Cho a,b,c dương thỏa mãn a+b+c=3
Tìm GTNN của P=\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b}{2ab}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b+c}{2bc}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c+a}{2ca}}\)
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\(1,\text{Áp dụng Mincopxki: }\\ Q\ge\sqrt{\left(a+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{2^2+2^2}=\sqrt{8}=2\sqrt{2}\\ \text{Dấu }"="\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
\(2,\text{Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz: }\\ P\ge\dfrac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}=\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{9}{1}=9\\ \text{Dấu }"="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(M\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)^2}}{2}\)
\(M\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(A=\sqrt{2b\left(a+1\right)}+\sqrt{2c\left(b+1\right)}+\sqrt{2a\left(c+1\right)}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}.2\sqrt{4b\left(a+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}.2\sqrt{4c\left(b+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}.2\sqrt{4a\left(c+1\right)}\)
\(A\le\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(4b+a+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(4c+b+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(4a+c+1\right)\)
\(A\le\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left[5\left(a+b+c\right)+3\right]=2\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
P=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}.a}{\sqrt{\left(a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2\right)\left(1+1\right)}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}.b}{\sqrt{\left(b^2+\left(a+c\right)^2\right)\left(1+1\right)}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}.c}{\sqrt{\left(c^2+\left(b+a\right)^2\right)\left(1+1\right)}}\)>=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}.a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}.b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}.c}{\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}\)>=\(\sqrt{2}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a+b}{2ab}\ge\dfrac{2}{a+b}\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b}{2ab}}\ge\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{a+b}}\)
Tương tự cho 2 hạng tử còn lại , cộng vế theo vế, ta được:
\(P\ge\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b+c}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c+a}}\right)\)
Sử dụng Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel và Bunyakovsky,ta có:
\(P\ge\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}}\right)\)
\(P\ge\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{2\left(a+b+c\right).3}}\right)=\sqrt{2}\left(\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{2.3.3}}\right)=3\)
GTNN của P là 3 khi a=b=c=1