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Theo phương pháp so sánh hai phân số có cùng mẫu số mà chúng ta đã
được học thì bạn Liên giải thích đúng, còn Oanh giải thích sai.
Ví dụ cho thấy bạn Oanh sai : hai phân số 3/8 và 1/2 có 3 lớn hơn 1 còn 8
lớn hơn 2 nhưng 3/8 nhỏ hơn 1/2 vì khi quy đồng về mẫu số chung là 8 thì
ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{4}{8}>\dfrac{3}{8}\)
Câu 1:
a,\(x=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{13}\)
\(x=\dfrac{13}{52}+\dfrac{8}{52}=\dfrac{21}{52}\)
Câu 2:
a,\(\dfrac{-2}{5}+\dfrac{3}{-4}+\dfrac{6}{7}+\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{2}{5}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{-2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{-4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)+\dfrac{6}{7}\)
=\(0+0+\dfrac{6}{7}=\dfrac{6}{7}\)
b,\(\dfrac{7}{15}+\dfrac{4}{-9}+\dfrac{-2}{11}+\dfrac{8}{15}+\dfrac{-5}{9}\)
=\(\left(\dfrac{7}{15}+\dfrac{8}{15}\right)+\left(\dfrac{4}{-9}+\dfrac{-5}{9}\right)+\dfrac{-2}{11}\)
=\(\dfrac{15}{15}+\dfrac{-9}{9}+\dfrac{-2}{11}=1+\left(-1\right)+\dfrac{-2}{11}\)
=\(0+\dfrac{-2}{11}=\dfrac{-2}{11}\)
c, \(\dfrac{-5}{7}+\dfrac{5}{13}+\dfrac{-20}{41}+\dfrac{8}{13}+\dfrac{-21}{41}\)
=\(\left(\dfrac{5}{13}+\dfrac{8}{13}\right)+\left(\dfrac{-20}{41}+\dfrac{-21}{41}\right)+\dfrac{-5}{7}\)
=\(\dfrac{13}{13}+\dfrac{-41}{41}+\dfrac{-5}{7}=1+\left(-1\right)+\dfrac{-5}{7}\)
=\(0+\dfrac{-5}{7}=\dfrac{-5}{7}\)
2) Tinh nhanh:
a) \(\dfrac{5}{23}\) . \(\dfrac{17}{26}\) + \(\dfrac{5}{23}\) . \(\dfrac{10}{26}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{23}\)
= \(\dfrac{5}{23}\) . \(\left(\dfrac{17}{26}+\dfrac{10}{26}-1\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{5}{23}\) . \(\left(\dfrac{27}{26}-1\right)\) = \(\dfrac{5}{23}\) . \(\dfrac{1}{26}\)
= \(\dfrac{5}{598}\)
b) \(\dfrac{1}{7}.\dfrac{5}{9}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{3}{7}\)
= \(\dfrac{5}{9}.\left(\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{3}{7}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{5}{9}\) . 1= \(\dfrac{5}{9}\)
a)\(\dfrac{5}{23}.\dfrac{17}{26}+\dfrac{5}{23}.\dfrac{10}{26}-\dfrac{5}{23}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{23}\left(\dfrac{17}{26}+\dfrac{10}{26}-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{23}.\left(\dfrac{27}{26}-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{23}.\dfrac{1}{26}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{598}\)
b)\(\dfrac{1}{7}.\dfrac{5}{9}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{3}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{9}.\left(\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{3}{7}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{9}.1=\dfrac{5}{9}\)
a)\(\dfrac{5}{23}.\dfrac{17}{26}+\dfrac{5}{23}.\dfrac{10}{26}-\dfrac{5}{23}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{23}.\left(\dfrac{17}{26}+\dfrac{10}{26}-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{23}.\left(\dfrac{27}{26}-\dfrac{26}{26}\right)\)
=\(\dfrac{5}{23}.\dfrac{1}{26}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{598}\)
b)\(\dfrac{1}{7}.\dfrac{5}{9}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{5}{9}.\dfrac{3}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{9}.\left(\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{3}{7}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{9}.\left(\dfrac{7}{7}\right)\)
=\(\dfrac{5}{9}.1\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{9}\)
a: \(A=\left(\dfrac{-3}{4}+\dfrac{-2}{9}-\dfrac{1}{36}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{15}+\dfrac{3}{5}\right)+\dfrac{1}{57}\)
\(=\dfrac{-27-8-1}{36}+\dfrac{5+1+9}{15}+\dfrac{1}{57}\)
=1/57
b: \(B=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)+\left(\dfrac{-1}{5}-\dfrac{5}{7}-\dfrac{3}{35}\right)+\dfrac{1}{41}\)
\(=\dfrac{3+1+2}{6}+\dfrac{-7-25-3}{35}+\dfrac{1}{41}\)
=1/41
c: \(C=\left(\dfrac{-1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{9}-\dfrac{7}{18}\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{4}{35}\right)+\dfrac{1}{107}\)
=1-1+1/107
=1/107
b: \(A=5\left(\dfrac{5}{1\cdot6}+\dfrac{5}{6\cdot11}+...+\dfrac{5}{26\cdot31}\right)\)
\(=5\left(1-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{6}-\dfrac{1}{11}+...+\dfrac{1}{26}-\dfrac{1}{31}\right)\)
\(=5\cdot\dfrac{30}{31}=\dfrac{150}{31}\)
c: \(C=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}-\dfrac{1}{11}+\dfrac{1}{11}-\dfrac{1}{16}\)
=1-1/16=15/16
A=\(\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{-3}{8}+\dfrac{11}{7}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{7}+\dfrac{5}{-3}\)
A=\(\left(\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{11}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{5}{-3}\right)+\dfrac{-3}{8}\)
A=\(2+\dfrac{-4}{3}+\dfrac{-3}{8}\)
A=\(\dfrac{7}{24}\)
B=\(\left(\dfrac{3}{17}+\dfrac{14}{17}\right)+\left(\dfrac{-18}{35}+\dfrac{17}{-35}\right)+\left(\dfrac{-5}{13}+\dfrac{-8}{13}\right)\)
B=\(\dfrac{17}{17}+\dfrac{-35}{35}+\dfrac{-13}{13}\)
B=\(1+\left(-1\right)+\left(-1\right)=-1\)
C=\(\dfrac{-3}{17}+\left(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{17}\right)\)
C=\(\dfrac{-3}{17}+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{17}=\left(\dfrac{-3}{17}+\dfrac{3}{17}\right)+\dfrac{2}{3}\)
C=0+\(\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
D=\(\left(\dfrac{-1}{6}+\dfrac{5}{-12}\right)+\dfrac{7}{12}\)
D=\(\dfrac{-1}{6}+\dfrac{5}{-12}+\dfrac{7}{12}\)
D=\(\dfrac{-2}{12}+\dfrac{-5}{12}+\dfrac{7}{12}=\left(\dfrac{-2}{12}+\dfrac{-5}{12}\right)+\dfrac{7}{12}\)
D=\(\dfrac{-7}{12}+\dfrac{7}{12}=0\)
a)
\(3\dfrac{14}{19}+\dfrac{13}{17}+\dfrac{35}{43}+6\dfrac{5}{19}+\dfrac{8}{43}\\ =\left(3\dfrac{14}{19}+6\dfrac{5}{19}\right)+\left(\dfrac{35}{43}+\dfrac{8}{43}\right)+\dfrac{13}{17}\\ =10+1+\dfrac{13}{17}\\ =11\dfrac{13}{17}\)
b)
\(\dfrac{-5}{7}\cdot\dfrac{2}{11}+\dfrac{-5}{7}\cdot\dfrac{9}{11}+1\dfrac{5}{7}\\ =\dfrac{-5}{7}\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{11}+\dfrac{9}{11}\right)+1\dfrac{5}{7}\\ =\dfrac{-5}{7}\cdot1+1\dfrac{5}{7}\\ =\dfrac{-5}{7}+1\dfrac{5}{7}\\ =1\)
a) \(3\dfrac{14}{19}+\dfrac{13}{17}+\dfrac{35}{43}+6\dfrac{5}{19}+\dfrac{8}{43}\)
\(=\left(3\dfrac{14}{19}+6\dfrac{5}{19}\right)+\left(\dfrac{35}{43}+\dfrac{8}{43}\right)+\dfrac{13}{17}\)
\(=\left[\left(3+6\right)+\left(\dfrac{14}{19}+\dfrac{5}{19}\right)\right]+1+\dfrac{13}{17}\)
\(=\left[9+1\right]+1+\dfrac{13}{17}\)
\(=10+1+\dfrac{13}{17}\)
\(=11+\dfrac{13}{17}\)
\(=\dfrac{187}{17}+\dfrac{13}{17}\)
\(=\dfrac{200}{17}\)
b) \(\dfrac{-5}{7}.\dfrac{2}{11}+\dfrac{-5}{7}.\dfrac{9}{11}+1\dfrac{5}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{-5}{7}.\left(\dfrac{2}{11}+\dfrac{9}{11}\right)+\dfrac{12}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{-5}{7}.1+\dfrac{12}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{-5}{7}+\dfrac{12}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{7}\)
\(=1\)
c) \(11\dfrac{3}{13}-\left(2\dfrac{4}{7}+5\dfrac{3}{13}\right)\)
= \(11\dfrac{3}{13}-2\dfrac{4}{7}-5\dfrac{3}{13}\)
\(=\left(11\dfrac{3}{13}-5\dfrac{3}{13}\right)-2\dfrac{4}{7}\)
\(=\left[\left(11-5\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{13}-\dfrac{3}{13}\right)\right]-\dfrac{18}{7}\)
\(=\left[6+0\right]-\dfrac{18}{7}\)
\(=6-\dfrac{18}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{42}{7}-\dfrac{18}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{24}{7}\)
d) \(\dfrac{2}{7}.5\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{2}{7}.3\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{7}.\left(5\dfrac{1}{4}-3\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{7}.\left[\left(5-3\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{7}.\left[2+0\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{7}.2\)
= \(\dfrac{4}{7}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{4}{5}+\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{2}{3}\\ =\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\left(\dfrac{4}{5}+\dfrac{6}{5}\right)+\dfrac{2}{3}\\ =\dfrac{1\cdot2}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3}\\ =\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3}\\ =\dfrac{4}{3}\)
B =\(\dfrac{-5}{6}.\dfrac{4}{19}+\dfrac{-7}{12}.\dfrac{4}{19}\)-\(\dfrac{40}{57}\)
=\(\dfrac{4}{19}.\left[\dfrac{-5}{6}+\dfrac{-7}{12}\right]-\dfrac{40}{57}\)
=\(\dfrac{4}{19}.\left[\dfrac{-10}{12}+\dfrac{-7}{12}\right]-\dfrac{40}{57}\)
=\(\dfrac{4}{19}.\dfrac{-17}{12}-\dfrac{40}{57}\)
=\(\dfrac{-17}{57}\)-\(\dfrac{40}{57}\)
=\(\dfrac{-17}{57}+\dfrac{-40}{57}\)
=\(\dfrac{-57}{57}=-1\)
Là răng linh
giống vậy hả bạn ?
-5\(\dfrac{1}{7}\) + 3\(\dfrac{2}{5}\)= -5 \(\dfrac{5}{35}\) + 3\(\dfrac{14}{35}\)= -2\(\dfrac{29}{35}\)