Cho m và n là các hệ số nguyên dương \(\ge2\) và khác nhau. Tìm giới hạn sau :
\(L=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\left(1+mx\right)^n-\left(1+nx\right)^m}{x^2}\left(1\right)\)
K
Khách
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Những câu hỏi liên quan
HT
6 tháng 2 2021
Tui nghĩ cái này L'Hospital chứ giải thông thường là ko ổn :)
\(M=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{\left(1+4x\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}-\left(1+6x\right)^{\dfrac{1}{3}}}{1-\cos3x}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+4x\right)^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}.4-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+6x\right)^{-\dfrac{2}{3}}.6}{3.\sin3x}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{-\dfrac{1}{4}.4\left(1+4x\right)^{-\dfrac{3}{2}}.4+\dfrac{2}{9}.6.6\left(1+6x\right)^{-\dfrac{5}{3}}}{3.3.\cos3x}\)
Giờ thay x vô là được
\(N=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{\left(1+ax\right)^{\dfrac{1}{m}}-\left(1+bx\right)^{\dfrac{1}{n}}}{\left(1+x\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}-1}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{m}.\left(1+ax\right)^{\dfrac{1}{m}-1}.a-\dfrac{1}{n}\left(1+bx\right)^{\dfrac{1}{n}-1}.b}{\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+x\right)^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{a}{m}-\dfrac{b}{n}}{\dfrac{1}{2}}\)
\(V=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{\left(1+mx\right)^n-\left(1+nx\right)^m}{\left(1+2x\right)^{\dfrac{1}{2}}-\left(1+3x\right)^{\dfrac{1}{3}}}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{n\left(1+mx\right)^{n-1}.m-m\left(1+nx\right)^{m-1}.n}{\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+2x\right)^{-\dfrac{1}{2}}.2-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+3x\right)^{-\dfrac{2}{3}}.3}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{n\left(n-1\right)\left(1+mx\right)^{n-2}.m-m\left(m-1\right)\left(1+nx\right)^{m-2}.n}{-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+2x\right)^{-\dfrac{3}{2}}.2+\dfrac{2}{9}.3.3\left(1+3x\right)^{-\dfrac{5}{3}}}=....\left(thay-x-vo-la-duoc\right)\)
4 tháng 5 2016
Ta có \(\frac{x^n-nx+n-1}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(x^n-1\right)-n\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^{n-1}+x^{n-1}+....+x+1-n\right)}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\) (1)
Từ (1) suy ra :
\(L=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{x^{n-1}+x^{n-2}+.....+x-\left(n-1\right)}{x-1}\) (2)
\(L=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{\left(x^{n-1}-1\right)+\left(x^{n-2}-1\right)+.....+\left(x-1\right)}{x-1}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left[\left(x^{n-1}+x^{n-3}+.....+x+1\right)+.....+\left(x+1\right)+1\right]}{x-1}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\left[1+\left(x+1\right)+....+\left(x^{n-2}+x^{n-3}+.....+x+1\right)\right]\)
\(=1+2+....+\left(n-1\right)=\frac{n\left(n-1\right)}{2}\)
HT
13 tháng 1 2021
x tiến đến đâu bạn, điều kiện của m và n nữa, mình nghĩ m,n>=2 mới hợp lý
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
5 tháng 2 2021
Chúng ta tính giới hạn sau:
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{1-\sqrt[n]{x}}{1-x}\)
Cách đơn giản nhất là sử dụng L'Hopital:
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{1-x^{\dfrac{1}{n}}}{1-x}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{-\dfrac{1}{n}x^{\dfrac{1}{n}-1}}{-1}=\dfrac{1}{n}\)
Phức tạp hơn thì tách mẫu theo hằng đẳng thức
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{1-\sqrt[x]{n}}{\left(1-\sqrt[n]{x}\right)\left(1+\sqrt[n]{x}+\sqrt[n]{x^2}+...+\sqrt[n]{x^{n-1}}\right)}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt[n]{x}+\sqrt[n]{x^2}+...+\sqrt[n]{x^{n-1}}}=\dfrac{1}{n}\)
Tóm lại ta có:
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{1-\sqrt[n]{x}}{1-x}=\dfrac{1}{n}\)
Do đó:
\(I_1=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\left(\dfrac{1-\sqrt[2]{x}}{1-x}\right)\left(\dfrac{1-\sqrt[3]{x}}{1-x}\right)...\left(\dfrac{1-\sqrt[n]{x}}{1-x}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{3}...\dfrac{1}{n}=\dfrac{1}{n!}\)
Câu 2 cũng vậy: L'Hopital hoặc tách hằng đẳng thức trâu bò (thôi L'Hopital đi cho đỡ sợ)
\(I_2=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{1+x^2}+x\right)^n-\left(\sqrt{1+x^2}-x\right)^n}{x}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\dfrac{n\left(\sqrt{1+x^2}+x\right)^{n-1}\left(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+1\right)-n\left(\sqrt{1+x^2}-x\right)^{n-1}\left(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}-1\right)}{1}\)
\(=\dfrac{n.1-n\left(-1\right)}{1}=2n\)
1 tháng 4 2020
\( C = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \dfrac{{{{\left( {3x + 1} \right)}^3} - {{\left( {1 - 4x} \right)}^4}}}{x}\\ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \dfrac{{{{\left( {3x + 1} \right)}^3} - 1}}{x} - \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \dfrac{{{{\left( {1 - 4x} \right)}^4} - 1}}{x}\\ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \dfrac{{3x\left[ {{{\left( {3x + 1} \right)}^2} + \left( {3x + 1} \right) + 1} \right]}}{x} - \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \dfrac{{ - 4x\left( {2 - 4x} \right)\left[ {{{\left( {1 - 4x} \right)}^2} + 1} \right]}}{x}\\ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} 3\left[ {{{\left( {3x + 1} \right)}^2} + \left( {3x + 1} \right) + 1} \right] + \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} 4\left( {2 - 4x} \right)\left[ {{{\left( {1 - 4x} \right)}^2} + 1} \right] = 25 \)
1 tháng 4 2020
\( D = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \dfrac{{\left( {1 + x} \right)\left( {1 + 2x} \right)\left( {1 + 3x} \right) - 1}}{x}\\ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \dfrac{{\left( {1 + 2x + x + 2{x^2}} \right)\left( {1 + 3x} \right) - 1}}{x}\\ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \dfrac{{{{\left( {1 + 3x + 2x} \right)}^2}\left( {1 + 3x} \right) - 1}}{x}\\ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \dfrac{{6x + 11{x^2} + 6{x^3}}}{x}\\ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} \dfrac{{x\left( {6 + 11x + 6{x^2}} \right)}}{x}\\ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to 0} 6 + 11x + 6{x^2} = 6 \)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
15 tháng 3 2020
Bài 1:
\(a=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-1}\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^4-x^3+x^2-x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-1}\frac{x^4-x^3+x^2-x+1}{x^2-x+1}=\frac{5}{3}\)
\(b=\frac{1-5+1}{0}=\frac{-3}{0}=-\infty\)
\(c=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{x\left(1+2x\right)\left(1+3x\right)+2x\left(1+3x\right)+3x}{x}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\left[\left(1+2x\right)\left(1+3x\right)+2\left(1+3x\right)+3\right]=1+2+3=6\)
\(d=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{5\left(1+x\right)^4-1}{5x^4+2x}=\frac{4}{0}=+\infty\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
15 tháng 3 2020
Bài 2:
\(a=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{x^m-1}{x^n-1}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{mx^{m-1}}{nx^{n-1}}=\frac{m}{n}\)
\(b=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{x-a}{x^n-a^n}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow a}\frac{1}{nx^{n-1}}=\frac{1}{n.a^{n-1}}\)
\(c=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{x+x^2+...+x^n-n}{x-1}=\frac{-n}{-1}=n\)
\(\left(1+x\right)\left(1+2x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)=x\left(1+2x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)+\left(1+2x\right)\left(1+3x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)\)
\(=x\left(1+2x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)+2x\left(1+3x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)+\left(1+3x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)\)
\(=...\)
\(=x\left(1+2x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)+2x\left(1+3x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)+...+nx+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\left(1+2x\right)\left(1+3x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)-1}{x}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{x\left(1+2x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)+2x\left(1+3x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)+...+nx}{x}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\left[\left(1+2x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)+2\left(1+3x\right)...\left(1+nx\right)+...+n\right]\)
\(=1+2+3+...+n=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
2 tháng 4 2020
\(A=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\left(x+1\right)^{\frac{1}{3}}-1}{\left(2x+1\right)^{\frac{1}{4}}-1}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\frac{1}{3}\left(x+1\right)^{-\frac{2}{3}}}{\frac{1}{2}\left(2x+1\right)^{-\frac{3}{4}}}=\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(B=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow7}\frac{\sqrt[3]{4x-1}\sqrt{x-2}}{\sqrt[4]{2x+2}-2}=\frac{3\sqrt{5}}{0}=+\infty\)
\(C=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\sqrt{\left(3x+1\right)\left(4x+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{2x+1}-1\right)}{x}+\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\sqrt{4x+1}\left(\sqrt{3x+1}-1\right)}{x}+\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\sqrt{4x+1}-1}{x}\)
Xét \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\sqrt{ax+1}-1}{x}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\left(ax+1\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}-1}{x}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\frac{a}{2}\left(ax+1\right)^{-\frac{1}{2}}}{1}=\frac{a}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{2}{2}+\frac{3}{2}+\frac{4}{2}=\frac{9}{2}\)
\(D=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\left(1+4x\right)^{\frac{1}{2}}-\left(1+6x\right)^{\frac{1}{3}}}{x^2}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{2\left(1+4x\right)^{-\frac{1}{2}}-2\left(1+6x\right)^{-\frac{2}{3}}}{2x}\)
\(D=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{-2\left(1+4x\right)^{-\frac{3}{2}}+4\left(1+6x\right)^{-\frac{5}{3}}}{1}=-2+4=2\)
\(E=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\left(1+ax\right)^{\frac{1}{n}}-\left(1+bx\right)^{\frac{1}{n}}}{x}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\frac{a}{n}\left(1+ax\right)^{\frac{1-n}{n}}-\frac{b}{n}\left(1+bx\right)^{\frac{1-n}{n}}}{1}=\frac{a-b}{n}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
2 tháng 4 2020
Vì câu đó ko phải dạng vô định, nó là 1 giới hạn bình thường.
Mình đoán bạn ghi nhầm đề, đề bài là \(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow7}\frac{\sqrt[3]{4x-1}-\sqrt{x+2}}{\sqrt[4]{2x+2}-2}\) thì hợp lý hơn, đây là 1 giới hạn vô định \(\frac{0}{0}\)
12 tháng 5 2016
Ta có \(L_m=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\left(\frac{m-\left(1+x+x^2+.....+x^{m-1}\right)}{1-x^m}\right)\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{\left(1-x\right)+\left(1-x^2\right)+.....+\left(1-x^{m-1}\right)}{1-x^m}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\frac{\left(1-x\right)\left[1+\left(1+x\right)+.....+\left(1+x+x^2+.....+x^{m-2}\right)\right]}{\left(1-x\right)\left(1+x+x^2+.....+x^{m-1}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1+2+3+....+\left(m-1\right)}{m}=\frac{\left(m-1\right)m}{2m}=\frac{m-1}{2}\)
6 tháng 2 2023
1: \(A=\dfrac{x^2-\left(a+1\right)x+a}{x^3-a^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-xa-x+a}{\left(x-a\right)\left(x^2+ax+a^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-a\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-a\right)\left(x^2+ax+a^2\right)}=\dfrac{x-1}{x^2+ax+a^2}\)
\(lim_{x->a}A=lim_{x->a}\left(\dfrac{x-1}{x^2+ax+a^2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{a-1}{a^2+a^2+a^2}=\dfrac{a-1}{3a^2}\)
2: \(B=\dfrac{1}{1-x}-\dfrac{3}{1-x^3}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{x-1}+\dfrac{3}{x^3-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{-x^2-x-1+3}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{-x^2-x+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{-x-2}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(lim_{x->1}\left(B\right)=\dfrac{-1-2}{1^2+1+1}=\dfrac{-3}{3}=-1\)
3: \(C=\dfrac{\left(x+h\right)^3-x^3}{h}=\dfrac{\left(x+h-x\right)\left(x^2+2xh+h^2+x^2+hx+x^2\right)}{h}\)
\(=3x^2+3hx\)
\(lim_{h->0}\left(C\right)=3x^2+3\cdot0\cdot x=3x^2\)
Áp dụng công thức khai triển nhị thức Newton, ta có :
\(\left(1+mx\right)^n=1+C_n^1\left(mx\right)+C_n^2\left(mx\right)^2+.....C_n^n\left(mx\right)^n\)
\(\left(1+nx\right)^m=1+C_m^1\left(nx\right)+C_m^2\left(nx\right)+....+C_m^m\left(nx\right)^m\)
Mặt khác ta có : \(C_n^1\left(mx\right)=C_n^1\left(nx\right)=mnx\)
\(C_n^2\left(mx\right)^2=\frac{n\left(n-1\right)}{2}m^2x^2;C_m^2\left(nx\right)^2=\frac{m\left(m-1\right)}{2}n^2x^2;\)
Từ đó ta có :
\(L=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\frac{\left[\frac{n\left(n-1\right)}{2}m^2-\frac{m\left(m-1\right)}{2}n^2\right]x^2+\alpha_3x^3+\alpha_4x^4+....+\alpha_kx^k}{x^2}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (2) ta có : \(L=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0}\left[\frac{mn\left(n-m\right)}{2}+\alpha_3x+\alpha_4x^2+....+\alpha_kx^{k-2}\right]=\frac{mn\left(n-m\right)}{2}\)