Giải phương trình : \(\sin3x+\sqrt{3}\cos3x=2\sin2x\)
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Chọn D
Ta sẽ biến đổi phương trình thành dạng tích
Chú ý: có thể dùng 4 đáp án thay vào phương trình để kiểm tra đâu là nghiệm
ĐKXĐ:...
Biến đổi đoạn trong ngoặc trước cho đỡ rối:
\(cos4x+sin2x=cos\left(3x+x\right)+sin\left(3x-x\right)\)
\(=cos3x.cosx-sin3x.sinx+sin3x.cosx-cos3x.sinx\)
\(=cosx\left(cos3x+sin3x\right)-sinx\left(cos3x+sin3x\right)\)
\(=\left(cosx-sinx\right)\left(cos3x+sin3x\right)\)
Thay vào phương trình:
\(\left(cosx-sinx\right)^2=2\left(sinx+cosx\right)+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-2sinx.cosx=2\left(sinx+cosx\right)+3\)
Đặt \(sinx+cosx=a\Rightarrow-2sinx.cosx=1-a^2\)
\(2-a^2=2a+3\Rightarrow a=-1\Rightarrow sinx+cosx=-1\Rightarrow...\)
\( 2)\sin x + \sin 2x + \sin 3x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow 2\sin 2x.\cos x + \sin 2x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin 2x\left( {2\cos x + 1} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} \sin 2x = 0\\ 2\cos x + 1 = 0 \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} 2x = k\pi \\ \cos x = \dfrac{{ - 1}}{2} \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x = \dfrac{{k\pi }}{2}\\ x = \pm \dfrac{{2\pi }}{3} + k2\pi \end{array} \right.\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z} } \right) \)
\( 3)\sin x + \sin 2x + \sin 3x + \sin 4x = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left( {\sin x + \sin 4x} \right) + \left( {\sin 2x + \sin 3x} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow 2\sin \dfrac{{5x}}{2}.\cos \dfrac{{3x}}{2} + 2\sin \dfrac{{5x}}{2}.\cos \dfrac{x}{2} = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \dfrac{{5x}}{2}.\left( {\cos \dfrac{{3x}}{2} + \cos \dfrac{x}{2}} \right) = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \sin \dfrac{{5x}}{2}.2\cos x.\cos \dfrac{x}{2} = 0\\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} \sin \dfrac{{5x}}{2} = 0\\ 2\cos x = 0\\ \cos \dfrac{x}{2} = 0 \end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} x = \dfrac{{2k\pi }}{5}\\ x = \dfrac{\pi }{2} + k\pi \\ x = \pi + 2k\pi \end{array} \right.\left( {k \in \mathbb{Z}} \right) \)
b: \(\Leftrightarrow2\cdot\cos2x\cdot\cos x+2\cdot\sin x\cdot\cos2x=\sqrt{2}\cdot\cos2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\cdot\cos2x\left(\sin x+\cos x\right)=\sqrt{2}\cdot\cos2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}\cdot\cos2x\cdot\left[\sqrt{2}\cdot\sqrt{2}\cdot\sin\left(x+\dfrac{\Pi}{4}\right)-1\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\cos2x=0\\\sin\left(x+\dfrac{\Pi}{4}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=\dfrac{\Pi}{2}+k\Pi\\x+\dfrac{\Pi}{4}=\dfrac{\Pi}{6}+k2\Pi\\x+\dfrac{\Pi}{4}=\dfrac{5}{6}\Pi+k2\Pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{\dfrac{\Pi}{4}+\dfrac{k\Pi}{2};\dfrac{-1}{12}\Pi+k2\Pi;\dfrac{7}{12}\Pi+k2\Pi\right\}\)
c: \(\Leftrightarrow2\cdot\sin2x\cdot\cos x+\sin2x=2\cdot\cos2x\cdot\cos x+\cos2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sin2x\left(2\cos x+1\right)=\cos2x\left(2\cos x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sin2x=\cos2x=\sin\left(\dfrac{\Pi}{2}-2x\right)\\\cos x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\Pi}{8}+\dfrac{k\Pi}{4}\\\\x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\Pi+k2\Pi\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\Pi+k2\Pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2}.sin\left(3x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)-\sqrt{2}.sin\left(5x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=0\Leftrightarrow sin\left(3x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=sin\left(5x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi=5x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\\\pi-3x+\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi=5x-\dfrac{\pi}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{12}+k\pi\\x=\dfrac{19\pi}{96}+\dfrac{k\pi}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\); k\(\in Z\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sin3x+cos3x>=0\\2\cdot\left(sin3x+cos3x\right)^2=1+2\cdot sin6x+2\cdot sin2x\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sin3x+cos3x>=0\\2+2\cdot sin6x=1+2\cdot sin6x+2\cdot sin2x\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sin3x+cos3x>=0\left(1\right)\\sin2x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
(2): sin2x=1/2
=>2x=pi/6+k2pi hoặc 2x=5/6pi+k2pi
=>x=pi/12+kpi hoặc x=5/12pi+kpi
Khi x=pi/12+kpi thì:
\(sin3x+cos3x=sin\left(\dfrac{pi}{4}+3\cdot kpi\right)+cos\left(\dfrac{pi}{4}+3\cdot kpi\right)\)
Để sin 3x+cos3x>=0 thì k=2n
Khi x=5/12pi+kpi thì \(sin3x+cos3x=sin\left(\dfrac{5}{4}pi+3\cdot kpi\right)+cos\left(\dfrac{5}{4}pi+3\cdot k\cdot pi\right)\)
Để sin 3x+cos3x>=0 thì \(k=2n+1\)
=>Phương trình ban đầu sẽ có các nghiệm là: \(x=\dfrac{pi}{12}+2npi;x=\dfrac{17}{12}pi+2npi\)
a, \(sin4x.cosx-sin3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sin5x+\dfrac{1}{2}sin3x-sin3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin5x=sin3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x=3x+k2\pi\\5x=\pi-3x+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=k\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{8}+\dfrac{k\pi}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(sin2x+\sqrt{3}cos2x=\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}sin2x+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}cos2x=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(2x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\2x+\dfrac{\pi}{3}=\dfrac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{\pi}{24}+k\pi\\x=\dfrac{5\pi}{24}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) cosx - √3sinx = √2 ⇔ cosx - tansinx = √2
⇔ coscosx - sinsinx = √2cos ⇔ cos(x + ) =
⇔
b) 3sin3x - 4cos3x = 5 ⇔ sin3x - cos3x = 1.
Đặt α = arccos thì phương trình trở thành
cosαsin3x - sinαcos3x = 1 ⇔ sin(3x - α) = 1 ⇔ 3x - α = + k2π
⇔ x = , k ∈ Z (trong đó α = arccos).
\(\sin3x+\sqrt{3}\cos3x=2\sin2x\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{2}.sin3x+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}.cos3x=sin2x\)
<=> \(sin\left(3x+\frac{\pi}{3}\right)=sin2x\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}3x+\frac{\pi}{3}=2x+k2\pi\\3x+\frac{\pi}{3}=\pi-2x+k2\pi\end{cases}}\) \(k\inℤ\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\frac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\\x=\frac{2\pi}{15}+\frac{k2\pi}{5}\end{cases}}\)
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