Tìm GTNN của các biểu thức sau:
a) A = x2 + 3
b) B = ( x + 3 )2 + 9
c) C = x2 + 2x + 3
d) D = xy + 7 với x - y = 4
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Bài 1:
\(a,6x^2-15x^3y\\ b,=-\dfrac{2}{3}x^2y^3+\dfrac{2}{3}x^4y-\dfrac{8}{3}xy\)
Bài 2:
\(a,=20x^3-10x^2+5x-20x^3+10x^2+4x=9x\\ b,=3x^2-6x-5x+5x^2-8x^2+24=24-11x\\ c,=x^5+x^3-2x^3-2x=x^5-x^3-2x\)
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(B_{min}=1\) khi (x,y)=(-1;2)
c) Ta có: \(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(C_{min}=-7\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=2x^2+x=2\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)=2\left(x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{16}\right]\ge-\dfrac{1}{8}\) dấu"=' xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\)
\(\ge1\) dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=-1;y=2
\(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{2},y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(D=\left(2+x\right)\left(x+4\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
=\(x^2+6x+8-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-1-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2\left(2-x\right)-1\ge-1\)
dấu"=" xảy ra\(< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Trả lời:
a, \(x^2-6x+11=x^2-6x+9+2=\left(x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x - 3 = 0 <=> x = 3
Vậy GTNN của biểu thức bằng 2 khi x = 3
b, \(-x^2+6x-11=-\left(x^2-6x+11\right)=-\left(x^2-6x+9+2\right)=-\left[\left(x-3\right)^2+2\right]\)
\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2-2\le-2\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x - 3 = 0 <=> x = 3
Vậy GTLN của biểu thức bằng - 2 khi x = 3
c, \(x^2+2x+2=x^2+2x+1+1=\left(x+1\right)^2+1\ge1>0\forall x\inℤ\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x + 1 = 0 <=> x = - 1
a: Ta có: \(A=x^2+3x+4\)
\(=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{7}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}\ge\dfrac{7}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(A=25x^2-20x+7\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot2+4+3\)
\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
d) Ta có: \(D=x^2-2x+2\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+1>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2-x+1\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(a,\\ A=25x^2-10x+11\\ =\left(5x\right)^2-2.5x.1+1^2+10\\ =\left(5x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\forall x\in R\\ Vậy:min_A=10.khi.5x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{5}\\ B=\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(11-x\right)^2\\ =\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+\left(121-22x+x^2\right)\\ =x^2+x^2-6x-22x+9+121=2x^2-28x+130\\ =2\left(x^2-14x+49\right)+32\\ =2\left(x-7\right)^2+32\\ Vì:2\left(x-7\right)^2\ge0\forall x\in R\\ Nên:2\left(x-7\right)^2+32\ge32\forall x\in R\\ Vậy:min_B=32.khi.\left(x-7\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=7\\Tương.tự.cho.biểu.thức.C\)
b:
\(D=-25x^2+10x-1-10\)
\(=-\left(25x^2-10x+1\right)-10\)
\(=-\left(5x-1\right)^2-10< =-10\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/5
\(E=-9x^2-6x-1+20\)
\(=-\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+20\)
\(=-\left(3x+1\right)^2+20< =20\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/3
\(F=-x^2+2x-1+1\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+1=-\left(x-1\right)^2+1< =1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1
Bài 5:
a) \(A=x^2-4x+9=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5=\left(x-2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
\(minA=5\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b) \(B=x^2-x+1=\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(minB=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) \(C=2x^2-6x=2\left(x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{2}=2\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\ge-\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(minC=-\dfrac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Bài 4:
a) \(M=4x-x^2+3=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
\(maxM=7\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b) \(N=x-x^2=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(maxN=\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c) \(P=2x-2x^2-5=-2\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{9}{2}=-2\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{9}{2}\le-\dfrac{9}{2}\)
\(maxP=-\dfrac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Bài 2 :
a, \(x^2-4x+4+1=\left(x-2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 2
b, Ta có \(\left(x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\Rightarrow\dfrac{-100}{\left(x+1\right)^2+10}\ge-\dfrac{100}{10}=-10\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = -1
Bài 1 :
a, Ta có \(A\left(x\right)=x^2-4x+4=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b, \(B\left(x\right)=x^2\left(2x+1\right)+\left(2x+1\right)=\left(x^2+1>0\right)\left(2x+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c, \(C\left(x\right)=\left|2x-3\right|=\dfrac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=\dfrac{1}{3}+3=\dfrac{10}{3}\\2x=-\dfrac{1}{3}+3=\dfrac{8}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{3}\\x=\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
1:
a: =x^2-7x+49/4-5/4
=(x-7/2)^2-5/4>=-5/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=7/2
b: =x^2+x+1/4-13/4
=(x+1/2)^2-13/4>=-13/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/2
e: =x^2-x+1/4+3/4=(x-1/2)^2+3/4>=3/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/2
f: x^2-4x+7
=x^2-4x+4+3
=(x-2)^2+3>=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=2
2:
a: A=2x^2+4x+9
=2x^2+4x+2+7
=2(x^2+2x+1)+7
=2(x+1)^2+7>=7
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
b: x^2+2x+4
=x^2+2x+1+3
=(x+1)^2+3>=3
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1
Áp dụng Bunyakovsky, ta có :
\(\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x.1+y.1\right)^2=1\)
=> \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
=> \(Min_C=\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Mấy cái kia tương tự
\(a)\) Ta có :
\(x^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(A=x^2+3\ge3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=0\)
Vậy GTNN của \(A\) là \(3\) khi \(x=0\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
\(b)\) Ta có :
\(\left(x+3\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(B=\left(x+3\right)^2+9\ge9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left(x+3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=-3\)
Vậy GTNN của \(B\) là \(9\) khi \(x=-3\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~