Cho S= 1/3 +1/4+1/5+...+1/8+1/9.Chứng minh 1<S<2
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Ta có S=1/2^2+1/3^2+1/4^2+...+1/9^2
<1/2²+1/2*3+1/3*4+....+1/8*9
=1/2²+1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+....+1/8-1/9
=1/4+1/2-1/9=23/36<32/36=8/9 (♪)
Ta lại có S=1/2^2+1/3^2+1/4^2+...+1/9^2
>1/2²+1/3*4+1/4*5+....+1/9*10
=1/2²+1/3-1/4+1/4-1/5+........+1/9-1/10
=1/2²+1/3-1/10
=19/20>8/20=2/5 ( ♫)
Từ (♪)( ♫) cho ta đpcm
Ta có:\(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+\frac{1}{4.4}+...+\frac{1}{9.9}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{8.9}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{8.9}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{9}\)
\(=\frac{8}{9}\)
Lại có \(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+\frac{1}{4.4}+...+\frac{1}{9.9}>\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{9.10}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}\)
\(=\frac{2}{5}\)
Vậy \(\frac{2}{5}< S< \frac{8}{9}\)
S< 1/1.2+1/2.3+1/3.4+...+1/8.9 = 1/1-1/2+1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+...+1/8-1/9=1-1/9=8/9
=> S < 8/9
S> 1/2.3+1/3.4+1/4.5+...+1/9.10=1/2-1/3+1/3-1/4+1/4-1/5+...+1/9-1/10=1/2-1/10=4/10=2/5
=> S > 2/5
Đs: 2/5 < S < 8/9
\(\frac{1}{2\cdot2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2};...;\frac{1}{9\cdot9}< \frac{1}{8\cdot9}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}< \frac{1}{1\cdot2}+...+\frac{1}{8\cdot9}=1-\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{9}=1-\frac{1}{9}=\frac{8}{9}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2\cdot2}>\frac{1}{2\cdot3};...;\frac{1}{9\cdot9}>\frac{1}{9\cdot10}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{9^2}>\frac{1}{2\cdot3}+...+\frac{1}{9\cdot10}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{10}=\frac{2}{5}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1)(2) => đpcm
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