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\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{4,5}{27}=\dfrac{1}{6}mol\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,05 0,05 0,15 ( mol )
=> Al dư
\(m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=\left(\dfrac{1}{6}-0,1\right).27=1,8g\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1g\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15.98=14,7g\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{6}.27=4,5\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,2}=1,25\left(M\right)\)
c, \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{12}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{12}.342=28,5\left(g\right)\)
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Al, Fe
nH2 = \(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}\)=0,4 mol
Pt: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
......x.................................0,5x...........1,5x
.....Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
.......y..........................y............y
Ta có hệ pt:
{27x+56y=11
1,5x+y=0,4
⇔x=0,2, y=0,1
% mAl = \(\dfrac{0,2.27}{11}\).100%=49,1%
% mFe = \(\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}\).100%=50,9%
mAl2(SO4)3 = 0,5x . 342 = 0,5 . 0,2 . 342 = 34,2 (g)
mFeSO4 = 152y = 152 . 0,1 = 15,2 (g)
Gọi CTTQ: MxOy
Pt: MxOy + yH2 --to--> xM + yH2O
\(\dfrac{0,4}{y}\)<-------0,4
Ta có: 232,2=\(\dfrac{0,4}{y}\)(56x+16y)
⇔23,2=\(\dfrac{22,4x}{y}\)+6,4
⇔\(\dfrac{22,4x}{y}\)=16,8
⇔22,4x=16,8y
⇔x:y=3:4
Vậy CTHH của oxit: Fe3O4
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(\left(mol\right)\) \(0,2\) \(0,6\) \(0,2\) \(0,3\)
\(a.m=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\ a=\dfrac{36,5.0,6.100}{7,3}=300\left(g\right)\\ b.\)
\(AlCl_3-\) Nhôm clorua
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\\ c.m_{H_2}=0,3.2=0,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(0.2........0.6..........0.2.............0.3\)
\(m_{Al}=0.2\cdot27=5.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0.6\cdot36.5=21.9\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{21.9}{7.3\%}=300\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0.2\cdot133.5=26.7\left(g\right)\)
( Nhôm clorua )
\(m_{H_2}=0.3\cdot2=0.6\left(g\right)\)
nH2 = 6.72 / 22.4 = 0.3 (mol)
Mg + H2SO4 => MgSO4 + H2
0.3.......0.3.............0.3........0.3
mMg = 0.3 * 24 = 7.2 (g)
mH2SO4 = 0.3 * 98 = 29.4 (g)
mddH2SO4 = 29.4 * 100 / 19.6 = 150 (g)
mMgSO4 = 0.3 * 120 = 36 (g)
a) PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
nH2= 0,15(mol)
=> nZn=nH2SO4=nZnSO4=nH2=0,15(mol)
b) mZn=0,15.65=9,75(g)
c) CMddH2SO4= 0,15/ 0,05=3(M)
d) mZnSO4= 161. 0,15=24,15(g)
