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Bài 3.
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_{Fe}}{M_{Fe}}=\dfrac{36}{56}=0,6428mol\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Fe_3O_4\)
0,6428 ----- 0,4285 ( mol )
\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,857 0,4285 ( mol )
\(m_{KMnO_4}=n_{KMnO_4}.M_{KMnO_4}=0,857.158=135,406g\)
Bài 4.
a.\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{m_{Al_2O_3}}{M_{Al_2O_3}}=\dfrac{51}{102}=0,5mol\)
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)
1 0,75 0,5 ( mol )
\(m_{Al}=n_{Al}.M_{Al}=1.27=27g\)
\(V_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,75.22,4=16,8l\)
b.\(2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
1,5 0,75 ( mol )
\(m_{KMnO_4}=n_{KMnO_4}.M_{KMnO_4}=1,5.158=237g\)
\(2KClO_3\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+3O_2\)
0,5 0,75 ( mol )
\(m_{KClO_3}=n_{KClO_3}.M_{KClO_3}=0,5.122,5=61,25g\)
Sửa đề:Tính khối lượng KMnO4 cần dùng để điều chế khối lượng Oxi đủ phản ứng cho 16,8 g sắt kim loại(Fe)
2KMnO4 -> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 (1)
3Fe + 2O2 -> Fe3O4 (2)
nFe=0,3(mol)
Theo PTHH 2 ta có:
\(\dfrac{2}{3}\)nFe=nO2=0,2(mol)
Theo PTHH 1 ta có:
2nO2=nKMnO4=0,4(mol)
mKMnO4=158.0,4=63,2(g)
nFe=\(\frac{18,6}{56}\approx\)0,33(mol)
PTHH
3Fe + 2O2 \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) Fe3O4
0,33 -> 0,22 -> 0,11 (mol)(*)
Từ (*) suy ra nO2= 0,22(mol)
2KMnO4\(\underrightarrow{t^o}\)O2 + MnO2 + K2MnO4
0,44<- 0,22 (mol)
=> mKMnO4= 0,44.158= 69,52(g)
Vậy lượng KMnO4 cần dùng để điều chế lượng O2 đủ ph/ứng cho 18,6 g Fe là 69,52g
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(3Fe+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
0,3--->0,2----->0,1
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,1.232=23,2\left(g\right)\)
b) \(V_{O_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\Rightarrow V_{kk}=4,48.5=22,4\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{O_2\left(hao,h\text{ụt}\right)}=0,2.10\%=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(t\text{ổng}\right)}=0,2+0,02=0,22\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2KMnO_4\xrightarrow[]{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
0,44<------------------------------------0,22
\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,44.158=69,52\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=22,2\\\dfrac{1}{2}x\cdot102+\dfrac{1}{3}y\cdot232=33,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{22,2}\cdot100\%=24,32\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-24,32\%=75,68\%\)
b)Theo hai pt trên:
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}+\dfrac{2}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot0,2+\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot0,3=0,35mol\)
\(H=80\%\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\%\cdot0,35=0,28mol\)
\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\)
\(\dfrac{14}{75}\) 0,28
\(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{14}{75}\cdot122,5=22,87g\)
a, PT: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{O_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,1.232=23,2\left(g\right)\)
c, PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Có: O2 hao hụt 40% → H% = 100 - 40 = 60%
Theo PT: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KMnO_4\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{0,4}{60\%}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{2}{3}.158\approx105,3\left(g\right)\)
nFe3O4 = 17.4/232 = 0.075 (mol)
3Fe + 2O2 -to-> Fe3O4
0.225__0.15_____0.075
mFe = 0.225*56=12.6 (g)
VO2 = 0.15*22.4 = 3.36 (l)
2KClO3 -to-> 2KCl + 3O2
0.1________________0.15
mKClO3 = 0.1*122.5 = 12.25 (g)
nFe = 16.8/56 = 0.3 (mol)
3Fe + 2O2 -to-> Fe3O4
0.3.......0.2
2KMnO4 -to-> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
0.4....................................................0.2
mKMnO4 = 0.4*158 = 63.2 (g)
n Fe = 16,8/56 = 0,3(mol)
3Fe + 2O2 $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ Fe3O4
n O2 = 2/3 n Fe = 0,2(mol)
2KMnO4 $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
n KMnO4 = 2n O2 = 0,4(mol)
=> m KMnO4 = 0,4.158= 63,2 gam