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Oceans and the life they sustain are vital to humankind. Unfortunately, overfishing, climate change, and pollution threaten these habitats.
The oceans are one connected body of salt water that covers more than 70 percent of the Earth, and we depend on these waters for human survival. They influence everything from the weather to the food supply to the health of seaside communities. Yet, we are the greatest offenders when it comes to pollution.
The oceans are also teeming with creatures that are critical to our ecosystems. Fish, dolphins, squid, octopuses, eels, and whales populate the open ocean, while lobsters, starfish, oysters, crabs, and snails scurry about the ocean bottom. Mammals like walruses, otters, and polar bears depend on the ocean for their survival as well. Coral reefs are a biome of colorful activity found in shallow, tropical waters.
All areas of the ocean are impacted by human activities. Lost or discarded nets, spilled oil and garbage, runoff, and sewage are all creating dead zones in the oceans. Excess carbon dioxide turns ocean waters acidic, and freshwater from melted glaciers will alter the weather-driving currents.
Heartbreaking Ocean Pollution Facts
Scientists estimate how much floating garbage is out there, but not even oceanographers can tell us exactly how much – the oceans are just too big. In 2002, Nature magazine reported that, “…during the 1990s, debris in the waters near Britain doubled; in the Southern Ocean encircling Antarctica the increase was a hundredfold. And depending on where they sample, oceanographers have found that between 60 and 95 percent of today’s marine debris is made of plastic.”
Where does all this garbage come from?
Plastic and other garbage enters the ocean when people throw it from ships, leave it in the path of the tide, when rivers carry it there, or when sewage systems and storm drains overflow. In spite of the Ocean Dumping Reform Act, “…the US still releases more than 850 billion gallons of untreated sewage and storm runoff every year,” according to a 2004 EPA report.
This problem is significant because plastics do not degrade in seawater. Rather, they accumulate daily, and, thanks to ocean currents, the plastics travel thousands of miles.
As of April of 2017, scientists estimated that about 19 billion pounds of garbage are currently present in the world’s oceans.
“We’re being overwhelmed by our waste,” said Jenna Jambeck, an environmental engineer who led the 2015 study that determined this staggering number. According to Jambeck, ocean waste amounts will double by 2025 unless we do something on a global scale to reduce ocean waste.
Plastics are the top type of garbage found in the ocean. Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit that organizes an annual coastal cleanup event in more than 150 countries worldwide, estimate that plastic debris makes up around 85 percent of all the trash collected from beaches, waterways and oceans.
Because plastics don’t biodegrade, they simply break down into smaller and smaller pieces as they are exposed to sunlight. These microplastics are shorter than 5 millimeters long, and some are microbeads.
The United Nations Environment Program note that, “…there could be as many as 51 trillion microplastic particles in our seas.” What is particularly alarming is the five, enormous swirling garbage convergences called “gyres”. These large garbage islands are the subject of new and innovative ocean cleaning efforts and technology.
One of the most troublesome sources of ocean garbage is litter from single-use plastic products ― plastic bags in particular. These plastics are threatening at least 600 marine life species, including leatherback turtles, whales, and seabirds. These animals mistake the plastics for food and cannot digest them, and the plastics eventually kill the animals.
People need to be educated about how widespread ocean pollution is and how it not only affects marine life, but people and the environment as well.
For example:
- Pollution is one of the biggest global killers, affecting over 100 million people.
- Over 1 million seabirds and 100,000 sea mammals are killed by pollution every year.
- The Mississippi River carries an estimated 1.5 million metric tons of nitrogen pollution into the Gulf of Mexico each year, creating a “dead zone” in the Gulf each summer.
- 40% of the freshwater lakes in the US are too polluted for fishing, aquatic life, or swimming.
- 1.2 trillion gallons of untreated sewage, storm water, and industrial waste are dumped into US water every year.
- In 2010, recycling and composting prevented 85 million tons of pollution.
- Cleanups can save animals lives and discourage people from littering in the future.
It is critical that we, as residents on this planet, join together to fight ocean trash. There are multiple agencies, nonprofits, and corporations who are joining the fight, and we can support them.
The International Coastal Cleanup organization started more than 30 years ago, when communities came together to collect and document the trash along their Texas coastlines.
The organization connected with the Texas General Land Office, local businessmen and women, and other ocean-lovers, and planned what would be Ocean Conservancy’s first Cleanup. Volunteers didn’t just pick up trash; they recorded each item collected on a data card in order to help find ways to eradicate ocean trash moving forward.
The Cleanup has grown vastly in 30 years. Volunteers from states and territories across the US and more than 100 countries participate in a Cleanup event every year.
Renee Tuggle, the Texas State Coordinator for the International Coastal Cleanup, said, “What I have learned from the Cleanup experience, is that even though the Cleanup started in Texas with a small number of 2,800 volunteers… it has grown into a massive cleanup that involves both national and international volunteers all pitching in for the same common goal of cleaning up our coastal waters and taking care of our beaches. I am proud to be a part of this global movement and I appreciate all of the help and support I get from the Ocean Conservancy staff.”
At a former naval air station in Alameda, California, across the bay from San Francisco, workers are welding a football field length black tube together. It is a single piece of a larger system designated to attack the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.
Boyan Slat, the innovator behind the idea, presented his science at a TEDx talk and The Ocean Cleanup idea began. At just 18-years-old, Slat had discovered that cleaning up microplastics and microbeads currently in the ocean could take almost 80,000 years. Now, his organization is poised to clean up a huge majority of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in just five years.
There are also things individuals or small groups can do to help:Be conscious of your energy use at home and work. Switch to compact fluorescent light bulbs, take the stairs, and avoid oversetting your thermostat.When you are grocery shopping or dining out, reduce the demand for overexploited species by choosing sustainably sourced seafood.Plastics kill tens of thousands of marine animals every year. Carry a reusable water bottle, use cloth totes for shopping, and always recycle whenever possible.Always clean up after yourself and participate in a beach cleanup. Explore the ocean but don’t interfere with wildlife or remove rocks and coral.Avoid buying items like coral jewelry, tortoiseshell hair accessories, and shark products.Read pet food labels and consider seafood sustainability when choosing food for your pet. Don’t stock your aquarium with wild-caught saltwater fish, and never release aquarium fish into natural bodies of water.Consider giving financial support or offering your time at volunteering.Research the ocean conservation positions of public officials before voting. Patronize restaurants and markets that offer only sustainable seafood.Practice responsible kayaking, boating, kayaking, and other activities on the water. Don’t ever litter and be aware of marine life in the water.The more you learn about this critical system, the more you can share that knowledge to educate others.The threats to our ocean ecosystems seem overwhelming. The oceans experience pollution, overfishing, climate change, and other issues. How can we make a difference as individuals? We can make a big difference starting here:Learn about the ocean and how you impact the ecosystem. Read about conservancy and restoration – and then share what you have learned.Reduce your family’s use of chemicals. Use fertilizer minimally, buy organic fruits and veggies, and choose non-toxic cleaning products.Trash doesn’t disappear. Moving water can carry loose trash to the ocean.Invest in reusable bags, beverage cups, and non-plastic containers. Always recycle.Never litter and be a part of the solution by participating in beach cleanups.Only buy products that you can guarantee were sustainably harvested. Demand sustainable seafood at the grocery store and in at favorite dining spots.On this little blue planet, we are but one species and we are the most dangerous to all the others. Our oceans and sea life are not replaceable. We can and must do our part to clean, conserve, and improve the conditions in our planet’s oceans.Without the oceans, we put our lives in jeopardy. Let’s do the smart thing and take care of our oceans.
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Môi trường là một phần thiết yếu trong cuộc sống của chúng ta. Một môi trường sạch rất cần thiết cho một cuộc sống yên bình và khỏe mạnh. Môi trường là khu vực tự nhiên xung quanh giúp con người, động vật và những sinh vật sống khác lớn lên và phát triển một cách tự nhiên. Nhưng hiện nay, môi trường của chúng ta đang bị rối loạn bằng nhiều cách khác nhau. Bất cứ hình thức làm rối loạn sự cân bằng tự nhiên nào cũng đều ảnh hưởng đến toàn bộ môi trường. Điều này không chỉ phá hủy cuộc sống của con người mà còn ảnh hường đến tất cả mọi sinh vật sống. Chúng ta có thể bảo vệ môi trường của chúng ta bằng các hành động nhỏ của mọi người trên Trái Đất. Chúng ta nên giàm lượng rác thải, chỉ bỏ rác đúng nơi quy định… và nhiều cách đơn giản khác. Bảo vệ môi trường cho sự sinh tồn của nhân loại là điều rất quan trọng. Khi chúng ta bảo vệ môi trường, chúng ta đang bảo vệ chính bản thân mình và cả tương lai của chúng ta nữa.
Global warming is the increase of Earth's average surface temperature due to effect of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide emissions from burning fossil fuels or from deforestation, which trap heat that would otherwise escape from Earth.
Global warming has serious consequences. It leads to heat-related illnesses and death, and spread of infectious diseases. It also results in melting of polar ice caps and rising of sea levels. Extreme weather patterns such as severe storms, heat waves, floods and droughts are obvious consequences of global warming. Moreover global warming might cause the proliferation of species.
Every one of us can help to protect and sustain our environment by changing our consumption habits such as reducing energy use, using green methods of transport and planting trees.
In brief, global warming is a serious problem that has a lot of consequences and effects on humans' lives. To solve this, people have to take action by changing our consumption habits and protect our environment.
CHÚC BẠN HỌC TỐT NHA
Everybody loves their school, and I'm not an exception. To me, my school is a very beautiful and ideal place for students to study and live in. However, it is the user that decides whether a thing lasts long or not. The same goes to places, and in order to continue studying in such a good school like mine, we as users must conserve and protect its environment. To begin with, we must understand the whole concept of "green". So what do I mean by "green"? It doesn't just mean a color, it also means eco-friendliness and cleanness. "Green" reflects the state of being free from rubbish and being unharmful to the environment thanks to having very little litter. Currently, our school covers a vast area of land filled with trees, and as a result, students gain a lot of benefits from them. Trees have addressed many issues at my school, like the need for fresh air (they take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen), and they provide the cool shades students enjoy during hot summer days. However, nothing stays the same forever, so actions must be taken in order to keep our school green. Although the school has a team of cleaners, they cannot manage all by themselves. We - the students - should join hands with them. Sure, students can help by planting trees, cleaning the school playground, saving electricity, etc., but sometimes, it is the smallest things that matter. Helping is important, but the will to keep the school clean is even more important. The only way students will help without being forced to is to persuade them, telling them how bad the situation will be when the school isn't green, and how it will affect them. Moving on, if I were the principal of our school, I would try to raise funds for eco-friendly projects, cooperating with environmental organizations and establishing a green team for the school. Not only that, I would also organize classes and events where students can learn about Going Green. On the whole, I believe that making my school green is an essential job that would greatly and positively affect the environment as well as the people working and studying there. Therefore, each and every one of us must play a role in protecting the school's environment. Being green is not only the benefit of the school, but of our own. Let's do this together, you and me.
Viet Nam is a diverse country with 54 different ethnic groups, so Vietnamese have very rich cultures and characteristics, especially women. However, there are some common features.
Firstly, Vietnamese women are very hard-working. They live in a developing country, so they have to work hard to make ends meet. They play various roles in society: nurses, mothers, wives and workers. after work, they have to do housework, take care of their children. No matter how hard their lives are, they always do their work well.
Besides, they are extremely skillful. A Vietnamese wife always takes good care of the house and keeps it clean, she cooks daily meals, prepare everything carefully. She runs all errands at home. She nurtures and teaches her children diligently.
Last but not least, they are very devoted to their families. They are willing to sacrifice to her families. They have to consider about family’s matters of every member and help them to deal with difficulties. They almost spend all of their time thinking for the happiness and pleasure of their families. In short, Vietnamese women have a lot of silver characteristics. We should consider them as good examples to master many useful skills of life as well as conquer ourselves. Minh tu viet do, ban tham khao nhakToday, it is normal for women to assert themselves by social work. They have proven that they can also make money, secure their own lives and take care of their husbands and children. For mothers who only stay at home to care for children, of course, the economy will not be guaranteed, even if the husband has a job and a stable salary.
In fact, there are many cases of conflicting couples only for money reasons. When a wife makes money with a reasonable amount of working time, it will obviously limit financial conflicts.
Have the opportunity to confirm the expertise
Today, not only men have a career, women also have their own dreams and need to improve their professional and professional skills. For them, pursuing social goals is as important as being a wife and being a mother.
When staying at home all day, busy with unnamed jobs, less likely to interact with people of the same level, or more knowledgeable, unknowingly, mothers will feel helpless and bored. Sometimes, loneliness makes them uncomfortable and unhappy with themselves. Often, mothers who have a professional career and have more friends of the same interest find life more meaningful, especially when they know the balance between the female role of the family and the society.
Moreover, working mothers also have the opportunity to learn more experiences, can bring the knowledge applied to family life and parenting.
Encourage equal division of labor in the family
When the mother goes to work, of course, all jobs in the family need to be shared fairly. Dad can forget the TV or newspapers to hand over vegetables and dinner. Baby can take care of watering plants. Thus, it is not unusual for anyone to feel that their son is washing dishes.
At this point, the mothers at home are much more disadvantaged because for reasons of staying at home all day, there is probably no need to help. It is this thought that creates the habit of dependence and that is the barrier, not only between spouses but also between parents and children.
Another advantage is that when boys grow up, they will look at their father's example to follow without thinking that the female should only worry about housework. Girls will follow the example of their mother, growing up with confidence that women can both have happy families and keep their jobs and positions in society.
1. My favorite subject is literature
2.My teacher is Ms. Yen
3. I learned how to write and how to communicate properly
4.It's hard for me but I just need a little patience and try
5. Because I want to challenge myself
English is my favourite subject. English is not difficult to learn, you just need to work hard to gain good results. It’s the fact that English is the most common language spoken in the world, and studying it brings me lots of opportunities. First of all, being good at English, I can talk with foreign people and tourists, which expand my knowledge about each culture in the world. Besides, English documents provides a more accurate and original source of information. As a result, reading them, I can gain a deep knowledge in any field such as science, economics,… Furthermore, I can watch films, read news in English without subtitle. In the future, after graduating, with English skill, I can join international organizations or multi-national corporations and have a good career. It’s also a common sense that people who know English will have a higher salary than the others with a same job. I want to go abroad to study as well so English is necessary. In conclusion, English is an interesting subject and quite important for my future.