Cho các số a,b,c khác 0 thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
Tính A = \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+b}{c}\) ( b + c ≠ 0 )
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Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b-c=c\\a+c-b=b\\b+c-a=a\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\a+c=2b\\b+c=2a\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\left(a+a\right)\left(a+a\right)\left(a+a\right)}{a\cdot a\cdot a}=\dfrac{8a^3}{a^3}=8\)
\(\dfrac{a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{a+c-b}{b}=\dfrac{b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{a+b-c+a+c-b+b+c-a}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b-c=c\\a+c-b=b\\b+c-a=a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2c\\a+c=2b\\b+c=2a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}=\dfrac{2a.2b.2c}{abc}=8\)
Lời giải:
$\frac{2022a+b+c}{a}=\frac{a+2022b+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+2022c}{c}$
$=2021+\frac{a+b+c}{a}=2021+\frac{a+b+c}{b}=2021+\frac{a+b+c}{c}$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a+b+c}{a}=\frac{a+b+c}{b}=\frac{a+b+c}{c}$
$\Rightarrow a+b+c=0$ hoặc $\frac{1}{a}=\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{c}$
$\Rightarrow a+b+c=0$ hoặc $a=b=c$
Nếu $a+b+c=0$ thì:
$P=\frac{a+b}{c}+\frac{b+c}{a}+\frac{a+c}{b}=\frac{(-c)}{c}+\frac{(-b)}{b}+\frac{(-a)}{a}=-1+(-1)+(-1)=-3$
Nếu $a=b=c$ thì:
$P=\frac{c+c}{c}+\frac{a+a}{a}+\frac{b+b}{b}=2+2+2=6$
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{a+b}{c}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2+2+2=6\)
a+b−cc=b+c−aa=c+a−bb
⇒a+b−cc+1=b+c−aa+1=c+a−bb+1
⇒a+bc=b+ca=c+ab
+)Nếu a+b+c=0⇒a+b=−c;b+c=−a;c+a=−b
⇒B=a+ba.c+ac.b+cb=−ca.−bc.−ab=−(abc)abc=−1
Nếu a+b+c≠0
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có
a+bc=b+ca=c+ab=2(a+b+c)a+b+c=2
⇒a+b=2c
b+c=2a
c+a=2b
⇒B=2ca.2bc.2ab=2.2.2=8
Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau :
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}=\dfrac{a+b+b+c+c+a}{c+a+b}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)(a,b,c # 0 nên a + b + c # 0 )
Từ \(\dfrac{a+b}{c}=\dfrac{b+c}{a}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
=> \(\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{c+a}\)
Áp dụng ....
\(\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a}{b+c}=\dfrac{b}{c+a}=\dfrac{c+a+b}{a+b+b+c+c+a}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)(a + b + c # 0 )
Ta có : \(A=\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{a+b}{c}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+2\)
\(A=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
Vậy \(A=\dfrac{5}{2}\)