=-12\)
Thay x = 4 vào A ta được:
5.4⁵ - 5.4⁴ + 5.4³ - 5.4² + 5.4 - 1
= 5.1024 - 5.256 + 5.64 - 5.16 + 5.4 - 1
= 5120 - 1280 + 320 - 80 + 20 - 1
= 4099
\(A=x^5-5x^4+5x^3-5x^2+5x\)
\(=x^5-\left(x+1\right)x^4+\left(x+1\right)x^3-\left(x+1\right)x^2+\left(x+1\right)x\)
\(=x^5-x^5-x^4+x^4+x^3-x^3-x^2+x^2+x\)
\(=x\)
\(=4\)
Bài 4.
a) 3xy2 - 45x2y = 3xy( y - 15x )
b) 25y2 - 4x2 + 4x - 1
= 25y2 - ( 4x2 - 4x + 1 )
= ( 5y )2 - ( 2x - 1 )2
= ( 5y - 2x + 1 )( 5y + 2x - 1 )
c) x2 - 5x + xy - 5y
= x( x - 5 ) + y( x - 5 )
= ( x - 5 )( x + y )
d) x2 - 8x - 33
= x2 + 3x - 11x - 33
= x( x + 3 ) - 11( x + 3 )
= ( x + 3 )( x - 11 )
Bài 5.
a) A = ( x - 2 )3 - x2( x - 4 ) + 8
= x3 - 6x2 + 12x - 8 - x3 + 4x2 + 8
= -2x2 + 12x
B = ( x2 - 6x + 9 ) : ( x - 3 ) - x( x + 7 ) - 9
= ( x - 3 )2 : ( x - 3 ) - x2 - 7x - 9
= x - 3 - x2 - 7x - 9
= -x2 - 6x - 12
b) Với x = -1 thì A = -2.(-1)2 + 12.(-1) = -2 - 12 = -14
a)
\(P=\left(x^{14}-9x^{13}\right)-\left(x^{13}-9x^{12}\right)+\left(x^{12}-9x^{11}\right)-...+\left(x^2-9x\right)-\left(x-9\right)+1\)
\(=x^{13}\left(x-9\right)-x^{12}\left(x-9\right)+x^{11}\left(x-9\right)+...+x\left(x-9\right)-\left(x-9\right)+1\)
\(P\left(9\right)=1\)
b)
\(Q=\left(x^{15}-7x^{14}\right)-\left(x^{14}-7x^{13}\right)+\left(x^{13}-7x^{12}\right)-...-\left(x^2-7x\right)+\left(x-7\right)+2\)
\(=x^{14}\left(x-7\right)-x^{13}\left(x-7\right)+x^{12}\left(x-7\right)-...-x\left(x-7\right)+\left(x-7\right)+2\)
\(Q\left(7\right)=2\)
\(A=x^5-5x^4+5x^3-5x^2+5x-1\)
\(=x^5-\left(x+1\right)x^4+\left(x+1\right)x^3-\left(x+1\right)x^2+\left(x+1\right)x-x+3\)
\(=x^5-x^5-x^4+x^4+x^3-x^3-x^2+x^2+x-x+3\)
\(=3\)
Ta có :
\(A=x^5-5x^4+5x^3-5x^2+5x-1\)
\(A=x^5-\left(x+1\right)x^4+\left(x+1\right)x^3-\left(x+1\right)x^2+\left(x+1\right)x-x+3\)\(A=x^5-x^5+x^4-x^4+x^3-x^3+x^2-x^2+x-x+3\)
\(A=3\)
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