Giải PT
\(4\sqrt{x+1}=x^2-5x+14\)
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a.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}=1+\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x^3+x^2+x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)
\(x^2-6x+9+x+1-4\sqrt{x+1}+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\\sqrt{x+1}-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
c.
ĐKXĐ: \(-2\le x\le\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(VT=2x+3\sqrt{4-5x}+1.\sqrt{x+2}\)
\(VT\le2x+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(9+4-5x\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+x+2\right)=8\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=-1\)
ĐKXĐ:x\(\ge-1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}=a\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a^2=x+1\\a^2-1=x\\x^2=a^4-2a^2+1\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó pt trên trở thành : \(4a=a^4-2a^2+1-5\left(a^2-1\right)+14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-2a^2+1-5a^2+5+14-4a=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-7a^2-4a+20=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-4a^2-3a^2+6a-10a+20=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)-3a\left(a-2\right)-10\left(a-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(a^3+2a^2-3a-10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(a^3-2a^2+4a^2-8a+5a-10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(a-2\right)\left(a^2+4a+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)^2=0\)(vì a2+4a+5=(a+2)2+1\(\ge1>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)(thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ)
Đk:\(x\ge-1\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+9+x+1-4\sqrt{x+1}+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(x-3\right)^2=0\\\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
2.
\(DK:\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge-\frac{1}{5}\\x\ne0\end{cases}}\)
PT
\(\Leftrightarrow6+3\sqrt{5x+1}\left(\sqrt{5x+1}-1\right)=14\left(\sqrt{5x+1}-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15x+23-17\sqrt{5x+1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(68-17\sqrt{5x+1}\right)+\left(15x-45\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{17\left(x-3\right)}{4+\sqrt{5x+1}}+15\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(\frac{17}{4+\sqrt{5x+1}}+15\right)=0\)
Vi \(\frac{17}{4+\sqrt{5x+1}}+15>0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=3\left(n\right)\)
Vay nghiem cua PT la \(x=3\)
c/
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3\left(x+1\right)^2+4}+\sqrt{5\left(x+1\right)^2+9}=5-\left(x+1\right)^2\)
Do \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\) ;\(\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\ge\sqrt{0+4}=2\\\sqrt{5\left(x+1\right)^2+9}\ge\sqrt{0+9}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge5\)
\(VP=5-\left(x+1\right)^2\le5\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left(x+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}=1+\sqrt{x-2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1=1+x-2+2\sqrt{x-2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(x^2\ge2\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-2}=t\ge0\Rightarrow x^2=t^2+2\)
Pt trở thành: \(t^2+2-t=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-t-2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=-1\left(l\right)\\t=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2-2}=2\Leftrightarrow x^2=6\Rightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{6}\)
Lời giải:
1. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \frac{-5+\sqrt{21}}{2}$
PT $\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+1=x+1$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x(x+4)=0$
$\Rightarrow x=0$ hoặc $x=-4$
Kết hợp đkxđ suy ra $x=0$
2. ĐKXĐ: $x\leq 2$
PT $\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+4=2-x$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x+2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+1)(x+2)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x+1=0$ hoặc $x+2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=-1$ hoặc $x=-2$
3.
ĐKXĐ: $-2\leq x\leq 2$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2x+4}=\sqrt{2-x}$
$\Leftrightarrow 2x+4=2-x$
$\Leftrightarrow 3x=-2$
$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-2}{3}$ (tm)
Bạn tham khảo lời giải tại đây:
https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/giai-pt-sqrtx-2sqrt4-x2x2-5x-1.219493072549
Trả lời
Ta có: \(x^2-5x+14=\left(x-3\right)^2+x+5\ge x+5\ge x+1+4\ge4\sqrt{x+1}\)\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)Vậy để \(VT\ge VP\Leftrightarrow x=3\)(dấu "=" xảy ra)