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Write 1 word in each gap
Written communication
Not long ago, written communication was slow. In the past,you...can.... communicate..... with someone ...by... letter. They would receive the letter have ..be... very annoying! For example, you could not send a letter inviting someone...to.. your party unless you sent it at least a week before.
Today, though, with email and text messages, we can send a written message ..for. someone instantly - and we do not ...have.. to go to the post office or pay for a stamp! It is easier than ever to stay in touch ..with .... friends and relations wherever they are in the world. Now , you ..can... decide to have a party in the morning, your friends will be there in the evening. That is great, is not it?
Exercise 1: Choose the correct answers.
1. He got wet he forgot his umbrella.
A. because of B. because C. but D. and
2. He stops working heavy raining.
A. in spite of B. although C. despite D. because of
3. They have a lot of difficulties in their life their poverty.
A. in spite of B. although C. because D. because of
4. Jill and Jolly were happy it was their both birthday party that day.
A. because B. even though C. spite of D. Despite
5. Nobody could hear her she spoke too quietly.
A. although B. because C. because of D. in spite of
6. We decided to leave early the party was boring.
A. although B. despite C. because D. because of
7. We all feel sad the bad news
A. because B. because of C. though D. despite
8. John lost his job his laziness.
A. because of B. because C. in spite of D. though
9. We can't go to Julia's party we're going away that weekend.
A. because B. because of C. although D. in spite of
10. Nam was absent from class yesterday he felt sick.
A. so B. because C. although D. but
Exercise 2: Choose the correct answers.
1. The boy can’t reach the shelf he’s not tall enough.
A. because B. although C. even though D. and
2. She couldn’t unlock it she had the wrong key.
A. while B. but C. though D. because
3. Nam failed the final exam he was lazy.
A. while B. though C. because D. but
4. We watched TV the whole evening we had nothing better to do.
A. because B. though C. so D. but
5. We didn’t go for a walk it was very cold.
A. though B. because C. but D. so
6. They decided not to go out for a meal they were too tired.
A. so B. because C. but D. if
7. I’m learning English I want to get a better job.
A. or B. because C. therefore D. but
8. Last night we came to the show late the traffic was terrible.
A. although B. despite C. and D. because
9. Lan couldn’t pass the exam she is too lazy.
A. because B. because of C. although D. in spite of
10. his broken leg, he didn’t come to class yesterday.
A. because B. because of C. despite D. so
Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with because/ because of.
1. We delayed our trip BECAUSE OF the bad weather.
2. Sue’s eyes were red BECAUSE she had been crying.
3. My mother is always complaining BECAUSE OF the untidiness of my room.
4. The water in most river is unsafe to drink BECAUSE it’s polluted.
5. The trees were bend over BECAUSE OF the wind.
6. You can’t enter this secure areas BECAUSE you don’t have an official permit.
7. It’s unsafe to travel in that country BECAUSE OF the ongoing civil war.
8. Several people in the crowd became ill and fainted BECAUSE OF the extreme heat.
9. Mark didn’t go to work yesterday BECAUSE he didn’t feel well.
10. We couldn’t get into the disco BECAUSE OF the enormous crowd.
Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with because/ because of.
1. I went home early BECAUSE I was feeling unwell.
2. We decided not to go out for a meal BECAUSE we were simply too tired.
3. I couldn’t get to sleep BECAUSE OF the noise.
4. He only accepted the job BECAUSE OF the salary, which was very high.
5. Sarah can’t climb up the tree BECAUSE OF her fear of heights.
6. BECAUSE OF his age, John was not hired ALTHOUGH he had the necessary qualifications.
7. Mary came to class late BECAUSE her motorbike had a puncture.
8. Sandy didn’t go to school yesterday BECAUSE she was sick.
9. She went to bed early BECAUSE OF her tiredness.
10. I couldn’t do the test BECAUSE it was too difficult.
Exercise 5: Rewrite the sentences, using because/because of
1. He didn’t come because of his sickness.
BECAUSE HE WAS SICK, He didn’t come
2. The train was late because the fog was thick.
BECAUSE OF THE THICK FOG, The train was late
3. The plane couldn’t take off because of the bad weather.
BECAUSE THE WEATHER WAS BAD, The plane couldn’t take off
4. He left the school because his family was poor.
BECAUSE OF HIS FAMILY'S POVERTY,The plane couldn’t take off
5. We couldn’t study because of the noise.
BECAUSE IT WAS TOO NOISE, We couldn’t study
6. I didn’t go swimming because it was cold.
BECAUSE OF THE COLD, I didn’t go swimming
7. These students arrive late because of the bad traffic.
BECAUSE THE TRAFFIC WAS BAD, These students arrive late
8. Mary can’t sleep because she has drunk a cup of strong coffee.
BECAUSE OF DRINKING A CUP OF STRONG COFFEE, MARY CAN'T SLEEP
9. Because of getting up early, he wasn’t late for the first train.
BECAUSE HE GOT UP EARLY, he wasn’t late for the first train.
1: Hoàn thành các câu sau với các các từ ở trong ngoặc câu điều kiện loại 1 2 3
1) will have
2) looked
3) had fed
4) would understand
5) would arrive
6) would have had
7) swim
8) press
9) had asked
- send/will come
- will not understand/whisper.
- will not survive/do not take
- press/will save
- will cross/fly
- will answer/has
- wears/will not stay
- touch/will not scream.
- will forget/do not phone
- will remember/give
10) would call
1: Hoàn thành các câu sau với các các từ ở trong ngoặc câu điều kiện loại 1 2 3
1) If we meet at 9:30, we....will have.......(to have) plenty of time.
2) Lisa would find the milk if she........looked...(to look) in the fridge.
3) The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she......had fed.....(to feed) the animals.
4) If you spoke louder, your classmates...would understand........(to understand) you.
5) Dan.....would arrive......(to arrive) safe if he drove slowly.
6) You......would have had.....(to have) no trouble at school if you had done your homework.
7) If you...... swim.....(to swim) in this lake, you'll shiver from cold.
8) The door will unlock if you...... press.....(to press) the green button.
9) If Mel......had asked.....(to ask) her teacher, he'd have answered her questions.
10) I...would call........(to call) the office if I was/were you.
Bài tập 2 về câu điều kiện loại 1
1) If we...send........(to send) an invitation, our friends......will come.....(to come) to our party.
2) He....will not understand.......(not/to understand) you if you whisper. (to whisper).
3) They....will not survive.......(not/to survive) in the desert if they...do not take........(not/to take) extra water with them.
4) If you....press.......(to press) CTRL + s, you......will save.....(to save) the file.
5) You.....will cross......(to cross) the Channel if you..fly.........(to fly) from Paris to London.
6) Fred......will answer.....(to answer) the phone if his wife (to have)has a bath.
7) If Claire.....wears......(to wear) this dress at the party, our guests.....will not stay......(not/to stay) any longer.
8) If I.....touch......(to touch) this snake, my girlfriend....will not scream........(not/to scream).
9) She......will forget.....(to forget) to pick you up if you do not phone (not/to phone) her.
10) I......will remember.....(to remember) you if you....give.......(to give) me a photo.
21.Although Nam was very tired, he tried to finish his work.
Nam was very tired, however, he tried to finish his work.
22.We couldn't go camping because of the storm.
The storm prevented us from going camping
23.It's ages since I last talked to him.
I have not talked to him for ages
24.The book was so interesting that we couldn’t put it down.
It was such an interesting book that we couldn’t put it down.
25.He said to me “ Don’t stay up late. ”
He told me notto stay up late
21.Although Nam was very tired, he tried to finish his work. However ___________Nam was very tired, he tried to finish his work________________________________.
22.We couldn't go camping because of the storm. The storm __________prevented us from going camping_________________________________.
23.It's ages since I last talked to him. I have _______not taken to him for agess____________________________________.
24.The book was so interesting that we couldn’t put it down. It was ________such an interesting book that we couldn't put it down___________________________________. 25.He said to me “ Don’t stay up late. ” He told me ___________not to stay up late______________________________
Find the mistake in each sentence, and rewrite the sentences correctly.
1. I have seen the film before, so I knew how it ended.
->have seen->had seen
2. It was obvious that Bill worked hard because he was very tired when I saw him.
->worked=>had worked
3. If technology continues to advance so quickly, what is life like in hundred years?
->what is life like=>what will life be like
4. The spaceship won't launch until they have done a final check.
->won't launch=>won't be launched
5. When the bus was arriving, we missed it because we were busy talking.
->was arriving=>arrived
PRESENT and PAST SIMPLE or CONTINUOUS.
Use contractions when possible. Capitals are relevant.
We are listening (listen) to music in class tomorrow.
The party finished (finish) at 12:00 last night
I live (live) in London. I don't live (not, live) in Spain.
Susan plays (play) football when she falls (fall) and breaks (break) her leg
James doesn't like (not, like) this party, he wants (want) to go home.
We don't go (not, go) to the cinema yesterday.
Kate normallys doesn't have (normally, not, have) lunch in the office, but she has (have) lunch here today
Helen cans (can) play the guitar when she was (be) six.
Do you normally read (normally, you, read) terror stories?
We go (go) to the park. Do you want (You, want) to come with us?
Do you have (you, have) arguments with your parents very often?
Mara and John drink (drink) wine every day.
The train doesn't stop (not, stop) here today.
John tidies (tidy) his room once a week.
I can't lend you my car because I need (need) it today.
Harriet comes (come) while we talk (talk) about her
I am not taking (not, take) any medicine at the moment.
I don't sleep (not, sleep) very well these days.
They didn't do (not, do) their homework yesterday.
We saw (see) that film at the cinema last week.
Did Peter see (Peter, see) the film yesterday?
Does the sun rise (the sun, shine) when you arrive (arrive) in Barbados?
Mary never helps ( help) in the house.
James (not, drink) his milk, mum!
Sam didn't can (not, can) score any goals last Sunday.
Ex1 : Rewriting sentences
1. I didn't eat lunch, i feel hungry now
-> if i .....had eaten lunch, I wouldn't feel hungry now .........
2. if hadn't rained, we would have a better crop
-> but for....rain, we would have a better crop.......
3. if you want my advice, i wouldn't buy it
-> if i ...were you, I wouldn't buy it ........
4. i only come if they invite me
-> unless.......they invite me, I will come.........
5. he didn't revise all his lesson, he failed the exam
-> if he .......had revised all his lesson, he wouldn't have failed the exam........
6. his sister sent her money, so he continued to study
-> but for.........his sister's money, he wouldn't have continued to study..........
7. the park is over there, only 5 minutes walk
-> if you walk........5 minutes, the park is over there...........
8. in case it rains, we'll stay at home
-> if it ........rains, we will stay at home.............
9. we got lost because we didn't have a map
-> if.....we had had a map, we wouldn't have got lost........
10. i don't know the answer, so i can't tell you
-> if......I knew the answer, I could tell you........
11. Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes
->.....If Susan hadn't eaten four cream cakes, she wouldn't have felt sick........
12. without this treatment, the patient would have die
->.........But for this treatment, the patient would have died...........
13. i'll only help you if you promise to try harder
-> unless.......you promise to try harder, I won't help you ......
14. i'm afraid i haven't got time to listen to you
-> i wish...........I had got time to listen to you ........
15. if i were you i'd look for another job
->i suggest.........looking for another job ...........
16. i would love to be famous and rich
-> if only........I was famous and rich...........
17. it's such a pity youf sister can't come as well
-> if only.........your sister could come .................
18. thanks to his aunt's legacy of $ 10,000 he was able to buy the house he wanted
-> had did.........his aunt give him a legacy of $10,000, he would have been to buy the house he wanted.............
19. it would have been a superb weekend if it hadn't been for the weather
-> but.............for the weather, it would have been a superb weekend...........
20. the only reason the party was a success was that a film star attended
-> had it not.........for a film star's attendence, the party wouldn't have been a success............
21. robert is sorry now that he didn't accept the job
->.........Robert regrets not having accepted the job .....
4. i only come if they invite me
-> unless.......they invite me, I will not come.........
7. the park is over there, only 5 minutes walk
-> if you walk to the park over there, it takes you only 5 minutes.
16. i would love to be famous and rich
-> if only........I were famous and rich...........
11. I’m not sure where he is now. He might/can be in his office.
12. When I was at high school, we had to/must wear uniform on Mondays.
13. He couldn’t/shouldn’t write until he was eight.
14. This is the first time Tom’s been to Germany. Fortunately, he will /can speak German.
15. Is it true that cats must/can see in the dark?
16. Do you think I should/ could buy Alex a birthday present?
17. The doctor said I don’t have to/ mustn’t lift anything heavy
18. You shouldn’t/ couldn’t join the team if you don’t want to
19. Frank’s not in his office. He can/might I at lunch.
20. Come on, put those books away- you shouldn’t/ mustn’t be studying at this time of night.
21. Should/ Can I have tomorrow off? I have to/must go to the dentist because I have a toothache.
22. I’ll be quit late getting to London, but you mustn’t/ don’t have to change the plans for me.
23. Students may/should be encouraged to type their assignments. It is easier for their professors to read.
24. The president said that there can/might be a strike next week.
25. I don’t know what I’m doing tomorrow. I must/ might go to the beach or I may stay at home.
II. Underline the correct answer
1. If you like, I can/may make an appointment for you to see Dr Krall tomorrow.
2. Passengers mustn’t /don’t have to smoke while on board the plane.
3. Don’t let Sylvia climb that tree. She might/can fall.
4. You probably shouldn’t/ mustn’t keep your passport in that pocket: it could/ should easily be stolen.
5. I’m afraid Karen can’t/couldn’t come to the party tomorrow because she’s got flu.
6. Oh no! It mustn’t/can’t be 7 o’clock already. John and Graham will be here in fifteen minutes.
7. I absolutely ought to/have to leave the house at 6 if I want to be at the station by six-thirty.
8. Be careful, that pot’s very heavy. You have to/could hurt your back.
9. I have to/ must wear uniform at work according to the work principles.
10. Jack told his son: ‘Today, you have to/ must cut the grass in the garden.’
If the party hadn't been so noisy, we might....
the party hadn't been so