Tính nhanh:
M= \(\frac{\frac{2021}{1}+\frac{2020}{2}+\frac{2019}{3}+...+\frac{2}{2020}+\frac{1}{2022}}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2020}+\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2022}}\)
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Ta có : A = \(\frac{10^{2020}+1}{10^{2021}+1}\)
=> 10A = \(\frac{10^{2021}+10}{10^{2021}+1}=1+\frac{9}{10^{2021}+1}\)
Lại có : \(B=\frac{10^{2021}+1}{10^{2022}+1}\)
=> \(10B=\frac{10^{2022}+10}{10^{2022}+1}=1+\frac{9}{10^{2022}+1}\)
Vì \(\frac{9}{10^{2022}+1}< \frac{9}{10^{2021}+1}\)
=> \(1+\frac{9}{10^{2022}+1}< 1+\frac{9}{10^{2022}+1}\)
=> 10B < 10A
=> B < A
b) Ta có : \(\frac{2019}{2020+2021}< \frac{2019}{2020}\)
Lại có : \(\frac{2020}{2020+2021}< \frac{2020}{2021}\)
=> \(\frac{2019}{2020+2021}+\frac{2020}{2020+2021}< \frac{2019}{2020}+\frac{2020}{2021}\)
=> \(\frac{2019+2020}{2020+2021}< \frac{2019}{2020}+\frac{2020}{2021}\)
=> B < A
ko ghi lại đề
ta thấy : 2019 - 1 = 2018
2020 - 2 = 2018
2021 - 3 = 2018
2022 - 4 = 2018
=> x = 2018
thử lại :
2018+1/2019 + 2018+2/2020 = 2018+3/2021 + 2018+4/2022
= 1 + 1 = 1 + 1
2 = 2
\(\frac{x+4}{2019}+\frac{x+3}{2020}=\frac{x+2}{2021}+\frac{x+1}{2020}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow(\frac{x+4}{2019}+1)+(\frac{x+3}{2020}+1)=(\frac{x+2}{2021}+1)+(\frac{x+1}{2022}+1)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2023}{2019}+\frac{x+2023}{2020}=\frac{x+2023}{2021}+\frac{x+2023}{2022}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+2023}{2019}+\frac{x+2023}{2020}-\frac{x+2023}{2021}-\frac{x+2023}{2022}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2023\right)\left(\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2020}-\frac{1}{2021}-\frac{1}{2020}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2023=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-2023\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2020}+\frac{2}{2019}+\frac{3}{2018}+...+\frac{2019}{2}+\frac{2020}{1}}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2021}}\)
\(A=\frac{1+\left(\frac{1}{2020}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2}{2019}+1\right)+\left(\frac{3}{2018}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{2019}{2}+1\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2021}}\)
\(A=\frac{\frac{2021}{2021}+\frac{2021}{2020}+\frac{2021}{2019}+...+\frac{2021}{2}}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2021}}\)
\(A=\frac{2021\left(\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2020}+\frac{1}{2019}+...+\frac{1}{2}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2021}}=2021\)
TA XÉT PHÂN THỨC TỔNG QUÁT SAU:
\(A=\frac{1}{n\sqrt{n+1}+\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}.\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}.\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\left(n+1-n\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
THAY LẦN LƯỢT CÁC GIÁ TRỊ n từ 1 => 2021 vào ta được:
=> \(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2020}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2021}}\)
=> \(A=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2021}}=\frac{\sqrt{2021}-1}{\sqrt{2021}}\)
VẬY \(A=\frac{\sqrt{2021}-1}{\sqrt{2021}}.\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(a-1\right)\sqrt{a}+a.\sqrt{a-1}}=\frac{a-\left(a-1\right)}{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a-1}.\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a-1}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a-1}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a-1}\right)}{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a-1}.\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a-1}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a-1}}{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a-1}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a-1}}-\frac{\sqrt{a-1}}{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{a-1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a-1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\)
Thay lần lượt các giá trị của a bằng \(2;3;4;........;2021\)ta được:
\(S=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+.........+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2020}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2021}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2021}}=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2021}}\)
a)
\(P=a\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}}+\frac{a}{b}=a\sqrt{\frac{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2+\left(a+1\right)^2+a^2}{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2}}+\frac{a}{a+1}\)
=\(a\sqrt{\frac{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2+2a\left(a+1\right)+1}{a^2\left(a+1\right)^2}}+\frac{a}{a+1}=a\sqrt{\frac{\left[a\left(a+1\right)+1\right]^2}{\left[a\left(a+1\right)\right]^2}}+\frac{a}{a+1}\)
\(=a.\frac{a\left(a+1\right)+1}{a\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{a}{a+1}=a+\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{a}{a+1}=a+1\)
Vay P=a+1
phan b,c ap dung phan a la ra
CM bài toán phụ: \(x+y+z=0\)
CM: \(I=\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\) với x,y,z dương
Ta có: \(I=\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2-2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2-2\cdot\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
Áp dụng vào ta được: \(Q=1+1-\frac{1}{2}+1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+1+\frac{1}{2020}-\frac{1}{2021}\)
\(Q=2021-\frac{1}{2021}=...\)
\(x-2019+\frac{x-2020}{2}=\frac{x-2021}{3}+\frac{x-2022}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2019+1+\frac{x-2020}{2}+1=\frac{x-2021}{3}+1+\frac{x-2022}{4}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2018+\frac{x-2020+2}{2}=\frac{x-2021+3}{3}+\frac{x-2022+4}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2018+\frac{x-2018}{2}-\frac{x-2018}{3}-\frac{x-2018}{4}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2018\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\frac{1}{12}\left(x-2018\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=2018\)
Bài làm :
Ta có :
\(x-2019+\frac{x-2020}{2}=\frac{x-2021}{3}+\frac{x-2022}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2019+1+\frac{x-2020}{2}+1=\frac{x-2021}{3}+1+\frac{x-2022}{4}+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2018+\frac{x-2020+2}{2}=\frac{x-2021+3}{3}+\frac{x-2022+4}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2018+\frac{x-2018}{2}-\frac{x-2018}{3}-\frac{x-2018}{4}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2018\right)\left(1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)=0\)
\(\text{Vì : }\left(1-\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)\ne0\Rightarrow x-2018=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2018\)
Vậy x=2018
c) Áp dụng công thức \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{a+b}\),ta được:
\(Q=1+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+1+\frac{1}{2020}-\frac{1}{2021}\)
\(=1+1+1+...+1-\frac{1}{2021}\)
\(=2021-\frac{1}{2021}=\frac{4084440}{2021}\)
Ta có \(\frac{2021}{1}+\frac{2020}{2}+\frac{2019}{3}+...+\frac{2}{2020}+\frac{1}{2021}\)
\(=1+\left(\frac{2020}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2019}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{2}{2020}+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2021}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{2022}{2022}+\frac{2022}{2}+\frac{2022}{3}+...+\frac{2022}{2020}+\frac{2022}{2021}\)
\(=\frac{2022}{2}+\frac{2022}{3}+...+\frac{2022}{2020}+\frac{2022}{2021}+\frac{2022}{2022}\)
\(=2022\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2020}+\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2022}\right)\)
Khi đó M = \(\frac{2022\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2022}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2022}}=2022\)
Trả lời:
Ta có: \(\frac{2021}{1}+\frac{2020}{2}+\frac{2019}{3}+...+\frac{2}{2020}+\frac{1}{2021}\)
\(=\left(1+1+...+1+1+1\right)+\frac{2020}{2}+\frac{2019}{3}+...+\frac{2}{2020}+\frac{1}{2021}\)
\(=\left(\frac{2020}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2019}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{2}{2020}+1\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2021}+1\right)+1\)
\(=\frac{2022}{2}+\frac{2022}{3}+...+\frac{2022}{2020}+\frac{2022}{2021}+\frac{2022}{2022}\)
\(=2022\cdot\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2020}+\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2022}\right)\)
Khi đó: \(M=\frac{2022\cdot\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2020}+\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2022}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2020}+\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2022}}=2022\)