Chứng minh rằng:
\(\sqrt{2000}-2\sqrt{2001}+\sqrt{2002}< 0\)
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Ta có:
\(\sqrt{2002}-\sqrt{2001}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2002}+\sqrt{2001}}\)
\(\sqrt{2001}-\sqrt{2000}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2001}+\sqrt{2000}}\)
Do \(\sqrt{2002}+\sqrt{2001}>\sqrt{2001}+\sqrt{2000}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2002}+\sqrt{2001}}< \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2001}+\sqrt{2000}}\)
hay \(\sqrt{2002}-\sqrt{2001}\) < \(\sqrt{2001}-\sqrt{2000}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2002}-2\sqrt{2001}+\sqrt{2000}< 0\) (đpcm)
Xét với n là số tự nhiên không nhỏ hơn 1
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Áp dụng điều trên ta có
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{2002\sqrt{2001}+2001\sqrt{2002}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2001}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2002}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2002}}< 1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2025}}=1-\frac{1}{45}=\frac{44}{45}\)
ta chứng minh công thức tổng quát sau
\(\frac{1}{\left[n+1\right]\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\left[n+1\right]}\left[\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right]}\)
=\(\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left[n+1\right]}\left[n+1-n\right]}=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left[n+1\right]}}\)
=\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
ta có \(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
........
\(\frac{1}{2002\sqrt{2001}+2001\sqrt{2002}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2001}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2002}}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+..+\frac{1}{2002\sqrt{2001}+2001\sqrt{2002}}\)
=\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2001}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2002}}\)
=\(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2002}}< \frac{44}{45}\)
c/m \(\sqrt{a+n}+\sqrt{a-n}< 2\sqrt{a}\)
\(\left(\sqrt{a+n}+\sqrt{a-n}\right)^2< \left(2\sqrt{a}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+n+a-n+2\sqrt{a^2-n^2}< 4a\)
\(2a+2\sqrt{a^2-n^2}< 2a+2\sqrt{a^2}\)
\(2a+2\sqrt{a^2-n^2}< 4a\)
=>\(\sqrt{2001-1}+\sqrt{2001+1}< 2\sqrt{2001}\)
nên\(\sqrt{2000}-2\sqrt{2001}+\sqrt{2002}< 0\left(đpcm\right)\)