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a) Phép quay tâm C góc 90 ο biến MB thành AI. Do đó MB bằng và vuông góc với AI. DP song song và bằng nửa BM, DO song song và bằng nửa AI. Từ đó suy ra DP bằng và vuông góc với DO.
b) Từ câu a) suy ra phép quay tâm D, góc 90 ο biến O thành P, biến A thành Q. Do đó OA bằng và vuông góc với PQ.
Gọi M là trung điểm BC ; N là điểm đối xứng với H qua M.
M là trung điểm của BC và HN nên BNCH là hình bình hành
\(\Rightarrow NC//BH\)
Mà \(BH\perp AC\Rightarrow NC\perp AC\)hay AN là đường kính của đường tròn ( O )
Dễ thấy OM là đường trung bình \(\Delta AHN\) suy ra \(OM=\frac{1}{2}AH\)
M là trung điểm BC nên OM \(\perp\)BC
Xét \(\Delta AHG\)và \(\Delta OGM\)có :
\(\widehat{HAG}=\widehat{GMO}\); \(\frac{GM}{GA}=\frac{OM}{HA}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\Delta AGH~\Delta MOG\left(c.g.c\right)\Rightarrow\widehat{AGH}=\widehat{MGO}\)hay H,G,O thẳng hàng
gọi E,F,T lần lượt là trung điểm của AB,CD,BD
Đường thẳng ME cắt NF tại S
Vì AC = BD \(\Rightarrow EQFP\)là hình thoi \(\Rightarrow EF\perp PQ\)( 1 )
Xét \(\Delta TPQ\)và \(\Delta SEF\)có : \(ME\perp AB,TP//AB\)
Tương tự , \(NF\perp CD;\)\(TQ//CD\)
\(\Rightarrow\Delta TPQ~\Delta SEF\)( Góc có cạnh tương ứng vuông góc )
\(\Rightarrow\frac{SE}{SF}=\frac{TP}{TQ}=\frac{AB}{CD}\)
Mặt khác : \(\Delta MAB~\Delta NCD\Rightarrow\frac{AB}{CD}=\frac{ME}{NF}\)( tỉ số đường cao = tỉ số đồng dạng )
Suy ra : \(\frac{ME}{NF}=\frac{SE}{SF}\)\(\Rightarrow EF//MN\)( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) suy ra \(MN\perp PQ\)
a ) Xét góc DAC và góc EAB có
góc ADC = 90 độ + góc ABC (gt) (1)
góc ABE = 90 độ +góc BAC (2)
từ (1) và (2) => góc DAC = góc EAB
Xét tam giác DAC và tam giác EAB có
AD =AB ( vì tam giác ABD vuông cân )
góc DAC = góc BAE
AC =AE
=> tam giác DAC = tam giác EAB ( cạnh - góc - cạnh )
=> DC=EB ( cặp cạnh tương ứng )
+> chứng minh BE vuông góc với CD
Gọi O là giao điểm của DC và BE
Vì góc O1 = O2 ( đối đỉnh )
góc C1 = E1 ( vì tam giác DAC = tam giác EAB ( cmt )
=> góc O = A1 = 90 độ
=> CD vuông góc với BE ( điều phải chứng minh )
tự kẻ hình :
có M; N lần lượt là trung điểm của AB; AC (gt)
=> MN là đường tb của tam giác ABC (đn)
=> MN // BC (đl)
góc BCNM là tứ giác
=> BCNM là hình thang (đn)
1) Ta có: ^BAC+^BAD=^BAC+^CAE=^BAC=900 => ^DAC=^BAE
Xét \(\Delta\)DAC & \(\Delta\)BAE: AD=AB; ^DAC=^BAE; AC=AE => \(\Delta\)DAC=\(\Delta\)BAE (c.g.c)
=> CD=BE (2 cạnh tương ứng)
Gọi CD giao BE tại P, AB giao CD tại Q
Do \(\Delta\)DAC=\(\Delta\)BAE (cmt) => ^D1=^B1 (2 góc tương ứng)
Xét 2 tam giác: \(\Delta\)DAQ và \(\Delta\)BPQ: ^DQA=^BQP (đối đỉnh), ^D1=^B1
=> ^DAQ=^BPQ => ^BPQ=900 hay CD vuông góc với BE.
2) Trên tia đối của AM lấy điểm F sao cho AF=2AM.
Chứng minh được: \(\Delta\)ABM=\(\Delta\)FCM (c.g.c) => AB=FC. Mà AB=AD => FC=AD
=> ^ABM=^FCM (2 góc tương ứng). Mà 2 góc này so le trong => AB//FC
=> ^BAC+^ACF=1800. (1)
Lại có: ^BAC+^BAD+^CAE+^EAD=3600 => ^EAD+^BAC=3600-^BAD-^CAE=1800 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => ^ACF=^EAD.
Xét \(\Delta\)ACF & \(\Delta\)EAD: AC=EA; ^ACF=^EAD; CF=AD => \(\Delta\)ACF=\(\Delta\)EAD (c.g.c)
=> AF=DE (2 cạnh tương ứng). Thấy AF=2AM => DE=2AM.
3) Gọi AM cắt DE tại K
Ta có: \(\Delta\)ACF=\(\Delta\)EAD (cmt) => ^A1=^E1.
Mà ^A1+^EAK=900 => ^E1+^EAK=900 => \(\Delta\)EKA vuông tại K hay AM vuông góc với DE.
4) Có: ^ACH+^HAC=900. Mà ^OAE+^HAC=900 => ^ACH=^OAE hay ^ACM=^OAE.
Xét \(\Delta\)AMC & \(\Delta\)EOA có: AC=AE, ^A1=^E1; ^ACM=^OAE => \(\Delta\)AMC=\(\Delta\)EOA (g.c.g)
=> AM=EO (2 cạnh tương ứng).
Lại có: DE=2AM (cmt) => DE=2EO (O\(\in\)DE) hay là trung điểm của DE (đpcm).
