Chứng minh đăng thức:
\(\dfrac{x^2+ax+ab+bx}{3bx-a^2-ax+3ab}=\dfrac{x+b}{3b-a}\)
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Bài 1:
1) \(a\left(b-c\right)+b\left(c-a\right)+c\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=ab-ac+bc-ba+ca-cb\)
\(=0\)
2) \(a\left(bz-cy\right)+b\left(cx-az\right)+c\left(ay-bx\right)\)
\(=abz-acy+bcx-baz+cay-cbx\)
\(=0\)
Bài 2:
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{x^2+ax+ab+bx}{3bx-a^2-ax+3ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+bx\right)+\left(ax+ab\right)}{\left(3bx-ax\right)+\left(3ab-a^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x+b\right)+a\left(x+b\right)}{x\left(3b-a\right)+a\left(3b-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+a\right)\left(x+b\right)}{\left(x+a\right)\left(3b-a\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+b}{3b-a}\)
vế trái ;tử số x2+ax+ab+bx=x(a+x)+b(a+x)=(a+x)(x+b) / mẫu 3bx-a2-ax+3ab=3b(x-a)-a(x-a)=(3b-a)(x-a)
rút gọn ta đc phân số vế phải cho (x-a)
A = 4acx + 4bcx + 4ax + 4bx ( đã sửa '-' )
= 4x( ac + bc + a + b )
= 4x[ c( a + b ) + ( a + b ) ]
= 4x( a + b )( c + 1 )
B = ax - bx + cx - 3a + 3b - 3c
= x( a - b + c ) - 3( a - b + c )
= ( a - b + c )( x - 3 )
C = 2ax - bx + 3cx - 2a + b - 3c
= x( 2a - b + 3c ) - ( 2a - b + 3c )
= ( 2a - b + 3c )( x - 1 )
D = ax - bx - 2cx - 2a + 2b + 4c
= x( a - b - 2c ) - 2( a - b - 2c )
= ( a - b - 2c )( x - 2 )
E = 3ax2 + 3bx2 + ax + bx + 5a + 5b
= 3x2( a + b ) + x( a + b ) + 5( a + b )
= ( a + b )( 3x2 + x + 5 )
F = ax2 - bx2 - 2ax + 2bx - 3a + 3b
= x2( a - b ) - 2x( a - b ) - 3( a - b )
= ( a - b )( x2 - 2x - 3 )
= ( a - b )( x2 + x - 3x - 3 )
= ( a - b )[ x( x + 1 ) - 3( x + 1 ) ]
= ( a - b )( x + 1 )( x - 3 )
Tham khảo:
\(x=\dfrac{1}{a}.\sqrt{\dfrac{2a}{b}-1}\Rightarrow ax=\sqrt{\dfrac{2a}{b}-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1+ax=\dfrac{\sqrt{2a-b}+\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{b}}\\1-ax=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b}}{\sqrt{b}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1-ax}{1+ax}=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b}}{\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{2a-b}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b}\right)^2}{2\left(b-a\right)}\)
Lại có:
\(\dfrac{1+bx}{1-bx}=\dfrac{a+\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}{a-\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}=\dfrac{a^2-\left(2ab-b^2\right)}{\left(a-\sqrt{2ab-b^2}\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a-\sqrt{2ab-b^2}\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{1+bx}{1-bx}}=\dfrac{b-a}{a-\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1-ax}{1+ax}.\sqrt{\dfrac{1+bx}{1-bx}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{2a-b}\right)^2}{2a-2\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}=\dfrac{2a-2\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}{2a-2\sqrt{2ab-b^2}}=1\)
- Xét tử:
\(x^2+ax+ab+bx\)
\(=x\left(x+a\right)+b\left(x+a\right)\)
\(=\left(x+a\right)\left(x+b\right)\)
- Xét mẫu:
\(3bx-a^2-ax+3ab\)
\(=3bx+3ab-a^2-ax\)
\(=3b\left(x+a\right)-a\left(a+x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+a\right)\left(3b-a\right)\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{x^2+ax+ab+bx}{3bx-a^2-ax+3ab}=\dfrac{\left(x+a\right)\left(x+b\right)}{\left(x+a\right)\left(3b-a\right)}=\dfrac{x+b}{3b-a}\) với \(x\ne-a\)
Ta có: \(VT=\dfrac{x^2+ax+ab+bx}{3bx-a^2-ax+3ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(a+x\right)+b\left(a+x\right)}{3b\left(x+a\right)-a\left(a+x\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(b+x\right)\left(a+x\right)}{\left(3b-a\right)\left(a+x\right)}=\dfrac{b+x}{3b-a}=VP\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)