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\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
bđ 0,3 0,4
pư 0,3 0,15
sau pư 0 0,25 0,3
=> H2 hết, O2 dư
\(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,25.32=8\left(g\right)\)
b) \(A_{H_2O}=0,3.6.10^{23}=1,8.10^{23}\left(phân.tử\right)\)
c) \(m_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=0,15.32=4,8\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,3<-------------------------------------0,15
\(\rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,3.158=47,4\left(g\right)\)
a, PT: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,1975}{24,79}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,25}{2}< \dfrac{0,25}{1}\), ta được O2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,25-0,125=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,125.24,79=3,09875\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,25.18=4,5\left(g\right)\)
c, PT: \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.122,5\approx20,42\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\), ta được Fe dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
b, Fe dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
trc p/u : 0,1 0,1
p/u : 0,05 0,1 0,05 0,05
sau p/u: 0,05 0 0,05 0,05
---> sau p/ư : Fe dư
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_{Fedư}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\)
\(c,_{FeCl_2}=0,05.127=6,35\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddFeCl_2}=5,6+\left(0,1.36,5\right)-\left(0,05.1\right)=9,2\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{6,35}{9,2}.100\%\approx69\%\)
a)
n Al = 10,8/27 = 0,4(mol)
2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
n H2 = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)n Al = 0,6(mol)
=> V H2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(lít)
b) n AlCl3 = n Al = 0,4(mol)
=> m AlCl3 = 0,4.133,5 = 53,4(gam)
c) n CuO = 16/80 = 0,2(mol)
CuO + H2 \(\xrightarrow{t^o}\) Cu + H2O
n CuO = 0,2 < n H2 = 0,6 => H2 dư
n H2 pư = n Cu = n CuO = 0,2 mol
Suy ra:
m H2 dư = (0,6 -0,2).2 = 0,8(gam)
m Cu = 0,2.64 = 12,8(gam)
a) nAl=0,4(mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
nH2= 3/2 . nAl=3/2 . 0,4=0,6(mol)
=>V(H2,đktc)=0,6 x 22,4= 13,44(l)
b) nAlCl3= nAl=0,4(mol)
=>mAlCl3=133,5 x 0,4= 53,4(g)
c) nCuO=0,2(mol)
PTHH: CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O
Ta có: 0,2/1 < 0,6/1
=> H2 dư, CuO hết, tính theo nCuO
=> nH2(p.ứ)=nCu=nCuO=0,2(mol)
=>nH2(dư)=0,6 - 0,2=0,4(mol)
=> mH2(dư)=0,4. 2=0,8(g)
mCu=0,2.64=12,4(g)
PTHH: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=\dfrac{12,8}{32}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Oxi còn dư, Fe p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,4-\dfrac{2}{15}=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(mol\right)\)
+) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{kk}=\dfrac{2}{15}\cdot22,4\cdot5\approx14,93\left(l\right)\\m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\cdot232\approx15,47\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, Theo gt ta có: $n_{H_2}=0,15(mol);n_{O_2}=0,05(mol)$
$2H_2+O_2\rightarrow 2H_2O$
Sau phản ứng $H_2$ còn dư. Và dư 0,05.22,4=1,12(l)
b, Ta có: $n_{H_2O}=2.n_{O_2}=0,1(mol)\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=1,8(g)$
a) PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) HCl phản ứng hết, Zn còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,05=0,45\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,45\cdot65=29,25\left(g\right)\)
c+d) Theo PTHH: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05mol\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,05\cdot136=6,8\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
nFe = 22.4/56 = 0.4 (mol)
nH2SO4 = 24.5/98 = 0.25 (mol)
Fe + H2SO4 => FeSO4 + H2
0.25.....0.25.....................0.25
mFe(dư) = ( 0.4 - 0.25 ) * 56 = 8.4 (g)
VH2 = 0.25 * 22.4 = 5.6 (l)
nFe=\(\dfrac{22,4}{56}\)= 0,4 ( mol)
nH2SO4=\(\dfrac{24,5}{98}\)=0,25 ( mol )
Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
Trước phản ứng: 0,4 0,25 ( mol )
Phản ứng: 0,25 0,25 0,25 ( mol )
Sau phản ứng: 0,15 0,25 0,25 ( mol )
a) m= n.M= 0,15.56=8,4 (g)
vậy Fe còn dư và dư 8,4 gam
b) VH2= n.22,4= 0,25.22,4=5,6 (l)
O2 dư nhé!