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a)\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: x 1,5x
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
Mol: y y
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+24y=5,1\\1,5x+y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27.100\%}{5,1}=52,94\%;\%m_{Mg}=100-52,94=47,06\%\)
b)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,1 0,15 0,05
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,1+0,15\right).98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\)
mdd sau pứ = 5,1+250-0,15.2 = 254,8(g)
\(C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342.100\%}{254,8}=6,71\%\)
\(C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120.100\%}{254,8}=4,71\%\)
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=5,1\\1,5a+b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,1}{5,1}.100\approx52,941\%\\\%m_{Mg}\approx47,059\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{Al,Mg}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=5,1+250-0,25.2=254,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342}{254,6}.100\approx6,716\%\\ C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{254,6}.100\approx4,713\%\)
nH2 = 2,24 : 22,4 = 0,1 mol
gọi x , y lần lượt là số mol Mg và MgO
PTHH : Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
0,1 mol 0,1 mol 0,1 mol
=> mMg = 0,1 . 24 = 2,4 g
%mMg = \(\frac{2,4.100\%}{10,4}=23,08\text{%}\)
Ta có : mhh = mMg + mMgO
=> mMgO = 10,4 - 2,4 = 8g
=> nMgO = 8 : 40 = 0,2 mol
%mMgO = \(\frac{8.100\%}{10,4}=76,92\%\)
MgO + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2O
0,2 mol 0,2 mol
Số mol H2SO4 là : nH2SO4 = 0,1 + 0,2 = 0,3 mol
Nồng độ mol dd H2SO4 là
CM H2SO4 = \(\frac{0,3}{0,3}=1M\)
nH2 = 2,24 : 22,4 = 0,1 mol
PTHH : Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
0,1 mol 0,1 mol 0,1 mol
=> mMg = 0,1 . 24 = 2,4 g
%mMg = 2,4.100%10,4=23,08%2,4.100%10,4=23,08%
Ta có : mhh = mMg + mMgO
=> mMgO = 10,4 - 2,4 = 8g
=> nMgO = 8 : 40 = 0,2 mol
%mMgO = 8.100%10,4=76,92%8.100%10,4=76,92%
MgO + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2O
0,2 mol 0,2 mol
Số mol H2SO4 là : nH2SO4 = 0,1 + 0,2 = 0,3 mol
Nồng độ mol dd H2SO4 là
CM H2SO4 = 0,3.0,3=1M
#Không có gọi x,y nảy viết nhầm
a, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,479}{24,79}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(MgO+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+H_2O\)
\(MgCO_3+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+CO_2+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1.84}{10,4}.100\%\approx80,77\%\\\%m_{MgO}\approx19,23\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{10,4-0,1.84}{40}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=2n_{MgO}+2n_{MgCO_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{CH_3COOH}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\)
a, PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,4.27}{14,8}.100\%\approx72,97\%\\\%m_{MgO}\approx27,03\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{14,8-0,4.27}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}+n_{MgO}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,7.98=68,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{68,6}{10\%}=686\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgSO_4}=n_{MgO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 14,8 + 686 - 0,6.2 = 699,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,2.342}{699,6}.100\%\approx9,78\%\\C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{699,6}.100\%\approx1,72\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Mg +H2SO4 --> MgSO4 +H2 (1)
MgO +H2SO4 --> MgSO4 +H2O (2)
nH2=0,1(mol)
=>nMg=0,1(Mol)
=>mMg=2,4(g)
mMgO=8(g)
=>%mMg=23,077(%)
%mMgO=76,92(%)
b) nMgO=0,2(mol)
theo (1) :nH2SO4=nMgSO4=nMg=0,1(mol)
(2) : nH2SO4=nMgSO4=nMgO=0,2(mol)
=> nMgSO4=0,3(mol)
=> CM ddMgSO4=1(M)
=>\(\Sigma nH2SO4=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=>mdd H2SO4=300(g)
mdd MgSO4=10,4+300-0,1.2=310,2(g)
=>DddA=310,2/300=1,034(g/ml)