phân tích thành nhân tử :
a. \(x^5+x+1\)
b. \(x^7+x^2+1\)
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x^10 + x^5 + 1
= x^10 + x^9 - x^9 + x^8 - x^8 + x^7 - x^7 + x^6 - x^6 + x^5 + x^5 - x^5 + x^4 - x^4 + x^3 - x^3 + x^2 - x^2 + x - x + 1
= (x^10 + x^9 + x^8) - (x^9 + x^8 + x^7) + (x^7 + x^6 + x^5) - (x^6 + x^5 + x^4) + (x^5 + x^4 + x^3) - (x^3 + x^2 + x) + (x^2 + x + 1)
= x^8 (x^2 + x + 1) - x^7 (x^2 + x + 1) + x^5 (x^2 + x + 1) - x^4 (x^2 + x + 1) + x^3 (x^2 + x + 1) - x (x^2 + x + 1) + (x^2 + x + 1)
= (x^2 + x + 1) (x^8 - x^7 + x^5 - x^4 + x^3 - x + 1)
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Phương pháp:
Khi gặp bài toán phân tích thành nhân tử dạng x^(3m + 1) + x^(3n + 2) + 1 em thêm bớt các hạng tử từ bậc cao nhất trừ đi 1 đến x (bậc nhất) sao cho tổng số các hạng tử trong đa thức mới là một bội của 3. Sau đó nhóm ba hạng tử một sao cho trong mỗi nhóm có x² + x + 1
Dạng này khi phân tích luôn có kết quả là: (x² + x + 1).Q(x)
x^7 + x^2 + 1 = x^7 + x^6 - x^6 + x^5 - x^5 + x^4 - x^4 +x^3 - x^3 +2x^2 - x^2 +x - x +1
=(x^7 + x^6 + x^5) - (x^6 +x^5 +x^4) + (x^4 + x^3 +x^2) - (x^3 +x^2 + x) + (x^2 + x +1)
=x^5(x^2 + x + 1) - x^4(x^2 + x + 1) +x^2(x^2 + x + 1) - x(x^2 + x + 1) + (x^2 + x + 1)
=(x^2 + x + 1)(x^5 - x^4 +x^2 -x +1)
1)a) x^2(x+1) - x(x-1)
=x.[x(x+1)-(x-1)]
=x.(x2+x-x+1)
=x.(x2+1)
b) 5(a-b)^2 - (a+b).(b-a)
=5(a-b)2+(a+b)(a-b)
=(a-b)[5.(a-b)+(a+b)]
=(a+b)(5a-5b+a+b)
=(a+b)(6a-4b)
=2(a+b)(3a+2b)
1) xem lại đề
a) \(x^5+x-1\)
\(=x^5+x^4+x^3+x^2-x^4-x^3-x^2+x-1\)
\(=\left(x^5-x^4+x^3\right)+\left(x^4-x^3+x^2\right)-\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(=x^3\left(x^2-x+1\right)+x^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)-\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^3+x^2-1\right)\)(còn 1 cách nữa là thêm bớt \(x^2\)vào bạn nhé!)
b) \(x^7+x^2+1\)
\(=x^7-x+x^2+x+1\)
\(=x\left(x^6-1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^3+1\right)\left(x^3-1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^3+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[x\left(x^3+1\right)\left(x-1\right)+1\right]\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^5-x^4+x^2-x+1\right)\)
(Chúc bạn học tốt và nhớ tíck cho mình với nhé!)
a) \(x^5-x^4-1\)
\(=\left(x^5+x^2\right)-\left(x^4+x\right)-\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x^3+1\right)-x\left(x^3+1\right)-\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-x\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^3+x^2-x^2-x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^3-x-1\right)\)
b) \(x^8+x^7+1\)
\(=\left(x^8-x^2\right)+\left(x^7-x\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x^6-1\right)+x\left(x^6-1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x^3-1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+x\left(x^3-1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[\left(x^3-x^2\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+\left(x^2-x\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+1\right]\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[\left(x^3-x\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+1\right]\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^6-x^4+x^3-x+1\right)\)
\(x^7+x^2+1\)
\(=x^7+x^6+x^5+x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1\)
\(=x^5\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x^4\left(x^2+x+1\right)+x^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^5-x^4+x^2-x+1\right)\)
a) \(x^7+x^2+1=\left(x^7-x\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^6-1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)=x\left(x^3-1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+1\right]\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^5-x^4+x^2-x+1\right)\)
b) \(x^7+x^5+1=\left(x^7+x^6+x^5\right)-\left(x^6-1\right)\)
\(=x^5\left(x^2+x+1\right)-\left(x^3-1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)
\(=x^5\left(x^2+x+1\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[x^5-\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^5-x^4+x^3-x+1\right)\)
\(a,x^5+x+1\)
\(=x^5+x^4-x^4+x^3-x^3+x^2-x^2+x+1\)
\(=\left(x^5+x^4+x^3\right)-\left(x^4+x^3+x^2\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x^3\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2+1\right)\)
\(b,x^7+x^2+1\)
\(=\left(x^7-x\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^6-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^3-1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+1\right]\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^5-x^4+x^2-x+1\right)\)
a)\(x^5+x+1\)
\(=\left(x^5-x^2\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
=\(x^2\left(x^3-1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2+1\right)\)
b)\(x^7+x^2+1\)
\(=\left(x^7-x\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^6-1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^3+1\right)\left(x^3-1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^3+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+1\right]\)
\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^5-x^4+x^2-x+1\right)\)