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Tác động đến môi trường của du lịch
Mặc dù du lịch thường được gọi là 'ngành công nghiệp không khói', hoặc một ngành công nghiệp thân thiện với môi trường, nó thực sự có thể gây hại cho thiên nhiên. Tuy nhiên, các loại hình du lịch khác nhau có thể có những tác động khác nhau đến môi trường.
• Du lịch đại chúng là loại hình du lịch bao gồm hàng chục nghìn người tập trung ở cùng một địa điểm vào cùng một thời điểm trong năm. Nó thường có nhiều tác động tiêu cực đến khu vực địa phương, chẳng hạn như xả rác từ khách du lịch và ô nhiễm giao thông.
• Du lịch sinh thái cung cấp cho khách du lịch cơ hội khám phá thiên nhiên, đồng thời giúp bảo vệ môi trường và giáo dục du khách về các vấn đề môi trường tại địa phương. Nó cũng thúc đẩy sự tôn trọng của khách du lịch đối với cộng đồng địa phương.
• Du lịch bền vững không chỉ liên quan đến việc bảo vệ môi trường và tôn trọng văn hóa mà còn phải nỗ lực giữ lợi nhuận cho địa phương. Nó thường đề cập đến các hành động của ngành du lịch nói chung.
• Du lịch có trách nhiệm khuyến khích khách du lịch nhiều hơn là khách vãng lai. Khách du lịch có trách nhiệm không chỉ nhận thức được vai trò của mình mà còn phải tham gia vào việc bảo vệ môi trường, văn hóa và nâng cao lợi nhuận cho người dân địa phương. Du lịch có trách nhiệm thường liên quan đến các hành động cụ thể của cá nhân, doanh nghiệp và cộng đồng.
Đoạn A nói về vấn đề nóng lên toàn cầu, đoạn B nói về nạn chặn cây phá rừng tự nhiên, đoạn C nói về ô nhiễm không khí, đoạn D nói về sự tuyệt chủng loài. Đây đều là các vấn đề về môi trường => chọn a.
Tạm dịch:
a. Các vấn đề về môi trường: Chúng là gì?
b. Bảo vệ môi trường: Nó quan trọng như thế nào?
c. Các giải pháp môi trường: Chúng thực tế như thế nào?
Môi trường chúng ta sống đang phải đối mặt với nhiều vấn đề nghiêm trọng. Chúng ta cần nhận thức rõ những vấn đề này để có thể tìm cách bảo vệ thiên nhiên.
A. Sự nóng lên toàn cầu là sự gia tăng nhiệt độ trung bình của khí quyển trái đất. Đó là một trong những vấn đề lớn nhất mà con người phải đối mặt ngày nay. Nó có thể gây ra những hậu quả nghiêm trọng như mực nước biển dâng cao, băng tan ở hai cực và các hiện tượng thời tiết khắc nghiệt như lũ lụt hoặc sóng nhiệt.
B. Một vấn đề môi trường khác là chặt phá rừng tự nhiên. Việc mất rừng có thể có tác động tiêu cực đến môi trường. Nó có thể làm hư hại môi trường sống tự nhiên của nhiều loài động vật và khiến động vật hoang dã gặp nguy hiểm. Nó cũng có thể phá hủy đất tự nhiên và dẫn đến biến đổi khí hậu.
C. Ô nhiễm không khí cũng là một vấn đề nghiêm trọng. Nguyên nhân chủ yếu là do khí thải từ xe cộ, máy móc hoặc nhà máy. Khi những khí độc hại này kết hợp với nước trong không khí, chúng sẽ tạo thành mưa hoặc tuyết, có thể gây hại cho mọi dạng sống. Ngoài ra, vấn đề này còn dẫn đến hiện tượng nóng lên toàn cầu và biến đổi khí hậu. Nó cũng là nguyên nhân chính gây ra các bệnh về đường hô hấp hay thậm chí là ung thư phổi.
D. Trên khắp thế giới, số lượng các loài động vật có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng đang tăng lên. Nhiều con trong số chúng biến mất vì ô nhiễm và biến đổi khí hậu. Ngoài ra, còn vì con người săn bắt và giết động vật một cách bất hợp pháp và đánh bắt quá nhiều cá cùng một lúc. Điều này đang làm đảo lộn sự cân bằng tự nhiên của các hệ sinh thái, có thể gây hại cho tất cả các sinh vật sống và không sống.
Mai: Ms Hoa, what is (1) mass / sustainable tourism?
Ms Hoa: Well, the aim of this kind of tourism is to (2) protect / damage the environment, respect local culture, and keep (3) benefits / profits local.
Mai: Can you give me an example?
Ms Hoa: When travelling, we should not (4) litter / impact on the street. We should also be (5) aware / responsible of the local traditions and respect them.
Mai: So is this kind of tourism similar to (6) ecotourism / mass tourism?
Ms Hoa: Well, it's a form of sustainable tourism because it has a positive (7) impact / craft on the environment.
1. John. Do you think that we should use public transportation to protect our environment?
Laura: _____________________________________________
A. Of course not. You bet! B. Well, that’s very surprising.
C. There’s no doubt about it. D. Yes, it’s an absurd idea.
2. Anthony: Don’t fail to send your parents my regards.
George: ________________________________________________.
A. You’re welcome B. Good idea, thanks
C. Thanks, I will D. It’s my pleasure
3. Steve: Oh, no! I left my book at home. Can I share yours?
Ann: ________________________________________________.
A. Yes, I do, too B. No, thanks
C. Yes, sure D. No way, I just bought another book
4. Tony: Mum, I’ve got 600 on the TOEFL test.
Tony’s Mum: __________________________________________
A. Good way! B. You’re right!
C. Oh, hard luck! D. Good job!
5. Lora: Your new blouse looks gorgeous, Helen!
Helen: ________________________________________________.
A. Thanks, I bought it at Marcy’s B. It’s up to you
C. I’d rather not D. You can say that again
6. Anthony: I had a really good time. Thanks for the lovely evening.
Maria: ________________________________________________.
A. Yes, it’s really good B. No, it’s very kind of you
C. I’m glad you enjoyed it D. Oh, that’s right
7. Ryan: Do you want to come with us to the cinema tomorrow?
Olivia: ________________________________________________.
A. No, I don’t like Titanic B. Yes, I’d like two tickets
C. Thanks, but I’d rather to stay at home D. I love watching movies at the cinema
8. Ann: Thank you for a wonderful evening.
Karen: _________________________________________________.
A. You are welcome B. Thanks a lot
C. Have a good day D. Cheers
9. “May I leave a message for Ms. Davis.” “___________________”
A. I’m afraid she’s not here at the moment. B. No, she’s not here now.
C. She’s leaving a message to you now. D. Yes, I’ll make sure she gets it.
10. “How can this dress be so expensive?” “___________________”
A. Yes, it’s the most expensive. B. What an expensive dress!
C. You’re paying for the brand. D. That’s a good idea.
41. I believe gender ____________ in education starts at home
A. discriminate B. discrimination C. discriminator D. discriminative
42. Men are ____________ leaders than women
A. good B. better C. best D. bad
43. Women will be ____________ if they have to do two jobs: at work and at home.
A. exhaust B. exhausted C. exhausting D. exhauster
44. The bride and groom are surely the ____________ people on their wedding day.
A. happy B. happier C. happilyD. happiest
45. In order to ________ a man’s job, Brenda had to work very hard.
A. pursue B. work C. enroll D. prefer
46. Jim_____ the teacher that he would see her the next day.
A. said B. tells C. asked D. said to
47. If Eric _____5 years younger, he could travel around the world.
A. isB. were C . had been D. would be
48. E-books are typically _____through a student's personal device, such as a notebook, tablet, or cell phone.
A. addressed B. accessed C. affected D. identified
49. Several _____are known to cause cancer to develop.
A. chemists B. chemistry C. chemical D. chemicals
50. Only 40% of 5-year-olds have access _____pre-school education.
A. with B. for C. to D. in
1. ………………… are non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fuel oil and natural gas formed from dead plants and animals underground.
A. greenhouse effect B. global warming C.deforestation D. Fossil fuels
2. Using a/an ………………………. device such as a laptop, you can learn English effectively.
A. electric B. electronic C. electricity D. electrical
3. A_____forest is a forest where trees that are cut are replanted and the wildlife is protected.
A. tropical B. ecological C. sustainable D. sub-tropical
4. Like children elsewhere, children in the USA have greatly benefited ________ modern technology.
A. in B. from C. since D. for
5. ………..is the removal or cutting down of all trees in an area for urban use and farm lands.
A. Forest B. Deforest C. Deforestation D. Foresting
6. Water ……………………….are things like detergents, pesticides ,oils and other chemicals that make the water unclean and contaminated.
A. pollution B. pollutants C. deforestation D. Fossil fuels
7. I like students …….have a good sense of humour.
A. who B.whom C. whose D. which
8. Mary : -Thank you for your help, Jane.
Jane : _ …………………………
A. You are right B. Not at all C. Of course. D. You’re welcome.
9. The doctor said to Peter: “Don’t go for a walk today”
A. The doctor said Peter not to go for a walk that day. ....................... B. The doctor told Peter not go for a walk that day.
C. The doctor said to Peter not to go for a walk that day.................. D. The doctor told Peter not to go for a walk that day.
10. Thomas: “ Do you feel like going to the cinema tonight?” Susan: “ _______________”
A. I don’t agree. I’m afraid B. You’re welcome
C. That would be great! D. I feel very bored.
11. The editor asked Nam …………… some practical advice on the preservation of the environment.
A. to write B. writing C. write D. written
12. The________of the ozone layer is not a good thing for the earth.
A. depletion B. deplete C. depleting D. depletement
13. The_______of fossil fuels has gradually increased in many countries which is concerned for many environmentalists.
A. consumer B. consume C. consuming D. consumption
14. Deforestation will lead to the extinction of rare animals due to the loss of their habitats, and extreme floods and land _________.
A. erode B. eroding C. erosion D. erodement
15. The smoke from burning fuels causes pollution if it ______ into the atmosphere.
A. releases B. is released C. will be released D. released.
16. Students can download programme and………………from internet.
A. materials B. food C. drink D. note
17. Mass tourism has contributed to the _____of the environment.
A. destroy B. destroying C. destruction D. destroyment
18. Consumers have been encouraged to use _____products.
A. environment friendly B. environmental friendly
C. environmentally friend D. environmentally friendly
19. _______ aren't effective anymore because insects have become resistant to them.
A. Fertilizers B. Pesticides C. Herbicides D. Medicines
20. I like students ________have a good sense of humour.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
21. The teacher asked students _________ a paragraph about the preservation of the environment.
A. to write B. writing C. write D. written
22. I wonder ỉf you could help me.” “_________”
A. Don’t mention it C. I’ll do my best. What’s up?
B. Really? How nice D. No, what is it?
23. The Vietnamese government has done a lot to____________ hunger and poverty.
A. eliminate B. increase C. protect D. keep
24. Personal electronic devices can be very _______, to you and to others.
A. distractal B. distract C. distractional D. distracting
25. Most chemicals .............................the ground and the underground water.
A. contaminates B. contaminate C. contamination D. contaminating
26. The team paid a ________ price for its lack of preparation.
A. heavy B. light C. dirty D. expensive
27. Health is ________________ than money.
A. the important B. most important C. more important D. importanter
28. In the past, the proposal and engagement ceremonies took place 1 or 2 years ________ the wedding.
A. before B. after C. while D. since
29. We _________ stop when traffic lights are red.
A. might B. should C. must D. can
30. Gender discrimination should be ____________ so that everyone has equal opportunities in education.
A. eliminated B. eliminate C. elimination D. eliminating
31. Superstitions still________ an important part of life for many people in Vietnam.
A. do B. take C. play D. give
32. We had dinner in________ most expensive restaurant in town.
A. an B. x C. the D. a
33. The flight stops at Hong Kong before going on to its final_____
A. destination B. target C. stop D. arrival
34. There is a wedding _________ for all the guests after the wedding ceremony.
A. proposal B. anniversary C. reception D. celebration
35. My house is________hers.
A. cheap than B. cheaper C. more cheap than D. cheaper than
36. My cousin's ______ is next Sunday.
A. marriage B. wedding C. tradition D. assignment
37. There is a wedding ______ for all guests after the wedding ceremony.
A. reception B. engagement C. proposal D. ring
38. We should not allow any kind of discrimination ____________ women and girls.
A. of B. at C. in D. against
39. My brother likes playing_________ football while my sister is interested in playing ________ piano.
A. the/ the B. 0 / the C. the / 0 D. 0/0
40. In Portugal, walking backwards will bring bad luck, because it paves _____way for _____devil to enter.
A. a-a B. the-the C. a-the D. the-a
41. I believe gender ____________ in education starts at home
A. discriminate B. discrimination C. discriminator D. discriminative
42. Men are ____________ leaders than women
A. good B. better C. best D. bad
43. Women will be ____________ if they have to do two jobs: at work and at home.
A. exhaust B. exhausted C. exhausting D. exhauster
44. The bride and groom are surely the ____________ people on their wedding day.
A. happy B. happier C. happily D. happiest
45. In order to ________ a man’s job, Brenda had to work very hard.
A. pursue B. work C. enroll D. prefer
46. Jim_____ the teacher that he would see her the next day.
A. said B. tells C. asked D. said to
47. If Eric _____5 years younger, he could travel around the world.
A. is B. were C. had been D. would be
48. E-books are typically _____through a student's personal device, such as a notebook, tablet, or cell phone.
A. addressed B. accessed C. affected D. identified
49. Several _____are known to cause cancer to develop.
A. chemists B. chemistry C. chemical D. chemicals
50. Only 40% of 5-year-olds have access _____pre-school education.
A. with B. for C. to D. in
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
12. A: I think people nowadays prefer instant messaging and social networking to emails.
B: ____
A. I don't like emails. B. That's true! C. I'd prefer text messaging. D. That's OK!
13. A: Do you like e-books?
B: ____
A. No, I prefer them printed. B. They're expensive.
C. No, e-books are good. D. I like them both.
14. Smartphone can be a great learning ____ but you need to think of how to use it effectively.
A. benefit B. choice C. invention D. tool
15. It is convenient for you to read ____ when you travel.
A. e-books B. laptops C. online game D. smartphones
16. Many young people carry a pair of earbuds as they are small, light, and ____.
A. chargeable B. economical C. portable D. transferable
17. Washing machine or vacuum cleaner can help you to ____ time while doing housework.
A. kill B. save C. spend D. waste
18. Velcro has gradually become a familiar ____ for shoes, jackets, and even spacesuits.
A. button B. fastener C. locker D. zipper
19. Most smartphones now ____ flash player as well as voice and video calls.
A. display B. offer C. provide D. support
20. _____ is used to talk to people when you are away from home.
A. cell phone B. fax machine C. radio D. camcorder
21. Hurry up! The bus ______ in a moment.
A. will arrive B. is arriving C. arriving D. will be arriving
22. The cat is just behind the mouse. It ______ the latter.
A. is catching B. will catch C. catches D. is going to catch
23. The internet helps us to interact ______ other people around the world.
A. to B. from C. of D. with
24. I hope He _____ catch up with us soon.
A. is going B. will C. doesn’t D. is
25. Please close the window. The rain.
A. come B. is coming C. had come D. came
26. We managed to climb over the wall without ______.
A. being seen B. to see C. to be seen D. seeing
27. Many animals are ______ for their fur or other valuable parts of their bodies
A. dying B. killing C. killed D. died
28. We'll be late unless we _____ now.
A. leave B. don't leave C. had left D. have left
29. This computer isn't capable _____ running this software.
A. on B. of C. in D. for
30. Sea water is salty. If the oceans ______ of fresh water, there ______ plenty of water to irrigate all of the deserts in the world.
A. consisted/ would be B. consisted/ were
C. would consist/ could be D. consist/ will be
31. ______ you turn on the radio, I’d like to hear the latest news?
A. Should B. Will C. May D. Must
Pick out the word which has the underlined and bold part pronounced differently from the rest: (1m)
1. A. here B.cheer C. atmosphere D. where
2. A. teach B.much C. school D. choice
3. A. called B. organized C. happened D. filled ???
4. A. about B. bench C. but D. comb
II.Choose the best answer: (5.5 ms)
5. Whales are the most intelligent …………that has ever lived on Earth.
A. animal B. plant C. fish D. tree
6. Deforestation is destroying large areas of tropical rain forest.
A. changing B. raising C. becoming D. damaging
7. Many sea animals are at..........................due to hunting and water pollution.
A. loss B. death C. risk D. danger
8.We………………..use herbicides, pesticides and fertilizers that harm the environment
A. should not B. should
C. will D. does not
9. A: I don’t know how to use this camera?
B: It's quite easy. ……........... you
A. I going to show
B. I'll show C. I’m will show D. I’m going to show
10.The animals are not kept in …………..they can live in their natural environment A. cages B. house C. hotel D. restaurant
11. If you ………… to me, you wouldn’t have got so much trouble.
A. listened B. would listen C. had listened D. would have listened
12. There is a large …………….. of animals that live in Nairobi National Park. A. varied B. vary C. variety D. various
13. My home village is …………….. 40 kilometres north of the capital. A. held B. surrounded C. laid D. located
14. Would you like………………………. lunch with us? ”.
B: “Yes I’d love to”.
A. have B. to have C. having D. had
15.If you don’t know how to spell a word, you ……… look it up in the dictionary. A. must B. will C. should D. ought
16. These flowers are fresh. They .................... from the garden
A. have been just picked B. have just been picked C. have been picked just D. just have been picked
17. You .............. go to bed late. It’s not good for your health.
A. mustn’t B. should C. shouldn’t D. oughtn’t
18. Linda: Excuse me. Where’s the post office? Maria: ……………….
A. It’s over there B. I’m afraid not. C. Don’t worry. D. Yes, I think so.
19. I think you ................study hard for the next exam.
A. could B. will C. would D. should
20.The life ......... of sperm whale can be up to seventy years.
A. distance B. period C. length D. span
21.If Lan had worn a rain coat, she ............... a cold A. had got B. wouldn’t get C. won’t get D. wouldn’t have got
22. The child’s arm was swollen because he ……………….. by a bee. A. stung B. had stung C. had being stung D. had been stung
23. Some plants and animals are ________ organisms because they are extremely small. A. huge B. tiny C. big D. oversized
24. By the end of last summer, the farmers .............all the crop. A. harvested B. had harvested C. harvest D. are harvested
25. What would Tom do if he ______ the truth? A. would know B. has known C. know D. knew
26. Sperm whales prefer the waters with high ________ populations, which are their main diet. A. turtle B. squid C. shark D. sea lion
III. Choose the underlined part that needs correcting. (1.25 ms)
27.My parents(A) often take careful(B) =>care of me when(C) I am ill(D).
28. Many(A) people think(B) this novel(C) ửiting=>is written (D) by Ngo Tat To
29.Children(A) shouldn’t to =>bỏ spend(B) too much(C) time playing(D) computer game..
30. A new(A) law(B) has passed(C)=>has been passed to protect(D) the national parks.
31. Many new roads is(A) =>are being built(B) in this city(C) at the moment(D
1.We have to suffer a lot of floods due to our serious______ of forests.
A. destroy B. destructive C. destruction D. destructor
2. Modern schools are designed to help each student to be _________.
A. succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully
3.Both local people and tourists should be responsible for __________the environment.
A. protect B. protection C. to protect D. protecting
4.The old pagoda is the main tourist __________ of the town.
A. attract B. attraction C. attractive D. attractively
5.Mass tourism can have negative effects on the ___________
A. environment B. environmental C. environmentally D. environmentalist
6. You are old enough to take _______ for what you have done.
A. responsible B. responsibility C. responsibly D. irresponsible
1.We have to suffer a lot of floods due to our serious______ of forests.
A. destroy B. destructive C. destruction D. destructor
đứng sau tính từ là danh từ nhé
2. Modern schools are designed to help each student to be _________.
A. succeed B. success C. successful D. successfully
3.Both local people and tourists should be responsible for __________the environment.
A. protect B. protection C. to protect D. protecting
be responsible for Ving: chịu trách nhiệm cho việc gì
4.The old pagoda is the main tourist __________ of the town.
A. attract B. attraction C. attractive D. attractively
tourist attraction: địa điểm du lịch
5.Mass tourism can have negative effects on the ___________
A. environment B. environmental C. environmentally D. environmentalist
6. You are old enough to take _______ for what you have done.
A. responsible B. responsibility C. responsibly D. irresponsible
take responsibility for Ving: chịu trách nhiệm cho việc gì