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5 tháng 5 2017

Gọi \(\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}\)\(S\)

\(S=\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}\\ S< \dfrac{1}{1}+\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+...+\dfrac{1}{49\cdot50}\\ S< 1+\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\\ S< 1+1-\dfrac{1}{50}\\ S< 2-\dfrac{1}{50}< 2\)

Vậy \(S< 2\)

5 tháng 5 2017

Lời giải:

Đặt \(T=\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}\)

Dễ thấy:

\(\dfrac{1}{1^2}=1\)

\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)

\(....\)

\(\dfrac{1}{50^2}=\dfrac{1}{50.50}< \dfrac{1}{49.50}\)

\(\Rightarrow T< 1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.50}\)

\(\Rightarrow T< 1+1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\)

\(\Rightarrow T< 1+1-\dfrac{1}{50}\)

\(\Rightarrow T< 2-\dfrac{1}{50}\)

\(\Rightarrow T< 2\)

BT1: CMR: a) \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< 1\) b) \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{36}+\dfrac{1}{64}+\dfrac{1}{100}+\dfrac{1}{144}+\dfrac{1}{196}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) c) \(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{35}+\dfrac{1}{45}+\dfrac{1}{47}+\dfrac{1}{50}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) d) \(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{1}{64}< \dfrac{1}{3}\) e) \(\dfrac{1}{3}< \dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}-\dfrac{4}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{99}{3^{99}}-\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}< \dfrac{3}{16}\) f) \(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+\dfrac{1}{43}+...+\dfrac{1}{79}+\dfrac{1}{80}>\dfrac{7}{12}\) BT2: Tính tổng a) A=\(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\) b) E=\(1+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+2\right)+\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+2+3\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1+2+3+4\right)+...+\dfrac{1}{200}\left(1+2+3+...+200\right)\) BT3: Cho S=\(\dfrac{3}{10}+\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{3}{13}+\dfrac{3}{14}\) CMR: 1 < S <...
Đọc tiếp

BT1: CMR:

a) \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< 1\)

b) \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{36}+\dfrac{1}{64}+\dfrac{1}{100}+\dfrac{1}{144}+\dfrac{1}{196}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)

c) \(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{32}+\dfrac{1}{35}+\dfrac{1}{45}+\dfrac{1}{47}+\dfrac{1}{50}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)

d) \(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{32}-\dfrac{1}{64}< \dfrac{1}{3}\)

e) \(\dfrac{1}{3}< \dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}-\dfrac{4}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{99}{3^{99}}-\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}< \dfrac{3}{16}\)

f) \(\dfrac{1}{41}+\dfrac{1}{42}+\dfrac{1}{43}+...+\dfrac{1}{79}+\dfrac{1}{80}>\dfrac{7}{12}\)

BT2: Tính tổng

a) A=\(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)

b) E=\(1+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+2\right)+\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+2+3\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1+2+3+4\right)+...+\dfrac{1}{200}\left(1+2+3+...+200\right)\)

BT3: Cho S=\(\dfrac{3}{10}+\dfrac{3}{11}+\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{3}{13}+\dfrac{3}{14}\)

CMR: 1 < S < 2

1
22 tháng 3 2017

bài này có trong sách Nâng cao và Phát triển bạn nhé

28 tháng 2 2023

Câu b hướng làm đó là tách con 1/3 và 1/2 ra thành 50 phân số giống nhau. E tách 1/3=50/150 rồi so sánh 1/101, 1/102,...,1/149 với 1/150. Còn vế sau 1/2=50/100 tách tương tự rồi so sánh thôi

AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
28 tháng 2 2023

2a.

$\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}$

$< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+....+\frac{1}{49.50}$

$=\frac{2-1}{1.2}+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+...+\frac{50-49}{49.50}$

$=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}$
$=1-\frac{1}{50}< 1$ (đpcm)

29 tháng 10 2017

A=\(\dfrac{7^2-1}{7^4}+\dfrac{7^2-1}{7^8}+...+\dfrac{7^2-1}{7^{100}}=\left(7^2-1\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{7^4}+\dfrac{1}{7^8}+...+\dfrac{1}{7^{100}}\right)=48\cdot B\)Dễ dàng tính được B( nhân hết với 7 mũ 4 roi trừ đi, chia ra là xong) ra đpcm.

Lên lớp 11 thì ta có dạng tổng quát luôn này(tức là nếu n quá lớn thì có thể coi là xảy ra dấu bằng) \(\dfrac{1}{7^2}-\dfrac{1}{7^4}+...+\dfrac{1}{7^n}-\dfrac{1}{7^{n+2}}< \dfrac{1}{50}\)

5 tháng 11 2021

\(a,P=\dfrac{1}{\left(2+1\right)\left(2+1-1\right):2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(3+1\right)\left(3+1-1\right):2}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2017+1\right)\left(2017+1-1\right):2}\\ P=\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3:2}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4:2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2017\cdot2018:2}\\ P=2\left(\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2017\cdot2018}\right)\\ P=2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2017}-\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)\\ P=2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2018}\right)=2\cdot\dfrac{504}{1009}=\dfrac{1008}{1009}\)

\(b,\) Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}< \dfrac{1}{2\cdot4};\dfrac{1}{6^2}< \dfrac{1}{4\cdot6};...;\dfrac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}< \dfrac{1}{\left(2n-2\right)2n}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow VT< \dfrac{1}{2\cdot4}+\dfrac{1}{4\cdot6}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n-2\right)2n}\\ \Leftrightarrow VT< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{2\cdot4}+\dfrac{2}{4\cdot6}+...+\dfrac{2}{\left(2n-2\right)2n}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow VT< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n-2}-\dfrac{1}{2n}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow VT< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2n}\right)< \dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

18 tháng 2 2021

\(\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}>\dfrac{1}{2^2}>\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3},\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}>\dfrac{1}{3^2}>\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4},...,\dfrac{1}{8\cdot9}>\dfrac{1}{9^2}>\dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{1\cdot2}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{8\cdot9}>\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{9^2}>\dfrac{1}{2\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{3\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{9\cdot10}\) \(\Rightarrow1-\dfrac{1}{9}>A>\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{10}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{8}{9}>A>\dfrac{2}{5}\)

Ta chứng minh được công thức \(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{a^4+2a^3b+a^2b^2+2ab^3+b^4}{a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)^2}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{a^2+ab+b^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2+ab+b^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)

\(A=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2016^2}+\dfrac{1}{2017^2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{1^2}+\dfrac{1}{2017^2}+\dfrac{1}{2018^2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{1}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{1}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+1+\dfrac{1}{2016}-\dfrac{1}{2017}+1+\dfrac{1}{2017}-\dfrac{1}{2018}\)

=>A là số hữu tỉ (ĐPCM)