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Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử ?
Ta có: \(P=\left(x^2+4x+8\right)^2+3x\left(x^2+4x+8\right)+2x^2\)
Đặt \(x^2+4x+8=y\)
Khi đó:
\(P=y^2+3xy+2x^2\)
\(P=\left(y^2+xy\right)+\left(2xy+2x^2\right)\)
\(P=y\left(x+y\right)+2x\left(x+y\right)\)
\(P=\left(x+y\right)\left(2x+y\right)\)
\(P=\left(x^2+5x+8\right)\left(x^2+6x+8\right)\)
\(P=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+8\right)\)
f) = x2( x - 4 ) - 9( x - 4 ) = ( x - 4 )( x - 3 )( x + 3 )
g) = 4( x - y ) + ( x - y )2 = ( x - y )( x - y + 4 )
h) = x3( x + 1 ) + ( x - 1 )( x + 1 ) = ( x + 1 )( x3 + x - 1 )
i) = ( x - y )( x + y ) - 4( x + y ) = ( x + y )( x - y - 4 )
j) = ( x - y )( x2 + xy + y2 ) - 3( x - y ) = ( x - y )( x2 + xy + y2 - 3 )
Trả lời:
f, x3 - 4x2 - 9x + 36 = ( x3 - 4x2 ) - ( 9x - 36 ) = x2 ( x - 4 ) - 9 ( x - 4 ) = ( x - 4 )( x2 - 9 ) = ( x - 4 )( x - 3 )( x + 3 )
g, 4x - 4y + x2 - 2xy + y2 = ( 4x - 4y ) + ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) = 4 ( x - y ) + ( x - y )2 = ( x - y ) ( 4 + x - y )
h, x4 + x3 + x2 - 1 = ( x4 + x3 ) + ( x2 - 1 ) = x3 ( x + 1 ) + ( x - 1 )( x + 1 ) = ( x + 1 )( x3 + x - 1 )
i, x2 - y2 - 4x - 4y = ( x2 - y2 ) - ( 4x + 4y ) = ( x - y )( x + y ) - 4 ( x + y ) = ( x + y )( x - y - 4 )
j, x3 - y3 - 3x + 3y = ( x3 - y3 ) - ( 3x - 3y ) = ( x - y )( x2 + xy + y2 ) - 3 ( x - y ) = ( x - y )( x2 + xy + y2 - 3 )
1) x3 - 4x2 - 8x + 8
Thử với x = -2 ta có : (-2)3 - 4.(-2)2 - 8.(-2) + 8 = 0
Vậy -2 là nghiệm của đa thức . Theo hệ quả của định lí Bézout thì đa thức trên chia hết cho x + 2
Thực hiện phép chia x3 - 4x2 - 8x + 8 cho x + 2 ta được x2 - 6x + 4
=> x3 - 4x2 - 8x + 8 = ( x + 2 )( x2 - 6x + 4 )
2) 3x2 + 13x - 10
= 3x2 + 15x - 2x - 10
= 3x( x + 5 ) - 2( x + 5 )
= ( x + 5 )( 3x - 2 )
3) x( 2x - 7 ) - 7 - 4x + 14 = 0
<=> 2x2 - 7x - 4x + 7 = 0
<=> 2x2 - 11x + 7 = 0
<=> 2( x2 - 11/2x + 121/16 ) - 65/8 = 0
<=> 2( x - 11/4 )2 = 65/8
<=> ( x - 11/4 )2 = 65/16
<=> ( x - 11/4 )2 = \(\left(\pm\sqrt{\frac{65}{16}}\right)^2=\left(\pm\frac{\sqrt{65}}{4}\right)^2\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-\frac{11}{4}=\frac{\sqrt{65}}{4}\\x-\frac{11}{4}=\frac{-\sqrt{65}}{4}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{11+\sqrt{65}}{4}\\x=\frac{11-\sqrt{65}}{4}\end{cases}}\)
4) 2x3 + 3x2 + 2x + 2 = 0 ( chịu không làm được ((: )
1. \(x^6-2x^3+1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
2. \(x^6+\dfrac{1}{4}x^3+\dfrac{1}{64}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3\right)^2+2.x^3.\dfrac{1}{8}+\left(\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)4. \(x^3-10x^2+25x=0\Leftrightarrow x^3-5x^2-5x^2+25x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-5\right)-5x\left(x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
5. \(\dfrac{1}{4}x^3-3x^2+9x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-3x+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)^2-2.\dfrac{1}{2}x.3+3^2\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-3\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
6. \(x^5-16x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^4-16\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=2\\x=-2\\x^2=-4\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
7. \(4x^2+4x-3=0\Leftrightarrow4x^2-2x^2-6x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(2x-1\right)-3\left(2x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
8. \(4x^2+28x+48=0\Leftrightarrow4x^2+12x+14x+48=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x\left(x+3\right)+12\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+12\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
9. \(9x^2-12x+3=0\Leftrightarrow9x^2-9x-3x+3=0\Leftrightarrow9x\left(x-1\right)-3\left(x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(9x-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
1, \(x^2+2x-3=x^2+3x-x-3=x\left(x-1\right)+3\left(x-1\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
2, \(x^2+3x-10=x^2+5x-2x-10=x\left(x-2\right)+5\left(x-2\right)=\left(x+5\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
3, \(x^2-x-12=x^2-4x+3x-12=x\left(x+3\right)-4\left(x+3\right)=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
4, \(3x^2+4x-7=3x^2+7x-3x-7=3x\left(x-1\right)+7\left(x-1\right)=\left(3x+7\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
5, \(4x^2-9y^2-5xy=4x^2-9xy+4xy-9y^2\)
\(=4x\left(x+y\right)-9y\left(x+y\right)=\left(4x-9y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
6, \(x^2-2x-4y^2-4y=x^2-2x+1-4y^2-4y-1=\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y+1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-1-2y-1\right)\left(x-1+2y+1\right)=\left(x-2y-2\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
a.( 5x2-4x).(x-3)=5x3-15x2-4x2+12x=5x3-11x2+12x
b.(2-3xy).(3x4+4y2+5xy)=6x4+8y2+10xy-9x5y-12xy3-15x2y2
c.(-3x2+x+1).(x2+x-5)=-3x4-3x3+15+x3+x2-5x+x2+x-5=-3x4-2x3+2x-4x+10
\(1,x^2-y^2+4x-4y\)
\(\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+4\left(x-y\right)\)
\(\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+4\right)\)
\(x^2+2x-4y^2-4y\)
\(\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)+2\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y+2\right)\)
\(3,3x^2-4y+4x-3y^2\)
\(3\left(x^2-y^2\right)-4\left(x-y\right)\)
\(3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-4\left(x-y\right)\)
\(\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+3y-4\right)\)
\(x^4-6x^3+54x-81\)
\(x^4+3x^3-9x^3+27x^2-27x^2+81x-27x-81\)
\(\left(x^4+3x^3\right)-\left(9x^3+27x^2\right)+\left(27x^2+81x\right)-\left(27x+81\right)\)
\(x^3\left(x+3\right)-9x^2\left(x+3\right)+27x\left(x+3\right)-27\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\left(x+3\right)\left(x^3-9x^2+27x-27\right)\)
\(\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)^3\)
banj vieets laij deef ddi
\(\frac{1-4x^2}{x^2+4x}\div\frac{2-4x}{3x}\)
ĐKXĐ : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne0\\x\ne-4\\x\ne\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)}{x\left(x+4\right)}\times\frac{3x}{2\left(1-2x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3x\left(1+2x\right)}{2x\left(x+4\right)}\)
\(=\frac{3\left(1+2x\right)}{2\left(x+4\right)}=\frac{6x+3}{2x+8}\)