Cho \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\) và a+b+c khác 0 .Tính giá trị của biểu thức:
\(N=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
Trình bày chi tiết vì sao \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)\)
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19 tháng 6 2017
Nhận xét:\(\left(a+b\right)^3=a^3+b^3+3a^2b+3ab^2\)
=> \(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)^3-3a^2b-3ab^2\)
ta có \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
Thay vào biểu thức trên ta có:
\(\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3a^2b-3ab^2-3abc\)
= \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
=\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
= \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right)\)
=\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
Vay \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ac-bc-ab\right)\)
Do \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)và theo đầu bài \(a+b+c\ne0\)nen \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ac-bc-ab=0\)
=> \(a=b=c\)
Vay N = \(\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
15 tháng 11 2021
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)+c^3-3a^2b-3ab^2-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\left(do.a+b+c\ne0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(a-c\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(M=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\dfrac{3a^2}{9a^2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
15 tháng 11 2021
Bài 2:
a) \(=\dfrac{x\left(x^2+x-6\right)}{x\left(x^2-4\right)}=\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}=\dfrac{x+3}{x+2}\)
b) \(=\dfrac{x\left(x+1\right)+7\left(x+1\right)}{x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+7\right)}{x\left(x+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{x+7}{x\left(x+1\right)}=\dfrac{x+7}{x^2+x}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
27 tháng 12 2020
ĐKXĐ: \(abc\ne0\)
\(a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-ac-bc\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(a+b+c=0\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}=\dfrac{\left(-c\right)\left(-a\right)\left(-b\right)}{abc}=-1\)
TH2: \(a=b=c\Rightarrow P=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)
HP
10 tháng 7 2016
Ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc=>a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(=>\left(a+b\right)^3-3a^2b-3ab^2+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(=>\left[\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3\right]-3a^2b-3ab^2-3abc=0\)
\(=>\left[\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ca-bc+c^2-3ab\right)=0\)
\(=>\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
Vì a3+b3+c3=3abc và a+b+c khác 0
=>\(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(=>2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(=>\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(=>\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Tổng 3 số không âm = 0 <=> chúng đều = 0
\(< =>\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}< =>a=b=c}\)
Vậy \(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\)
10 tháng 7 2016
Ta có ; \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-bc-ac\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]=0\)
Vì \(a+b+c\ne0\) nên ta có \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
a) Thay a = b = c vào biểu thức được : \(\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{9a^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
b) Thay a = b = c vào P : \(P=\frac{2}{a}.\frac{2}{b}\frac{2}{c}=\frac{8}{abc}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
8 tháng 1 2021
\(B=\dfrac{a^3+c^3+3ac\left(a+c\right)-b^3-3ac\left(a+c\right)+3abc}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^3-b^3-3ac\left(a+c-b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+c-b\right)\left[\left(a+c\right)^2+b\left(a+c\right)+b^2\right]-3ac\left(a+c-b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+c-b\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc-ac\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-2\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+2ab+2bc-2ca\right)}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{-2\left[\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]}{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2}=-2\)
KB
8 tháng 12 2017
Ta có:\(A^3+B^3+C^3-3ABC=A^3+3A^2B+3AB^2+B^3+C^3-3AB\left(A+B+C\right)\)
\(=\left(A+B\right)^3+C^3-3AB\left(A+B+C\right)\)\(=\left(A+B+C\right)\left(A^2+B^2+C^2-AB-BC-CA\right)\)
Mặt khác:\(\left(A-B\right)^2+\left(B-C\right)^2+\left(C-A\right)^2=A^2-2AB+B^2+B^2-2BC+C^2+C^2-2CA+A^2\)
\(=2\left(A^2+B^2+C^2-AB-BC-CA\right)\)
Nên giá trị của phân thức là:\(\frac{A+B+C}{2}\)
ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
=>\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
=>\(\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
=>\(\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc-3ab+c^2\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ac-bc-ab\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(a+b+c\right)2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ac-bc-ab\right)=0\)
=>(a^2-2ab+b^2)+(b^2-2bc+c^2)+(c^2-2ac+a^2)=0
=>(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2=0
=>a=b=c
N=\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{3a^2}{9a^2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)