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How did the name" Eskimo" come about? Well, Eskimos live in The North Pole, where is very cold all year round. Durin winter, they get their food mainly by hunting and fishing. However, in the winter it is very hard to get fuel to build a fire, so the Eskimos do not always cook the animals they catch, Therefore, people call them "the people who eat raw meat" or "Eskimos". The Eskimos hunt with harpoons and spears. They eat meat of the animals and used the fur and skins for warm clothing.
1. In The North Pole it is very cold...................
a. in winter
b. in spring
c. in autumn
d. from January to December
2. In winter the Eskimos.............................
a. eat the food which they already got in summer
b. buy food in the market nearby
c.go fishing and hunting in order to get food
d. sleep and do not need food
3. It is very difficult for the Eskimos...........................
a. to build a fire to cook in winter
b. to get petrol or diesel oil for their cars in winter
c. to build their houses in winter
d. to harvest their crops in winter
4. They are call "Eskimos" because............................
a. they live around the North Pole
b. they go hunting and fishing for food in winter
c. they always eat uncooked meat
d. they sleep at day and go hunting at night
5. The Eskimos do not get............................... from animals
a. skins
b. spears
c. fur
d. meat
Hoa Binh and Thanh Hoa are two main provinces where there are more than 1.4 million Muong people living. They speak Muong language which belongs to the Mon-Khmer group. However, some ofthem also know Kinh languge. They cultivate mainly wet rice on terraced land, watered by small brooks. They also make handicrafts and exploit forest products such as mushrooms, dried fungus, ammonium to improve their living condition. Men dress in Indigo pajama and women wear skirts with many colorful patterns knitted on. The Muong build their houses on stilts with 4-roof architecture, which are about six feet off the ground. They are wooden houses in the shade of a big trees, huddling against the mountain, and looking out on their vast rice fields. Therefore, it is convenient for their living and farming. The Muong follow traditional religious animism, which means that they believe that non-living objects have spirits. They build the altars in their houses to worship ancestral spirits and other supernatural spirits. One of their most important festival is "Going to the fields Ceremony" where they perform traditional dance forms and send their wish for good crops. They also drink wine and enjoy special foods
- Which province do the Muong live in Vietnam?
- => The Muong live in Hoa Binh and Thanh Hoa
- Which language group does the Muong language belong to? => The Muong language belongs to Mon-Khmer group.
- What do they do to earn their living? =>
They cultivate mainly wet rice on terraced land, watered by small brooks. They also make handicrafts and exploit forest products such as mushrooms, dried fungus, ammonium to earn their living.
- Why are their house convenient for their living and farming? => Because they
build their houses on stilts with 4-roof architecture, which are about six feet off the ground. They are wooden houses in the shade of a big trees, huddling against the mountain, and looking out on their vast rice fields.
- How do the Muong believe in animism? =>
They build the altars in their houses to worship ancestral spirits and other supernatural spirits.
- What are main activities in their festivals or ceremonies? => In their festivals or ceremonies
they perform traditional dance forms and send their wish for good crops. They also drink wine and enjoy special foods
Which province do the Muong live in Vietnam?
=> The Muong live in Hoa Binh and Thanh Hoa
Which language group does the Muong language belong to?
=> The Muong language belongs to Mon-Khmer group.
What do they do to earn their living?
=> They cultivate mainly wet rice on terraced land, watered by small brooks. They also make handicrafts and exploit forest products such as mushrooms, dried fungus, ammonium to earn their living.
Why are their house convenient for their living and farming?
=> Because they build their houses on stilts with 4-roof architecture, which are about six feet off the ground. They are wooden houses in the shade of a big trees, huddling against the mountain, and looking out on their vast rice fields.
How do the Muong believe in animism?
=> They build the altars in their houses to worship ancestral spirits and other supernatural spirits.
What are main activities in their festivals or ceremonies?
=> In their festivals or ceremonies they perform traditional dance forms and send their wish for good crops. They also drink wine and enjoy special foods
Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in each space.
People have always dreamed of living forever, and although we all know this will (1) never happen, we still want to live as long as possible. Naturally, there are advantages and disadvantages to a long (2) life.
In the first place, people (3)who live longer can spend more time with their family and friends. Secondly, people who have busy working lives look forward to a long, relaxing time when they can do the things they have never had time for.
(4) On the other hand, there are some serious disadvantages. Firstly, many people become ill and consequently have to (5) spend time in hospital or become dependent (6) on their children and friends. Many of them (7) find this dependence annoying or embarrassing. In addition to this, the (8) older people get, the fewer friends they seem to have because old friends die or become ill and it's often difficult to make new (9) friends
To sum up, it seems that living to a very old age is worthwhile for people who stay healthy (10) enough to remain independent and enjoy life.
Exercise 3:Read and complete passage with words in the box:
Spring ,kept, celebrate, traditional,Because, therefore,served, However.
-Tel is the biggest festival in Vietnam to.(1).......celebrate.............Tet, Vietnamese people make many tasty (2).....traditional......foods. the most important fool includes chung cakes, sausages, boiled chicken, (3)......spring....rolls, and sticky rice. Chung cake is made of sticky rice, pork, green beans, and other spices, wrapped in green leaves (4)........therefore........this cake needs a lot of preparation this cake can be (5)......kept.....for a long time, even though the weather is often humid during Tet. Other significant food that cannot be missed to worship the ancestors are sausages spring rolls, and sticky rice. (6)........Because..... sausages are difficult to make,people often bye them from famous suppliers. (7)......However........ sticky rice and spring rolls are easier to prepare and must be (8).....served........ immediately after they are cooked, so they are often made at home.
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Britain is now a highly industrialized country and there are only 238,000 farms in the UK. More and more farmers leave the land because they can not earn enough money to survive. Only large farms are economic and because of this most British farm are big. They usually grow cereals in the east of England and raise sheep and cows in the north of England and Scotland. The small family farms often have to earn more money by offering bed and breakfast accommodation to tourists.
Farming methods in Britain have also changed. Fields used to be quite small, divided by hedges which were sometimes a thousand years old and full of wild flowers and birds. Many hedges were pulled up to allow farmers to use modern machinery. Now most fields in England are large by European standards.
1. British farmers give up working on their farms because________ .
A. they are tired of the farm work B. they can’t earn their own living by farming
C. they want to continue to live D. they are forced to leave the land
2. Most British farms are big because_________ .
A. there are plenty of abandoned land B. farming is now industrialized
C. small farms are uneconomic D. most British farmers are rich
3.The small family farms often offer bed and breakfast accommodation to tourists ______.
A. to show their friendship
B. because they want to have more tourists to their farms
C. in order to improve their earnings
D. so that the tourists will return in their farm the next time
4. Fields on British farms were __________ .
A. separated from each other by hedges B. full of wild flowers and birds
C. a thousand years old D. all are correct
5. Which of the following sentences is not true?
A. Industries are developed in Britain
B. Breeding farms are usually in the north of England
C. Many hedges are pulled down for farmers to expand their farms
D. Most fields in England are now larger than they used to be
Read the passage below and choose the best answers.
Each nation has many good people who take care of others. For example, some of high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages or home for the elderly. They read books to the people in these places, or they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their problems. Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old. They paint, clean up, or repair their houses, or the shopping or mow their lawns. For boys who no longer have fathers there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students and other men take these boys to baseball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers. Each city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go and play games or learn crafts. Some of these clubs show movies or organize short trips to the mountains, the beaches, museums or other places of interest. Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers because they are young enough to understand the problems of younger boys and girls. Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.
1. What do volunteers usually do to help those who are sick or old in their homes?
A. They mow lawns, do shopping, and clean up their houses.
B. They cook, sew, and wash their clothes.
C. They tell them stories and sing and dance for them.
D. They take them to baseball games.
2. What do they help boys whose fathers do not live with them?
A. To get to know things about their fathers.
B. To get to know things that boys want from their fathers.
C. To learn things that boys usually learn from their fathers.
D. To learn things about their fathers.
3. Which activity is NOT available for the students at the clubs?
A. playing games B. watching films C. going to interesting places D. learning photography
4. Why do they use many high school and college students as volunteers? Because......
A. they have a lot of free time.
B. they can understand the problems of younger boys and girls.
C. they know how to do the work.
D. they are good at playing games and learning crafts.
5. What do volunteers believe?
A. In order to make others happy, they have got to be unhappy.
B. The happiest people in the world are those who make themselves happy.
C. The happiest people in the world are those who are young and healthy.
D. Bringing happiness to others makes them the happiest people in the world
Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each question.
Very few people in the modern world obtain their food supply by hunting and gathering in the natural environment surrounding their homes. This method of harvesting from nature's provision is the oldest known subsistence strategy, and has been practised for at least the last two million years. It was, indeed, the only way to obtain food until rudimentary farming and the domestication of animals were introduced about 10,000 years ago.
Because hunter-gatherers have fared poorly in comparison with their agricultural cousins, their numbers have dwindled, and they have been forced to live in marginal environments such as deserts, forests, or arctic wastelands. In higher latitudes, the shorter growing season has restricted the availability of plant life. Such conditions have caused a greater dependence on hunting and along the coasts and waterways, on fishing. The abundance of vegetation in the lower latitudes of the tropics, on the other hand, has provided a greater opportunity for gathering a variety of plants. In short, the environmental differences have restricted the diet and have limited possibilities for the development of subsistence societies. Contemporary hunter-gatherers may help us understand our prehistoric ancestors. We know from observation of modern hunter-gatherers in both Africa and Alaska that a society based on hunting and gathering must be very mobile. While the entire community camps in a central location, a smaller party harvests the food within a reasonable distance from the camp. When the food in the area is exhausted, the community moves on to exploit another site. We also notice a seasonal migration pattern evolving for most hunter-gatherers, along with a strict division of labour between the sexes. These patterns of behaviour may be similar to those practised by mankind during the Paleolithic Period.
1. With which of the following topics is the passage primarily concerned?
A. The Paleolithic period
B. Subsistence farming
C.Hunter-gatherers
D. Marginal environments
2. Which is the oldest subsistence strategy?
A. Migrating
B. Domesticating animals
C. Farming
D. Hunting and gathering
3. When was hunting and gathering introduced?
A. 1,000,000 years ago
B. 2,000,000 years ago
C. 10,000 years ago
D. 2,000 years ago
4. What conditions exist in lower latitudes?
A. Greater dependence on hunting.
B. More coasts and waterways for fishing.
C. A shorter growing season.
D. A large variety of plant life.
5. How can we know more about the hunter-gatherers of prehistoric times?
A. By studying the remains of their camp sites.
B. By studying similar contemporary societies.
C. By studying the prehistoric environment.
D. By practising hunting and gathering.
Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in each space (10pts) (Questions 36 - 45)
Some people do not eat meat (36)……because……….they believe it is cruel to(37)………kill…….animals. This may be because their religion forbids it or because they do not like to think that animals had to suffer and die just so they could have a (38)………meal…….. Many people who are(39)………vegetarians…….for this reason also avoid (40)………wearing…….clothes and shoes that are made of animals fur and leather.
Some people do not eat meat because they believe it is too (41)……expensive……….. By not buying meat, these vegetarians have more money left over to buy (42)……other……….kinds of food. Meat is high in protein, which is an important element of food that people need to stay alive. Vegetarians (43)……make……….sure they get the protein their bodies need by eating other, less expensive types of food like nuts, cheese and milk.
(44)………when…….people decide to stop eating meat, they must find alternative sources for these nutrients they need to (45)…stay………….healthy. After a while, a vegetarian diet becomes a regular part of daily life.
Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in each space (10pts) (Questions 36 - 45)
Some people do not eat meat (36) because they believe it is cruel to(37) kill animals. This may be because their religion forbids it or because they do not like to think that animals had to suffer and die just so they could have a (38) meal. Many people who are(39) vegetarians for this reason also avoid (40) wearing clothes and shoes that are made of animals fur and leather.
Some people do not eat mepat because they believe it is too (41) expensive. By not buying meat, these vegetarians have more money left over to buy (42) other kinds of food. Meat is high in protein, which is an important element of food that people need to stay alive. Vegetarians (43) make sure they get the protein their bodies need by eating other, less expensive types of food like nuts, cheese and milk.
(44) when people decide to stop eating meat, they must find alternative sources for these nutrients they need to (45) keep healthy. After a while, a vegetarian diet becomes a regular part of daily life.
A. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. People in the past ate healthy food so they rarely had diseases. _____T_____
2. The green revolution is the decrease in agriculture production. __F________
3. The green revolution caused agriculture to change completely. ___T_______
4. Farmers nowadays can’t meet the great demand of the food market. ____T______
5. Fast food is convenient but it’s not good for health. T
B. Answer the following questions. 6. In the past, why didn’t people need extra exercise? _______________________________________________________________
7. Who is still in the serious situation despite the development in agriculture? ______Farmers_________________________________________________________
8. How are people nowadays compared to those in the past? ________Today people are unhealthy, need medicine, and function on diets and exercise machines._______________________________________________________