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Giải pt :
1
a. ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge4\)
Ta có :
\(\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x-4}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=1+\sqrt{x-4}\\ \Leftrightarrow x+3=x-3+2\sqrt{x-4}\\ \Leftrightarrow6=2\sqrt{x-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3=\sqrt{x-4}\\ \Leftrightarrow x-4=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=13\) (TM ĐKXĐ)
Vậy \(S=\left\{13\right\}\)
b.ĐKXĐ : \(-3\le x\le10\)
Ta có :
\(\sqrt{10-x}+\sqrt{x+3}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow13+2\sqrt{-x^2+7x+30}=25\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{-x^2+7x+30}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow-x^2+7x+30=36\\ \Leftrightarrow-x^2+7x-6=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-x^2+x+6x-6=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-x\left(x-1\right)+6\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(6-x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(TMĐKXĐ\right)\\x=6\left(TMĐKXĐ\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{1;6\right\}\)
mầy câu 1;3;;4;5 cách làm nhu nhau(nhân liên hop hoac bình phuong lên)
1.
\(DK:x\in\left[-4;5\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}+\left(\sqrt{x+4}-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}+\frac{x-5}{\sqrt{x+4}+3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{x-5}}{\sqrt{x+4}+3}\right)=0\)
Vi \(1+\frac{\sqrt{x-5}}{\sqrt{x+4}+3}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-5}=0\)
\(x=5\left(n\right)\)
Vay nghiem cua PT la \(x=5\)
2.
\(DK:x\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)^2}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow|\sqrt{x}-2|+|\sqrt{x}-3|=1\)
Ta co:
\(|\sqrt{x}-2|+|\sqrt{x}-3|=|\sqrt{x}-2|+|3-\sqrt{x}|\ge|\sqrt{x}-2+3-\sqrt{x}|=1\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(3-\sqrt{x}\right)\ge0\)
TH1:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}-2\ge0\\3-\sqrt{x}\ge0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow4\le x\le9\left(n\right)}\)
TH2:(loai)
Vay nghiem cua PT la \(x\in\left[4;9\right]\)
2. \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2}-16}{\sqrt{x-3}}+\sqrt{x+3}=\dfrac{7}{\sqrt{x-3}}\) (2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2}-16}{\sqrt{x-3}}+\sqrt{x+3}-\dfrac{7}{\sqrt{x-3}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x^2}-16+\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}-7}{\sqrt{x-3}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2}-16+\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x\right|-16+\sqrt{x^2-9}-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x\right|-23+\sqrt{x^2-9}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-9}=-\left|x\right|+23\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-9=-\left(-\left|x\right|+23\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-9=-\left(-\left|x\right|\right)^2-46\cdot\left|x\right|+529\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-9=\left|x\right|^2-46+\left|x\right|+529\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-9=x^2-46\cdot\left|x\right|+529\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-9=-46\cdot\left|x\right|+529\)
\(\Leftrightarrow46\cdot\left|x\right|=529+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow49\cdot\left|x\right|=538\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x\right|=\dfrac{269}{23}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{269}{23}\\x=-\dfrac{269}{23}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Sau khi dùng phép thử ta nhận thấy \(x\ne-\dfrac{269}{23}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình (1) là \(S=\left\{\dfrac{269}{23}\right\}\)
3. sửa đề: \(\sqrt{14-x}=\sqrt{x-4}\sqrt{x-1}\) (3)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{14-x}=\sqrt{\left(x-4\right)\left(x-1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{14-x}=\sqrt{x^2-x-4x+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{14-x}=\sqrt{x^2-5x+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow14-x=x^2-5x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow14-x-x^2+5x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10+4x-x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x^2+4x+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-\left(-4\right)\pm\sqrt{\left(-4\right)^2-4\cdot1\cdot\left(-10\right)}}{2\cdot1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4\pm\sqrt{16+40}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4\pm\sqrt{56}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4\pm2\sqrt{14}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{4-2\sqrt{14}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{4+2\sqrt{14}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2+\sqrt{14}\\x=2-\sqrt{14}\end{matrix}\right.\)
sau khi dùng phép thử ta nhận thấy \(x\ne2-\sqrt{14}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình (3) là \(S=\left\{2+\sqrt{14}\right\}\)
b) \(< =>\sqrt{x+1}\left(\sqrt{x^2-x+1}+\sqrt{x+3}\right)=0\)
<=> x=-1
hoặc \(x^2-x+1=x+3\) => \(x^2-2x-2=0...\)
a) ĐKXĐ: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge1\\0>x\ge-1\end{matrix}\right.\). Để pt có nghiệm => x>0=> \(x\ge1\) pt<=> \(x-\sqrt{1-\dfrac{1}{x}}=\sqrt{x-\dfrac{1}{x}}.Bìnhphương2vetaco\left(x-\sqrt{1-\dfrac{1}{x}}\right)^2=x-\dfrac{1}{x}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+1-\dfrac{1}{x}-2x\sqrt{1-\dfrac{1}{x}}=x-\dfrac{1}{x}\Leftrightarrow x^2-x+1=2\sqrt{x^2-x}\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2-x}-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-x=1\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
b) ĐKXĐ\(0\le x\le1\) pt \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2+x}+\sqrt{x-x^2}\right)^2=\left(x+1\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2x+2x.\sqrt{1-x^2}=x^2+2x+1\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x\sqrt{1-x^2}+1-x^2+x^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{1-x^2}\right)^2+x^2=0\)
6.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge2\)
\(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\sqrt{x+3}=\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)-\sqrt{x+3}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x+3}\right)\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-2}=\sqrt{x+3}\\\sqrt{x-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=x+3\left(vn\right)\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
4.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x-4}=t\ge0\Rightarrow x=t^2+4\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(t^2+4\right)+7t=14t-20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3t^2-7t+34=0\)
Phương trình vô nghiệm
5.
ĐKXĐ: ...
- Với \(x=0\) ko phải nghiệm
- Với \(x\ne0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+1}-1\ne0\) , nhân 2 vế của pt cho \(\sqrt{x+1}-1\) và rút gọn ta được:
\(\sqrt{x+1}+2x-5=\sqrt{x+1}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=4\Rightarrow x=2\)
Ta có : \(x+1-\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{1-x^2}=3.\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{1-x}\left(1\right)\)
ĐK : \(-1\le x\le1\)
Phương trình ( 1 ) được viết lại là :
\(x+1-\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{1-x^2}-\sqrt{1-x}-2.\sqrt{x+1}+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}.\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)+\sqrt{1-x}.\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)-2.\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right).\left(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+1}-1=0\\\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{1-x}-2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\x+1+2.\sqrt{x+1}.\sqrt{1-x}+1-x=4\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\\sqrt{1-x^2}=1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\1-x^2=1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
Vậy phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất là x = 0
điều kiện \(-1\le x\le1\)
Phường trình trên đc ziết lại là
\(x+1-\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{1-x^2}-\sqrt{1-x}-2\sqrt{x+1}+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)+\sqrt{1-x}\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)-2\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+1}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+1}-1=0\\\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{1-x}-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+1=1\\x+1+2\sqrt{x+1}.\sqrt{1-x}+1-x=4\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\\sqrt{1-x^2}=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\1-x^2=1\end{cases}}}\)
=> x=0
zậy ...