tìm xϵz để phân số sau tối giản :
a)\(\frac{x-8}{2x-17}\)
b) \(\frac{x-4}{x+1}\)
c) \(\frac{10}{x+7}\)
d) \(\frac{x-1}{x^2}\)
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Gọi \(d=UCLN\left(12n+1;30n+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}12n+1⋮d\\30n+2⋮d\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}60n+5⋮d\\60n+4⋮d\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left(60n+5\right)-\left(60n+4\right)⋮d\Rightarrow1⋮d\)
Suy ra phân số đã cho là phân số tối giản (đpcm)
Cái sau tương tự nha bạn
Bài 2 \(C=\frac{5}{x-2}\) .DO x nguyên nên để C nhỏ nhất thì x-2 phải là số nguyên âm lớn nhất => x-2=-1 =>x=1
Vậy với x=1 thì C đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất
Cái sau tương tự nha bạn
a , Gọi \(d=ƯCLN\)\(\left(12n+1;30n+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}12n+1⋮d\\30n+2⋮d\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}60n+5⋮d\\60n+4⋮d\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1⋮d\)
\(\Leftrightarrow d=1\)
\(\LeftrightarrowƯCLN\left(12n+1;30n+2\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)Phân số \(\frac{12n+1}{30n+2}\)tối giản với mọi n .
Bài 1:
a) \(x=\frac{a+1}{a+9}=\frac{a+9-8}{a+9}=\frac{a+9}{a+9}-\frac{8}{a+9}=1-\frac{8}{a+9}\)
Để \(x\in Z\)thì \(a+9\inƯ\left(8\right)=\left\{-8;-4;-2;-1;1;2;4;8\right\}\)
Vậy \(a\in\left\{-17;-13;-11;-10;-8;-7;-5;-1\right\}\)
b) \(x=\frac{a-1}{a+4}=\frac{a+4-5}{a+4}=\frac{a+4}{a+4}-\frac{5}{a+4}=1-\frac{5}{a+4}\)
Để \(x\in Z\)thì \(a+4\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\)
Vậy \(a\in\left\{-9;-5;-3;1\right\}\)
Bài 2:
a) \(t=\frac{3x-8}{x-5}=\frac{3x-15}{x-5}+\frac{7}{x-5}=\frac{3\left(x-5\right)}{x-5}+\frac{7}{x-5}=3+\frac{7}{x-5}\)
Để \(t\in Z\)thì \(x-5\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-2;4;6;12\right\}\)
b)\(q=\frac{2x+1}{x-3}=\frac{2x-6}{x-3}+\frac{7}{x-3}=\frac{2\left(x-3\right)}{x-3}+\frac{7}{\left(x-3\right)}=2+\frac{7}{x-3}\)
Để \(q\in Z\)thì \(x-3\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-4;2;4;10\right\}\)
c)\(p=\frac{3x-2}{x+3}=\frac{3x+9}{x+3}-\frac{11}{x+3}=\frac{3\left(x+3\right)}{x+3}-\frac{11}{x+3}=3-\frac{11}{x+3}\)
Để \(p\in Z\)thì \(x+3\inƯ\left(11\right)=\left\{-11;-1;1;11\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-14;-4;-2;8\right\}\)
Bài 3:
Gọi \(d\inƯC\left(2m+9;14m+62\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2m+9\right)⋮d\\\left(14m+62\right)⋮d\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}7\left(2m+9\right)⋮d\\\left(14m+62\right)⋮d\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(14m+63\right)⋮d\\\left(14m+62\right)⋮d\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(14m+63\right)-\left(14m+62\right)\right]⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow1⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow d=1\)
\(\RightarrowƯC\left(2m+9;14m+62\right)=1\)
Vậy \(x=\frac{2m+9}{14m+62}\)là p/s tối giản
a) x - 1 thuộc Ư(3) = {-3; -1; 1; 3} => x thuộc {-2; 0; 2; 4}
b) \(B=\frac{x+3-5}{x+3}=1-\frac{5}{x+3}\) => x + 3 thuộc Ư(5) = {-5; -1; 1; 5} => x thuộc {-8; -4; -2; 2}
c) \(C=\frac{2x-6+7}{x-3}=2+\frac{7}{x-3}\) => x - 3 thuộc Ư(7) = {-7; -1; 1; 7} => x thuộc {-4; 2; 4; 10}
d) \(D\) nguyên <=> x2 - 1 = x2 + x - x - 1 = x.(x + 1) - x - 1 chia hết cho x + 1
<=> x - 1 = x + 1 - 2 chia hết cho x + 1
<=> 2 chia hết cho x + 1
<=> x + 1 thuộc Ư(2) = {-2; -1; 1; 2}
<=> x thuộc {-3; -2; 0; 1}
a) Để A nguyên thì 3 phải chia hết cho x-1 hay x-1 là ước của 3
\(\left(x-1\right)\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;2;-2;4\right\}\)
b) ta có :\(B=\frac{x-2}{x+3}=\frac{x+3-5}{x+3}=1-\frac{5}{x+3}\)
để B nguyên thì 5 phải chia hết cho x+3 hay x+3 là ước của 5
\(\left(x+3\right)\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-1;1;-5;5\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-4;-2;2;-8\right\}\)
c) ta có :\(C=\frac{2x+1}{x-3}=\frac{2\left(x-3\right)+7}{x-3}=2.1+\frac{7}{x-3}=2+\frac{7}{x-3}\)
để C nguyên thì 7 phải chia hết cho x-3 hay x-3 là ước của 7
\(\left(x-3\right)\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{-1;1;7;-7\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{2;4;-4;10\right\}\)
d) tương tự
a) (x + 1/2) . (2/3 − 2x) = 0
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x+\frac{1}{2}=0\\\frac{2}{3}-2x=0\end{array}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\2x=\frac{2}{3}\end{array}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x=-\frac{1}{2}\\x=\frac{1}{3}\end{array}\right.\)
b) \(\left(x.6\frac{2}{7}+\frac{3}{7}\right).2\frac{1}{5}-\frac{3}{7}=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x.\frac{44}{7}+\frac{3}{7}\right).\frac{11}{5}=-2+\frac{3}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x.\frac{44}{7}+\frac{3}{7}\right).\frac{11}{5}=-\frac{11}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow x.\frac{44}{7}+\frac{3}{7}=-\frac{11}{7}:\frac{11}{5}=-\frac{11}{7}.\frac{5}{11}\)
\(\Rightarrow x.\frac{44}{7}+\frac{3}{7}=-\frac{5}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow x.\frac{44}{7}=-\frac{5}{7}-\frac{3}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow x.\frac{44}{7}=-\frac{8}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\frac{8}{7}:\frac{44}{7}=-\frac{8}{7}.\frac{7}{44}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\frac{2}{11}\)
c) \(x.3\frac{1}{4}+\left(-\frac{7}{6}\right).x-1\frac{2}{3}=\frac{5}{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(3\frac{1}{4}-\frac{7}{6}\right)=\frac{5}{12}+\frac{5}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(\frac{13}{4}-\frac{7}{6}\right)=\frac{25}{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow x.\frac{25}{12}=\frac{25}{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{25}{12}:\frac{25}{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=1\)
d) \(5\frac{8}{17}:x+\left(-\frac{4}{17}\right):x+3\frac{1}{7}:17\frac{1}{3}=\frac{4}{11}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(5\frac{8}{17}-\frac{4}{17}\right):x+\frac{22}{7}:\frac{52}{3}=\frac{4}{11}\)
\(\Rightarrow5\frac{4}{17}:x+\frac{33}{182}=\frac{4}{11}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{89}{17}:x=\frac{4}{11}-\frac{33}{182}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{89}{17}:x=\frac{365}{2002}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{89}{17}:\frac{365}{2002}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\approx28,7\) (số hơi lẻ)
e) \(\frac{17}{2}-\left|2x-\frac{3}{4}\right|=-\frac{7}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|2x-\frac{3}{4}\right|=\frac{17}{2}+\frac{7}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|2x-\frac{3}{4}\right|=\frac{41}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}2x-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{41}{4}\\2x-\frac{3}{4}=-\frac{41}{4}\end{array}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}2x=11\\2x=-\frac{19}{2}\end{array}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x=\frac{11}{2}\\x=-\frac{19}{4}\end{array}\right.\)
\(A=\frac{3}{2}\times\left(\frac{1}{13\times11}+\frac{1}{13\times15}+\frac{1}{15\times17}+.....+\frac{1}{97\times99}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{3}{2}\times\left(\frac{1}{11}-\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{13}-\frac{1}{15}+\frac{1}{15}-\frac{1}{17}+......+\frac{1}{97}-\frac{1}{99}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{3}{2}\times\left(\frac{1}{11}-\frac{1}{99}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{3}{2}\times\frac{8}{99}\)
\(A=\frac{4}{33}\)
b] \(\frac{A}{5}=\frac{4}{31.35}+\frac{6}{35.41}+\frac{9}{41.50}+\frac{7}{50.57}\)
\(\frac{A}{5}=\frac{1}{31}-\frac{1}{35}+\frac{1}{35}-\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{41}-\frac{1}{50}+\frac{1}{50}-\frac{1}{57}\)
\(\frac{A}{5}=\frac{1}{31}-\frac{1}{57}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=5\left(\frac{1}{31}-\frac{1}{57}\right)=\frac{130}{1767}\)
c] Ta đặt \(\left(8n+5,6n+4\right)=d\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{8n+5\div d}{6n+4\div d}\Rightarrow4\times\left(6n+4\right)-3\times\left(8n+5\right)=\left(24n+16\right)-\left(24n+15\right):d\)\(\Rightarrow d=1\)
Vậy \(\frac{8n+5}{6n+4}\)là phân số tối giản