Biết A=1+2+2^2+...+2^2021;B=2^2021
Hãy chứng minh A và B là hai số tự nhiên liên tiếp.
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
A = \(\dfrac{2^{2021}+1}{2^{2021}}\) = \(\dfrac{2^{2021}}{2^{2021}}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\) = 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\)
B = \(\dfrac{2^{2021}+2}{2^{2021}+1}\) = \(\dfrac{2^{2021}+1+1}{2^{2021}+1}\) = \(\dfrac{2^{2021}+1}{2^{2021}+1}\) +\(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}+1}\) = 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}+1}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\) > \(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}+1}\) nên 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\) > 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}+1}\)
Vậy A > B
Ta có \(\frac{a}{a^2}=\frac{a^2}{a^3}=...=\frac{a^{2020}}{a^{2021}}=\frac{a+a^2+....+a^{2020}}{a^2+a^3+...+a^{2021}}\)
=> \(\frac{a}{a^2}=\frac{a+a^2+...+a^{2020}}{a^2+a^3+...+a^{2021}}\)
=> \(\left(\frac{a}{a^2}\right)^{2020}=\left(\frac{a+a^2+...+a^{2020}}{a^2+a^3+...+a^{2021}}\right)^{2020}\)
=> \(\frac{a}{a^2}.\frac{a}{a^2}...\frac{a}{a^2}=\left(\frac{a+a^2+...+a^{2020}}{a^2+a^3+...+a^{2021}}\right)^{2020}\)(2020 thừa số \(\frac{a}{a^2}\))
=> \(\frac{a}{a^2}.\frac{a^2}{a^3}...\frac{a^{2020}}{a^{2021}}=\left(\frac{a+a^2+...+a^{2020}}{a^2+a^3+...+a^{2021}}\right)^{2020}\)(Vì \(\frac{a}{a^2}=\frac{a^2}{a^3}=...=\frac{a^{2020}}{a^{2021}}\))
=> \(\frac{a}{a^{2021}}=\left(\frac{a+a^2+...+a^{2020}}{a^2+a^3+...+a^{2021}}\right)^{2020}\)(đpcm)
Lời giải:
$A=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2021}}$
$2A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+....+\frac{1}{2^{2020}}$
$\Rightarrow 2A-A=1-\frac{1}{2^{2021}}$
$\Rightarrow A=1-\frac{1}{2^{2021}}
$B=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{60}=\frac{4}{5}=1-\frac{1}{5}$
Hiển nhiên $\frac{1}{2^{2021}}< \frac{1}{5}\Rightarrow 1-\frac{1}{2^{2021}}> 1-\frac{1}{5}$
$\Rightarrow A> B$
Ta có: \(A=\left(1+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{2}{5}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{2}{7}\right)\cdot...\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{2}{2021}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{3}\cdot\dfrac{7}{5}\cdot\dfrac{9}{7}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{2023}{2021}\)
\(=\dfrac{2023}{3}\)
=>1-1/2+1/2-1/3+...+1/a-1/(a+1)=2020/2021
=>1-1/(a+1)=2020/2021
=>1/(a+1)=1/2021
=>a+1=2021
=>a=2020
Ta có: \(\frac{2022}{2021^2+k}\le\frac{2022}{2021^2}\) (với \(k\)là số tự nhiên bất kì)
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{2022}{2021^2+1}+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}\)
\(\le\frac{2022}{2021^2}+\frac{2022}{2021^2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2}=\frac{2022}{2021^2}.2021=\frac{2022}{2021}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{2022}{2021^2+k}>\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}=\frac{2022}{2021.2022}=\frac{1}{2021}\)với \(k\)tự nhiên, \(k< 2021\))
Suy ra \(A=\frac{2022}{2021^2+1}+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}\)
\(>\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2021}+...+\frac{1}{2021}=\frac{2021}{2021}=1\)
Suy ra \(1< A\le\frac{2022}{2021}\)do đó \(A\)không phải là số tự nhiên.
Ta có: 202220212+k≤202220212202220212+k≤202220212 (với kklà số tự nhiên bất kì)
Ta có:
A=202220212+1+202220212+2+...+202220212+2021A=202220212+1+202220212+2+...+202220212+2021
≤202220212+202220212+...+202220212=202220212.2021=20222021≤202220212+202220212+...+202220212=202220212.2021=20222021
Ta có: 202220212+k>202220212+2021=20222021.2022=12021202220212+k>202220212+2021=20222021.2022=12021với kktự nhiên, k<2021k<2021)
Suy ra A=202220212+1+202220212+2+...+202220212+2021A=202220212+1+202220212+2+...+202220212+2021
>12021+12021+...+12021=20212021=1>12021+12021+...+12021=20212021=1
Suy ra 1<A≤202220211<A≤20222021do đó AAkhông phải là số tự nhiên.
Ta có: \(\frac{2022}{2021^2+k}\le\frac{2022}{2021^2}\) (với \(k\)là số tự nhiên bất kì)
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{2022}{2021^2+1}+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}\)
\(\le\frac{2022}{2021^2}+\frac{2022}{2021^2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2}=\frac{2022}{2021^2}.2021=\frac{2022}{2021}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{2022}{2021^2+k}>\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}=\frac{2022}{2021.2022}=\frac{1}{2021}\)với \(k\)tự nhiên, \(k< 2021\))
Suy ra \(A=\frac{2022}{2021^2+1}+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2}+...+\frac{2022}{2021^2+2021}\)
\(>\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2021}+...+\frac{1}{2021}=\frac{2021}{2021}=1\)
Suy ra \(1< A\le\frac{2022}{2021}\)do đó \(A\)không phải là số tự nhiên.