cho a,b>0 vs a+b=2
tìm min P=\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}\)
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ab=1
⇒ \(a=\dfrac{1}{b}\)
⇒ \(a^2=\dfrac{1}{b^2}\)
Thay vào P:
\(P=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{b^2}}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{2}{\dfrac{1}{b^2}+b^2}\)
\(=\left(b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)+\dfrac{2}{b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô Si cho 2 số dương
⇒ \(P\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\left(b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right).\dfrac{2}{b^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}}}\)
\(=2\sqrt{2}\)
Min P= \(2\sqrt{2}\) ⇔ \(b^2=\dfrac{1}{b^2}\) ⇔b=1
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}+\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}\)
\(=(a+1)-\frac{b^2(a+1)}{b^2+1}+(b+1)-\frac{c^2(b+1)}{c^2+1}+(c+1)-\frac{a^2(c+1)}{a^2+1}\)
\(=(a+b+c+3)-\underbrace{\left(\frac{b^2(a+1)}{b^2+1}+\frac{c^2(b+1)}{c^2+1}+\frac{a^2(c+1)}{a^2+1}\right)}_{M}\)
\(=6-\underbrace{\left(\frac{b^2(a+1)}{b^2+1}+\frac{c^2(b+1)}{c^2+1}+\frac{a^2(c+1)}{a^2+1}\right)}_{M}(*)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(M\leq \frac{b^2(a+1)}{2b}+\frac{c^2(b+1)}{2c}+\frac{a^2(c+1)}{2a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\leq \frac{a+b+c+ab+bc+ac}{2}=\frac{3+ab+bc+ac}{2}\)
Theo hệ quả quen thuộc của BĐT AM-GM:
\(3(ab+bc+ac)\leq (a+b+c)^2=9\Rightarrow ab+bc+ac\leq 3\)
Do đó: \(M\leq \frac{3+3}{2}=3(**)\)
Từ \((*); (**)\Rightarrow A\geq 6-3=3\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=3\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT :
\(\dfrac{a^{^2}}{x}+\dfrac{b^{^2}}{y}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)}\) (Bạn tự chứng minh nhé)
\(F=\dfrac{a^2}{a+1}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+1+b+1}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow F=\dfrac{a^2}{a+1}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+1}\ge\dfrac{2^2}{2+2}=1\)
Vậy \(Min\left(F\right)=1\)
1a)\(a^2+b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)(1)
Lại có:\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\) đúng\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
1b)\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{2}+\dfrac{b^2}{2}+\dfrac{c^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{1}{6}\)(2)
Lại có:\(\dfrac{a^2}{2}+\dfrac{b^2}{2}+\dfrac{c^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{6}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2\right)\) đúng\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
2b)Ta có:\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)(bđt phụ)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca\le\dfrac{4^2}{3}=\dfrac{16}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow MAXA=\dfrac{16}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Ta có:\(A=\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2ab}+\dfrac{1}{2ab}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}\)
\(A\ge\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}+\dfrac{4}{a^2+2ab+b^2}\)
\(A\ge2+4=6\)
"="<=>a=b=0,5
Vậy MINA=6<=>a=b=0,5
\(1,\text{Áp dụng Mincopxki: }\\ Q\ge\sqrt{\left(a+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{2^2+2^2}=\sqrt{8}=2\sqrt{2}\\ \text{Dấu }"="\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
\(2,\text{Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz: }\\ P\ge\dfrac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}=\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{9}{1}=9\\ \text{Dấu }"="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Theo C.B.S thì
\(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ac}\ge\dfrac{9}{ab+bc+ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ac}\ge\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{9}{ab+bc+ac}=\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ac}+\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ac}+\dfrac{7}{ab+bc+ac}\)
Lại theo CBS thì
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ac}+\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ac}\ge\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=9\)mà \(ab+bc+ac\le\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{7}{ab+bc+ac}\ge21\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ac}+\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ac}+\dfrac{7}{ab+bc+ac}\)\(\)\(\ge21+9=30\)
vậy Min = 30 khi a = b = c = 1/3
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}\geq \frac{4}{2ab+a^2+b^2}=\frac{4}{a+b)^2}=4(1)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(1=a+b\geq 2\sqrt{ab}\Rightarrow ab\leq \frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow \frac{3}{2ab}\geq 6(2)\)
\(a^4+b^4\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2)^2}{2}\geq \frac{(\frac{(a+b)^2}{2})^2}{2}=\frac{1}{8}\) \(\Rightarrow \frac{a^4+b^4}{2}\geq \frac{1}{16}(3)\)
Từ \((1);(2);(3)\Rightarrow P\geq 4+6+\frac{1}{16}=\frac{161}{16}\)
Vậy \(P_{\min}=\frac{161}{16}\). Dấu bằng xảy ra tại $a=b=0,5$
Bài 2:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(2\left(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\right)\geq 2. \frac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}=\frac{8}{(x+y)^2}=\frac{9}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{80}{81xy}+5xy\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{80}{81}.5}=\frac{40}{9}\)
\(\frac{4}{3}=a+b\geq 2\sqrt{ab}\Rightarrow ab\leq \frac{4}{9}\Rightarrow \frac{1}{81ab}\geq \frac{1}{36}\)
Cộng những BĐT vừa cm được ở trên với nhau:
\(\Rightarrow A\geq \frac{9}{2}+\frac{40}{9}+\frac{1}{36}=\frac{323}{36}\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=\frac{323}{36}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{2}{3}\)
Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}=\dfrac{a^2+1-a^2}{a^2+1}=1-\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+1}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có :
\(a^2+1\ge2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+1}\ge1-\dfrac{a}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}\ge1-\dfrac{a}{2}\) (1)
Chứng minh tương tự ta được : \(\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}\ge1-\dfrac{b}{2}\)(2)
Cộng từng vế của (1)(2) ta được : \(\dfrac{1}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+1}\ge2-\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = 1, b = 1 => a = b = 1.
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