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\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{41,6}{208}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{17}{170}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(BaCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl\)
\(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) ⇒ BaCl2 dư.
a, \(n_{AgCl}=n_{AgNO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AgCl}=0,1.143,5=14,35\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{AgNO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{BaCl_2phan/ung}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{AgNO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{BaCl_2dư}=0,15\left(mol\right)\rightarrow C_{M\left(BaCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,2}=0,75\left(M\right)\)
Bài 19 :
\(a) n_{Al} = \dfrac{10,8}{27} = 0,4(mol)\\ 2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,6(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(lít)\\ b) \text{Chất tan : }Al_2(SO_4)_3\\ n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,2(mol)\\ m_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,2.342 = 68,4(gam)\)
Bài 18 :
\(a) n_{HCl} = \dfrac{250.7,3\%}{36,5 } = 0,5(mol)\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,25(mol) \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6(lít)\\ b) \text{Chất tan : } ZnCl_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{H_2} = 0,25(mol)\\ m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,25.136 = 34(gam)\)
PTHH :
\(2Na+2H_2O-->2NaOH+H_2\)
0,2__________________0,1
\(2NaOH+2AgNO_3-->2NaNO_3+Ag_2O+H_2O\)
0,03______________________________0,015
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{5,1}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{5,1}{170}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
=>Na dư =>\(n_{NaOH}dư=0,1-0,03=0,07\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{Ag_2O}=0,015.232=3,48\left(g\right)\)
MgCl2+2AgNO3->Mg(NO3)2+2AgCl
0,04-----0,08-----------0,04----------0,08
n MgCl2=0,1 mol
n AgNO3=0,08 mol
=>Mgcl2 dư
=>m AgCl=0,08.143,5=11,48g
=>CMMg(NO)2=\(\dfrac{0,04}{0,2}\)=0,2M
=>CMMgcl2 dư=\(\dfrac{0,06}{0,2}\)=0,3M
\(n_{MgCl_2}=0,1\cdot1=0,1mol\)
\(n_{AgNO_3}=0,1\cdot0,8=0,08mol\)
\(MgCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow2AgCl\downarrow+Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2\)
0,1 0,08 0 0
0,04 0,08 0,08 0,04
0,06 0 0,08 0,04
\(m_{\downarrow}=0,08\cdot143,5=11,48g\)
\(C_{M_{Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2}}=\dfrac{n_{Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2}}{V_X}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,2}=0,2M\)
\(n_{NaOH}=1.0,4=0,4(mol);n_{FeCl_3}=1.0,1=0,1(mol)\\ a,PTHH:3NaOH+FeCl_3\to Fe(OH)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\\ \text {Vì }\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{3}>\dfrac{n_{FeCl_3}}{1} \text {nên }NaOH\text { dư}\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe(OH)_3}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe(OH)_3}=107.0,1=10,7(g)\\ b,n_{NaCl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,4+0,1}=0,6M\)
\(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{11,7}{58,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaNO_3}=\dfrac{100.8,5\%}{85}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd}=\dfrac{100}{1,25}=80\left(ml\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(NaCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,08}=2,5M\\C_{M\left(NaNO_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,08}=1,25M\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, Gọi \(m_{NaCl\left(thêm\right)}=a\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{NaCl\left(bđ\right)}=5\%.100=5\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5+a}{100+a}.100\%=5,5\%\\ \Leftrightarrow a=0,53\left(g\right)\)
b, \(m_{NaCl}=58,5.5,5\%=3,2175\left(g\right)\\ n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{3,2175}{58,5}=0,055\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: NaCl + AgNO3 ---> AgCl↓ + NaNO3
0,055-->0,055------>0,055---->0,055
\(m_{AgCl}=0,055.143,5=7,8925\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddY}=58,5+200-7,8925=250,6075\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{NaNO_3}=\dfrac{0,055.85}{250,6075}.100\%=1,87\%\)