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1)
$n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{6,2}{62} = 0,1(mol)$
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH$
$n_{NaOH} = 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{dd} = 6,2 + 193,8 = 200(gam) \Rightarrow C\%_{NaOH} = \dfrac{0,2.40}{200}.100\% = 4\%$
2)
$n_{K_2O} = \dfrac{23,5}{94} = 0,25(mol)$
$K_2O + H_2O \to 2KOH$
$n_{KOH} = 2n_{K_2O} = 0,5(mol) \Rightarrow C_{M_{KOH}} = \dfrac{0,5}{0,5} = 1M$
3) $n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{12,4}{62} = 0,2(mol)$
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH$
$n_{NaOH} = 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,4(mol)$
$C_{M_{NaOH}} = \dfrac{0,4}{0,5} =0,8M$
4)
$Na_2SO_3 + 2HCl \to 2NaCl +S O_2 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{SO_2} = n_{Na_2SO_3} = \dfrac{12,6}{126} = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{SO_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)$
5) $n_{CaO} = \dfrac{5,6}{56} = 0,1(mol)$
$CaO + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{CaO} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,2.36,5}{14,6\%} = 50(gam)$
\(a,PTHH:Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{37,2}{62}=0,6\cdot2=1,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{1,2}{0,5}=2,4M\\ b,PTHH:2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,6\cdot98=58,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{58,8\cdot100\%}{20\%}=294\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd}=\dfrac{294}{1,14}\approx257,9\left(ml\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{31}{62}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:Na_2O+H_2O--->2NaOH\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2.n_{Na_2O}=2.0,5=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{1}{0,5}=2M\)
`Na_2O + H_2O -> 2NaOH`
`n_{Na_2O} = (31)/(62) = 0,5` `mol`
`n_{NaOH} = 2 . n_{Na_2O} = 1` `mol`
`C_{M_(NaOH)} = 1/(0,5) = 2` `M`
Bài 2:
a) PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
b) Dung dịch A là dung dịch bazơ
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{3,1}{62}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}=0,1\left(M\right)\)
c) Sửa đề: dd H2SO4 9,8%
PTHH: \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot98}{9,8\%}=50\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{50}{1,14}\approx43,86\left(ml\right)\)
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot19,6\%}{98}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot160}{200+16}\cdot100\%\approx14,81\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot98}{200+16}\cdot100\%\approx9,07\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a.n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ a.Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\\ 0,25.......0,25............0,25..........0,25\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,1}=2,5\left(M\right)\\ b.m_{\downarrow}=m_{CaCO_3}=100.0,25=25\left(g\right)\)
a, \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow CM_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\)
b, \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}\approx107,46\left(ml\right)\)
Bài 1 :
a) $2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2$
b) $n_{H_2} = \dfrac{5,6}{22,4} = 0,25(mol) \Rightarrow n_{Na} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,5(mol)$
$m_{Na} = 0,5.23 = 11,5(gam)$
c) $n_{NaOH} = n_{Na} = 0,5(mol)$
$C_{M_{NaOH}} = \dfrac{0,5}{0,2} = 2,5M$
$m_{H_2O} = D.V = 200.1 = 200(gam)$
$m_{dd} = 11,5 + 200 - 0,25.2 = 211(gam)$
$C\%_{NaOH} = \dfrac{0,5.40}{211}.100\% = 9,48\%$
Bài 2:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{11,2.20\%}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}2Al_2O_3\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,1}{4}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\Rightarrow O_2dư\\ \Rightarrow Sau.p.ứng:Al_2O_3,O_2dư,N_2\\ n_{N_2}=\dfrac{80}{20}.0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{N_2}=28.0,4=11,2\left(g\right)\\ n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,1-\dfrac{3}{4}.0,1=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,025.32=0,8\left(g\right)\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{2}{4}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=102.0,05=5,1\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ a.2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ b.0,5.......0,5.........0,5..........0,25\left(mol\right)\\ b.m_{Na}=0,5.23=11,5\left(g\right)\\ c.C\%_{ddA}=C\%_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,5.40}{0,5.23+200.1-0,25.2}.100\approx9,479\%\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O->2NaOH\\ n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{5,6}{62}=0,0903\left(mol\right)\\ C_{M\left(NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,0903\cdot2}{2}=0,0903\left(M\right)\)
Na2O + H2O --> 2NaOH
nNa₂O = 5,6/62 = 0,09 (mol)
=> nNaOH = 0,18 (mol)
=> CM NaOH = 0,18/2 = 0,08 (M)