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5.
$4x+3\vdots x-2$
$\Rightarrow 4(x-2)+11\vdots x-2$
$\Rightarrow 11\vdots x-2$
$\Rightarrow x-2\in \left\{1; -1; 11; -11\right\}$
$\Rightarrow x\in \left\{3; 1; 13; -9\right\}$
6.
$3x+9\vdots x+2$
$\Rightarrow 3(x+2)+3\vdots x+2$
$\Rightarrow 3\vdots x+2$
$\Rightarrow x+2\in \left\{1; -1; 3; -3\right\}$
$\Rightarrow x\in \left\{-1; -3; 1; -5\right\}$
7.
$3x+16\vdots x+1$
$\Rightarrow 3(x+1)+13\vdots x+1$
$\Rightarrow 13\vdots x+1$
$\Rightarrow x+1\in \left\{1; -1; 13; -13\right\}$
$\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0; -2; 12; -14\right\}$
8.
$4x+69\vdots x+5$
$\Rightarrow 4(x+5)+49\vdots x+5$
$\Rightarrow 49\vdots x+5$
$\Rightarrow x+5\in\left\{1; -1; 7; -7; 49; -49\right\}$
$\Rightarrow x\in \left\{-4; -6; 2; -12; 44; -54\right\}$
** Bổ sung điều kiện $x$ là số nguyên.
1. $x+9\vdots x+7$
$\Rightarrow (x+7)+2\vdots x+7$
$\Rightarrow 2\vdots x+7$
$\Rightarrow x+7\in \left\{1; -1; 2; -2\right\}$
$\Rightarrow x\in \left\{-6; -8; -5; -9\right\}$
2. Làm tương tự câu 1
$\Rightarrow 9\vdots x+1$
3. Làm tương tự câu 1
$\Rightarrow 17\vdots x+2$
4. Làm tương tự câu 1
$\Rightarrow 18\vdots x+2$
`**x in NN`
`a)x+12 vdots x-4`
`=>x-4+16 vdots x-4`
`=>16 vdots x-4`
`=>x-4 in Ư(16)={+-1,+-2,+-4,+-16}`
`=>x in {3,5,6,2,20}` do `x in NN`
`b)2x+5 vdots x-1`
`=>2x-2+7 vdots x-1`
`=>7 vdots x-1`
`=>x-1 in Ư(7)={+-1,+-7}`
`=>x in {0,2,8}` do `x in NN`
`c)2x+6 vdots 2x-1`
`=>2x-1+7 vdots 2x-1`
`=>7 vdots 2x-1`
`=>2x-1 in Ư(7)={+-1,+-7}`
`=>2x in {0,2,8,-6}`
`=>x in {0,1,4}` do `x in NN`
`d)3x+7 vdots 2x-2`
`=>6x+14 vdots 2x-2`
`=>3(2x-2)+20 vdots 2x-2`
`=>2x-2 in Ư(20)={+-1,+-2,+-4,+-5,+-10,+-20}`
Vì `2x-2` là số chẵn
`=>2x-2 in {+-2,+-4,+-10,+-20}`
`=>x-1 in {+-1,+-2,+-5,+-10}`
`=>x in {0,2,3,6,11}` do `x in NN`
Thử lại ta thấy `x=0,x=2,x=6` loại
`e)5x+12 vdots x-3`
`=>5x-15+17 vdots x-3`
`=>x-3 in Ư(17)={+-1,+-17}`
`=>x in {2,4,20}` do `x in NN`
a) Ta có: \(x+12⋮x-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16⋮x-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-4\inƯ\left(16\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-4\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4;8;-8;16;-16\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{5;3;6;2;8;0;12;-4;20;-12\right\}\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{0;5;3;6;2;8;20\right\}\)
b) Ta có: \(2x+5⋮x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7⋮x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1\in\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{2;0;8;-6\right\}\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{0;2;8\right\}\)
c) Ta có: \(2x+6⋮2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7⋮2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1\inƯ\left(7\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1\in\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\in\left\{2;0;8;-6\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{1;0;4;-3\right\}\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{0;1;4\right\}\)
d) Ta có: \(3x+7⋮2x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x+14⋮2x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow20⋮2x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-2\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4;5;-5;10;-10;20;-20\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\in\left\{3;1;4;0;6;-2;7;-3;12;-8;22;-18\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{\dfrac{3}{2};\dfrac{1}{2};2;0;3;-1;\dfrac{7}{2};-\dfrac{3}{2};6;-4;11;-9\right\}\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{2;0;3;6;11\right\}\)
e) Ta có: \(5x+12⋮x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow27⋮x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3;9;-9;27;-27\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{4;2;6;0;12;-6;30;-24\right\}\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{4;2;6;0;12;30\right\}\)
Bài 1:Ta có:x+8 chia hết cho x+7
=>x+7+1 chia hết cho x+7
Mà x+7 chia hết cho x+7
=>1 chia hết cho x+7
=>x+7\(\in\)Ư(1)={-1,1}
=>x\(\in\){-8,-6}
Bài 2:Ta có:2x+14+2 chia hết cho x+7
=>2(x+7)+2 chia hết cho x+7
Mà 2(x+7) chia hết cho x+7
=>2 chia hết cho x+7
=>x+7\(\in\)Ư(2)={-2,-1,1,2}
=>x\(\in\){-9,-8,-6,-5}
Bài 3: ta có:2x+16 chia hết cho x+7
=>2x+14+2 chia hết cho x+7
=>2(x+7)+2 chia hết cho x+7
Làm tương tự bài 2
Bài 4:Ta có:x-5+1 chia hết cho x+7
=>x+7-11 chia hết cho x+7
Mà x+7 chia hết cho x+7
=>11 chia hết cho x+7
=>x+7\(\in\)Ư(11)={-11,-1,1,11}
=>x\(\in\){-18,-8,-6,4}
Lời giải:
a. $8-3x=(-7)^2:(-7)=(-7)$
$\Rightarrow 3x=8-(-7)=15$
$\Rightarrow x=15:3=5$
b.
$18\vdots x, 24\vdots x$ nên $x\in ƯC(18,24)$
$\Rightarrow ƯCLN(18,24)\vdots x$
Hay $6\vdots x$
$\Rightarrow x\in\left\{\pm 1; \pm 2; \pm 3; \pm 6\right\}$
(x + 7) ⋮ (x + 3)
Mà (x + 3) ⋮ (x + 3)
⇒ [(x + 7) - (x + 3)] : (x + 3)
4 ⋮ (x + 3)
Vậy (x + 3) ϵ Ư(4) = {1; 2; 4}
Nếu x + 3 = 1 thì
x = 1 - 3 = -2
Nếu x + 3 = 2 thì
x = 2 - 3 = -1
Nếu x + 3 = 4 thì
x = 4 - 3 = 1
Vậy x ϵ {-2; -1; 1}
(x + 7) ⋮ (x + 3)
Mà (x + 3) ⋮ (x + 3)
⇒ [(x + 7) - (x + 3)] : (x + 3)
4 ⋮ (x + 3)
Vậy (x + 3) ϵ Ư(4) = {1; 2; 4}
Nếu x + 3 = 1 thì
x = 1 - 3 = -2
Nếu x + 3 = 2 thì
x = 2 - 3 = -1
Nếu x + 3 = 4 thì
x = 4 - 3 = 1
Vậy x ϵ {-2; -1; 1}