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f(x) = x4 - 9x3 + 21x2 + ax + b
g(x) = x2 - x - 2
Ta có f(x) bậc 4 ; g(x) bậc 2
=> Thương là một đa thức bậc 2
Gọi đa thức thương đó là h(x) = x2 + cx + d
Ta có f(x) chia hết cho g(x)
<=> x4 - 9x3 + 21x2 + ax + b = ( x2 - x - 2 )( x2 + cx + d )
<=> x4 - 9x3 + 21x2 + ax + b = x4 + cx3 + dx2 - x3 - cx2 - dx - 2x2 - 2cx - 2d
<=> x4 - 9x3 + 21x2 + ax + b = x4 + ( c - 1 )x3 + ( d - c - 2 )x2 + ( -d - 2c )x - 2d
Đồng nhất hệ số ta được :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}c-1=-9\\d-c-2=21\\-d-2c=a\end{cases}};-2d=b\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c=-8\\d=15\\a=1\end{cases}};b=-30\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=1\\b=-30\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ...
a) 2( x - 1 )2 - 4( 3 + x )2 + 2x( x - 5 )
= 2( x2 - 2x + 1 ) - 4( 9 + 6x + x2 ) + 2x2 - 10x
= 2x2 - 4x + 2 - 36 - 24x - 4x2 + 2x2 - 10x
= ( 2x2 - 4x2 + 2x2 ) + ( -4x - 24x - 10x ) + ( 2 - 36 )
= -38x - 34
b) 2( 2x + 5 )2 - 3( 4x + 1 )( 1 - 4x )
= 2( 4x2 + 20x + 25 ) + 3( 4x + 1 )( 4x - 1 )
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 + 3( 16x2 - 1 )
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 + 48x2 - 3
= 56x2 + 40x + 47
c) ( x - 1 )3 - x( x - 3 )2 + 1
= x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1 - x( x2 - 6x + 9 ) + 1
= x3 - 3x2 + 3x - x3 + 6x2 - 9x
= 3x2 - 6x
d) ( x + 2 )3 - x2( x + 6 )
= x3 + 6x2 + 12x + 8 - x3 - 6x2
= 12x + 8
e) ( x - 2 )( x + 2 ) - ( x + 1 )3 - 2x( x - 1 )2
= x2 - 4 - ( x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 ) - 2x( x2 - 2x + 1 )
= x2 - 4 - x3 - 3x2 - 3x - 1 - 2x3 + 4x2 - 2x
= -3x3 + 2x2 - 5x - 5
f) ( a + b - c )2 - ( b - c )2 - 2a( b - c )
= [ ( a + b ) - c ]2 - ( b2 - 2bc + c2 ) - 2ab + 2ac
= [ ( a + b )2 - 2( a + b )c + c2 ] - b2 + 2bc - c2 - 2ab + 2ac
= a2 + 2ab + b2 - 2ac - 2bc + c2 - b2 + 2bc - c2 - 2ab + 2ac
= a2
a) \(2\left(x-1\right)^2-4\left(3+x\right)^2+2x\left(x-5\right)\)
Dùng hẳng đẳng thức thứ nhất + hai :
= \(2\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot1+1^2\right)-4\left(3^2+2\cdot3\cdot x+x^2\right)+2x^2-10x\)
= \(2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-4\left(9+6x+x^2\right)+2x^2-10x\)
= \(2x^2-4x+2-36-24x-4x^2+2x^2-10x\)
= \(-38x-34\)
b) 2(2x + 5)2 - 3(4x + 1)(1 - 4x)
Dùng đẳng thức thứ 1 + 3
= 2[(2x)2 + 2.2x.5 + 52 ] - (-3)[(4x)2 - 12 ]
= 2(4x2 + 20x + 25) - (-3).(16x2 - 1)
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 - (3 - 48x2)
= 8x2 + 40x + 50 - 3 + 48x2
= 56x2 + 40x + 47
c) (x - 1)3 - x(x - 3)2 + 1
Dùng đẳng thức 2 + 5:
= x3 - 3.x2.1 + 3.x.12 - 13 - x(x2 - 2.x.3 + 32) + 1
= x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1 - x3 + 6x2 - 9x + 1
= (x3 - x3) + (-3x2 + 6x2) + (3x - 9x) + (-1 + 1)
= 3x2 - 6x
d) (x + 2)3 - x2(x + 6)
= x3 + 3.x2.2 + 3.x.22 + 23 - x3 - 6x2
= x3 + 6x2 + 12x + 8 - x3 - 6x2
= (x3 - x3) + (6x2 - 6x2) + 12x + 8 = 12x + 8
e) Dùng đẳng thức thứ 3,4 và 2
= x2 - 4 - (x3 + 3.x2.1 + 3.x.12 + 13) - 2x(x2 - 2.x.1 + 12)
= x2 - 4 - (x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1) - 2x3 + 4x2 - 2x
= x2 - 4 - x3 - 3x2 - 3x - 1 - 2x3 + 4x2 - 2x
= (x2 - 3x2 + 4x2) + (-4 - 1) + (-x3 - 2x3) + (-3x - 2x)
= 2x2 - 5 - 3x3 - 5x
f) Đặt \(a+b-c=A\)
\(b-c=B\)
= \(A^2-B^2-2AB\)
= \(A^2-2AB+\left(-B\right)^2\)
\(=A^2-2AB+B^2\)
= (A - B)2
= (a + b - c - (b - c))2
= (a + b - c - b + c)2
= a2
Mình hướng dẫn cách làm chung nhé
f(x) chia hết cho g(x) ⇔ f(x) nhận các nghiệm của g(x) làm nghiệm
Từ đây dễ rồi :]>
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a) ( x - 3 )2 - 4 = 0
<=> ( x - 3 )2 - 22 = 0
<=> ( x - 3 - 2 )( x - 3 + 2 ) = 0
<=> ( x - 5 )( x - 1 ) = 0
<=> x = 5 hoặc x = 1
b( 2x + 3 )2 - ( 2x + 1 )( 2x - 1 ) = 22
<=> 4x2 + 12x + 9 - ( 4x2 - 1 ) = 22
<=> 4x2 + 12x + 9 - 4x2 + 1 = 22
<=> 12x + 10 = 22
<=> 12x = 12
<=> x = 1
c) ( 4x + 3 )( 4x - 3 ) - ( 4x - 5 )2 = 16
<=> 16x2 - 9 - ( 16x2 - 40x + 25 ) = 16
<=> 16x2 - 9 - 16x2 + 40x - 25 = 16
<=> 40x - 34 = 16
<=> 40x = 50
<=> x = 50/40 = 5/4
d) x3 - 9x2 + 27x - 27 = -8
<=> ( x - 3 )3 = -8
<=> ( x - 3 )3 = (-2)3
<=> x - 3 = -2
<=> x = 1
e) ( x + 1 )3 - x2( x + 3 ) = 2
<=> x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 1 - x3 - 3x2 = 2
<=> 3x + 1 = 2
<=> 3x = 1
<=> x = 1/3
f) ( x - 2 )3 - x( x - 1 )( x + 1 ) + 6x2 = 5
<=> x3 - 6x2 + 12x - 8 - x( x2 - 1 ) + 6x2 = 5
<=> x3 + 12x - 8 - x3 + x = 5
<=> 13x - 8 = 5
<=> 13x = 13
<=> x = 1
a) \(\left(x-3\right)^2-4=0\)
=> \(\left(x-3\right)^2-2^2=0\)
=> \(\left(x-3-2\right)\left(x-3+2\right)=0\)
=> \(\left(x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=5\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
b) \(\left(2x+3\right)^2-\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=22\)
=> \(\left(2x+3\right)^2-\left[\left(2x\right)^2-1^2\right]=22\)
=> \(\left(2x+3\right)^2-\left(4x^2-1\right)=22\)
=> \(\left(2x\right)^2+2\cdot2x\cdot3+3^2-4x^2+1=22\)
=> \(4x^2+12x+9-4x^2+1=22\)
=> \(12x+9+1=22\)
=> \(12x+10=22\)
=> 12x = 12
=> x = 1
c) \(\left(4x+3\right)\left(4x-3\right)-\left(4x-5\right)^2=16\)
=> \(\left(4x\right)^2-3^2-\left[\left(4x\right)^2-2\cdot4x\cdot5+5^2\right]=16\)
=> \(16x^2-9-\left(16x^2-40x+25\right)=16\)
=> \(16x^2-9-16x^2+40x-25=16\)
=> \(-9+40x-25=16\)
=> \(40x=16+25-\left(-9\right)=16+25+9=50\)
=> x = 50/40 = 5/4
d) \(x^3-9x^2+27x-27=-8\)
=> \(x^3-3\cdot x^2\cdot3+3\cdot x\cdot3^2-3^3=8\)
=> \(\left(x-3\right)^3=-8\)
=> \(\left(x-3\right)^3=\left(-2\right)^3\)
=> x - 3 = -2 => x = 1
e) \(\left(x+1\right)^3-x^2\left(x+3\right)=2\)
=> \(x^3+3x^2+3x+1-x^3-3x^2=2\)
=> \(3x+1=2\)
=> \(3x=1\)=> x = 1/3
f) \(\left(x-2\right)^3-x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)+6x^2=5\)
=> \(x^3-3\cdot x^2\cdot2+3\cdot x\cdot2^2-2^3-x\left(x^2-1\right)+6x^2=5\)
=> \(x^3-6x^2+12x-8-x^3+x+6x^2=5\)
=> \(\left(12x+x\right)-8=5\)
=> 13x = 13
=> x = 1
\(a,x^2+7x+7y-y^2\)
\(=x^2-y^2+7\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+7\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y+7\right)\)
\(b,x^2-2x-9y^2+6y\)
\(=x^2-\left(3y\right)^2-2\left(x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left(x+3y\right)-2\left(x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left(x+3y-2\right)\)
\(c,x^2-xy+x^3-3x^{2y}+3x^{2y}-y^3\)
\(=x\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+x^2+xy+y^2\right)\)
1/ \(4x^2-12xy+9y^2=\left(2x\right)^2-2.2.3xy+\left(3y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2x-3y\right)^2\)
2/ \(x^3-y^6=x^3-\left(y^2\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x-y^2\right)\left(x^2+xy^2+y^4\right)\)
Làm tạm 2 phần đợi mik xíu
4x2 - 12xy + 9y2 = ( 2x )2 - 2.2x.3y + ( 3y )2 = ( 2x - 3y )2
x3 - y6 = x3 - ( y2 )3 = ( x - y2 )( x2 + xy2 + y4 )
x6 - 6x4 + 12x2 - 8 = ( x2 )3 - 3.(x2)2.2 + 3.x2.22 - 23 = ( x2 - 2 )3
( x2 + 4y2 - 5 )2 - 16( x2y2 + 2xy + 1 ) = ( x2 + 4y2 - 5 )2 - 42( xy + 1 )2
= ( x2 + 4y2 - 5 )2 - ( 4xy + 4 )2
= [ ( x2 + 4y2 - 5 ) - ( 4xy + 4 ) ][ ( x2 + 4y2 - 5 ) + ( 4xy + 4 ) ]
= ( x2 + 4y2 - 5 - 4xy - 4 )( x2 + 4y2 - 5 + 4xy + 4 )
= [ ( x2 - 4xy + 4y2 ) - 9 ][ ( x2 + 4xy + 4y2 ) - 1 ]
= [ ( x - 2y )2 - 32 ][ ( x + 2y )2 - 12 ]
= ( x - 2y - 3 )( x - 2y + 3 )( x + 2y - 1 )( x + 2y + 1 )
( a + b )3 - ( a3 + b3 ) = a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3 - a3 - b3
= 3a2b + 3ab2
= 3ab( a + b )
\(a,x^2+4x-y^2+4\)
\(=\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x+2-y\right)\left(x+2+y\right)\)
\(b,25-4x^2-4xy-y^2\)
\(=25-\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=5^2-\left(2x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(5-2x+y\right)\left(5+2x+y\right)\)
\(c,x^3-x+y^3-y\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2+1\right)\)
Trả lời:
a, x4 + 3x3 + x2 + 3x
= ( x4 + 3x3 ) + ( x2 + 3x )
= x3 ( x + 3 ) + x ( x + 3 )
= ( x3 + x ) ( x + 3 )
= x ( x2 + 1 ) ( x + 3 )
b, Sửa đề: x4 - x2 + 8x - 8
= ( x4 - x2 ) + ( 8x - 8 )
= x2 ( x2 - 1 ) + 8 ( x - 1 )
= x2 ( x - 1 ) ( x + 1 ) + 8 ( x - 1 )
= ( x - 1 ) [ x2 ( x + 1 ) + 8 ]
= ( x - 1 ) ( x3 + x2 + 8 )