Tìm min :
a) \(K=a^2+b^2-2a+2b+2017\)
b) \(H=3x^2+9y^2-6xy-2x+2016\)
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a) \(H=x^2-4x+16\)
\(H=\left(x+2\right)^2+12\ge12\)
vậy min H=12 \(\Leftrightarrow x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Nỗi hứng lm cho vui!
Bài 1:
a) H = \(x^2-4x+16=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+12=\left(x-2\right)^2+12\)
Vì \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\) => H \(\ge\) 12
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(x=2\)
b) K = \(2x^2+9y^2-6xy-8x-12y+2018\)
= \(\left(x^2-6xy+9y^2\right)+4\left(x-3y\right)+\left(x^2-12x+36\right)+1982\)
= \(\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)+4+\left(x-6\right)^2+1978\)
= \(\left(x-3y+2\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+1978\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-3y+2\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x-6\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) => K \(\ge\) 1978
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2+x}{3}\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(x=6;y=\dfrac{8}{3}\)
Bài 2:
a) P = \(-x^2-4x+16=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+20\)
= \(-\left(x+2\right)^2+20\le20\)
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(x=-2\)
b) \(Q=-x^2+2xy-4y^2+2x+10y-2017\)
= \(-\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-2\left(x-y\right)+2005\right]\)
= \(-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right)+1+3\left(y-2\right)^2+2004\right]\)
= \(-\left[\left(x-y-1\right)^2+3\left(y-2\right)^2\right]-2004\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(x-y-1\right)^2\le0\\3\left(y-2\right)^2\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) => Q \(\le-2004\)
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(x=3;y=2\)
a) H=x2 - 4x +16
<=> H=x2 -4x + 4 + 12
<=> H=(x-2)2 +12 \(\ge12\)
Vậy Min H = 12
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=2
\(K=x^2-6xy+9y^2+4\left(x-3y\right)+4+x^2-12x+36+1978\)
\(K=\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)+2^2+\left(x-6\right)^2+1978\)
\(K=\left(x-3y+2\right)^2+\left(x-6\right)^2+1978\ge1978\)
Vậy Min K =1978
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y+2=0\\x-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{8}{3}\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mình làm câu a thôi nha câu b tương tự nha bạn :)
\(M=2x^2+9y^2-16x-12y+2017\)
\(=\left(2x^2-16x\right)+\left(9y^2-12y\right)+2017\)
\(=2\left(x^2-8x+4^2\right)+\left(9y^2-12y+2^2\right)+1981\)
\(=2\left(x-4\right)^2+\left(3y-2\right)^2+1981\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left[\begin{matrix}x-4=0\\3y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=\frac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(Min_M=1981\) khi và chỉ khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=\frac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\).
\(\left(a\right)..K=a^2+b^2-2a+2b+2017=\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b+1\right)^2+2015\ge2015\)min K =2015 khi a=1 và b=-1
\(\left(b\right)..H=3x^2+9y^2-6xy-2x+2016=\left[9y^2-6xy+x^2\right]+\left[2x^2-2x+\dfrac{2}{4}\right]+2016-\dfrac{2}{4}\)
\(H=\left(3y-x\right)^2+2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+2015,5\)
min H =2015,5 khi x=1/2 và y=1/6